Goldstone Radar Observations Planning: 2021 NY1 and 2003 QQ47
2021 NY1 2021 NY1 was discovered by Pan-STARRS 1 on July 7. This asteroid has an absolute magnitude of 21.7 that suggests a diameter of roughly 160 meters. The rotation period and spectral class are unknown. 2021 NY1 will approach within 0.010 au (3.9 Earth-Moon distances) on September 22. The asteroid will be too far south at that time for radar observations at Goldstone but we are scheduled to observe it on Sep. 18 at 0.022 au when the declination will be -20 deg. We anticipate radar signal-to-noise ratios strong enough for detailed imaging. This asteroid will pass through a solar elongation of 90 degrees around August 24 when it might be observed by NASA's NEOWISE spacecraft. If so, then an estimate of its diameter may become available prior to the radar observations on Sep. 18. Update: Although 2021 NY1 passed through the spacecraft's field of view, it was not detected, which hints that the asteroid is not significantly larger than 160 meters or optically dark. 2021 NY1 will brighten to about 16th magnitude for a few days in late September when it could be a good target for photometry. Another update: T. Lister and J. Chatelain report possible rotation periods of 0.2 or 0.4 h. The lightcurve amplitude is 0.45 mag, which suggests a moderately elongated shape. P. Pravec and C. Snodgrass subsequently reported a period of 0.222 h and a lightcurve amplitude of 0.7 mag, so this object is a rapid rotator with an elongated shape. As such, the echo bandwidths could vary considerably as the asteroid spins, and the radar observations on Sep. 18 could cover more than three full rotations. All else being equal, these periods would drop the SNRs by a factor of several, but 2021 NY1 will still be detectable at Goldstone. 2003 QQ47 (143649) 2003 QQ47 was discovered by LINEAR in August, 2003. This asteroid will make a relatively distant approach within 0.0985 au on Sep. 21. We expect SNRs strong enough for CW and ranging observations but probably not for detailed delay-Doppler imaging. Two tracks are scheduled at Goldstone on Sep. 23 and 24. This object has an absolute magnitude of 17.4. Warner et al. reported a preliminary rotation period of 3.68 h from a partial lightcurve with the caveat that the actual period could be different by up to ~30%. Pravec et al. (2021) report that 2003 QQ47 is a binary system with an orbital period of 13.065+-0.018 h, a primary rotation period of 2.64 h, and a secondary/primary size ratio of ~0.33. The primary rotation period is faster than previously estimated. Pravec et al. also report an Sq taxonomy. 2003 QQ47 was observed with radar at Arecibo in 2014. The Arecibo echo bandwidth and the the rotation period obtained by Pravec et al. place a lower bound on the maximum pole-on breadth of the primary of about 0.5 km. J. Masiero reports that NEOWISE observations in Aug. 2021 give a preliminary estimate for the diameter of 800 +- 300 m. If we adopt Dprimary=800 m, then the size ratio from photometry by Pravec et al. suggests Dsecondary ~ 260 meters. The primary will be detectable with radar at Goldstone but the secondary may be too weak. 2003 QQ47 will brighten to 14th magnitude in the third week of September when it should be a good target for photometry and spectroscopy. 2003 QQ47 has an unusually high inclination of 62 degrees that is the fourth highest among all ~1000 near-Earth asteroids detected by radar. Although this object approaches within 0.1 au of Earth at least several times per century, over the next ~500 years its closest approach is predicted to be at 0.060 au in 2170.
Orbital and Physical Characteristics Name 2021 NY1 2003 QQ47 Asteroid number not numbered 143649 Discoverer Pan-STARRS 1 LINEAR Discovery date 2021 Jul 7 2003 Aug 24 Orbit type Apollo Apollo Close approach distance 0.010 au 0.0985 au Close approach distance 3.9 LD 38.3 LD Close approach date 2021 Sep 22 2021 Sep 23 semimajor axis 2.446 au 1.085 au eccentricity 0.595 0.187 inclination 6.2 deg 62.1 deg Orbital period 3.83 years 1.13 y perihelion distance 0.990 au 0.882 au aphelion distance 3.901 au 2.822 au MOID 0.0094 au 0.0031 au absolute magnitude (H) 21.6 17.4 diameter ~0.16 km 800+-300 m Masiero et al. optical albedo not dark ~0.3 rotation period unknown 2.64 h Pravec et al. 2021 lightcurve amplitude unknown 0.07 mag Pravec et al. 2021 spectral class unknown Sq Pravec et al. 2021 PHA? Yes Yes Binary Last update: 2021 September 22
Echo power spectrum obtained on September 18.
2021 NY1 https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K21/K21N70.html 2003 QQ47 https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K03/K03Q46.html
Goldstone SNRs 2021 NY1 2021 NY1: D = 0.16 km, P = 2.2 h, OC albedo = 0.1 DOY start date window RA, dec dist runs SNR/day SNR/run 256-257 2021 Sep 13-14 20:21-04:18 241, -6 0.047 292 25 2 257-258 2021 Sep 14-15 20:20-04:06 241, -8 0.042 319 39 2 258-259 2021 Sep 15-16 20:19-03:52 240, -10 0.037 351 63 4 259-260 2021 Sep 16-17 20:19-03:33 239, -12 0.032 388 110 6 260-261 2021 Sep 17-18 20:22-03:08 237, -15 0.027 427 200 11 261-262 2021 Sep 18-19 20:30-02:30 235, -20 0.022 456 390 20 Scheduled 21:00-22:05 UT. 262-263 2021 Sep 19-20 20:53-01:20 230, -27 0.017 421 750 39 ...too far south for several days... 268 2021 Sep 25 12:05-14:15 83, -33 0.019 193 360 27 269 2021 Sep 26 10:33-15:01 79, -27 0.023 322 240 14 270 2021 Sep 27 09:49-15:15 77, -23 0.028 327 140 8 271 2021 Sep 28 09:20-15:20 75, -20 0.033 309 78 5 272 2021 Sep 29 09:00-15:22 74, -18 0.038 286 47 3 273 2021 Sep 30 08:44-15:22 73, -16 0.044 264 30 2 For P = 0.22 h, the SNRs will be ~30% of these values so on Sep. 18 we are expecting SNR/run ~ 6.
2003 QQ47 2003 QQ47: D = 0.8 km, P = 2.64 h, OC albedo = 0.1 Primary DOY start date window RA, dec dist runs SNR/day SNR/run 263 2021 Sep 20 05:23-14:27 31, +5 0.117 142 10 1 264 2021 Sep 21 04:43-14:15 25, +11 0.108 161 14 1 265 2021 Sep 22 03:58-13:58 18, +16 0.102 180 18 1 266 2021 Sep 23 03:09-13:38 10, +22 0.099 196 21 2 Scheduled 0855-1335 267 2021 Sep 24 02:15-13:12 2, +28 0.099 206 21 2 Scheduled 0840-1310 268 2021 Sep 25 01:21-12:43 352, +33 0.101 208 20 1 269 2021 Sep 26 00:26-12:10 342, +37 0.106 204 16 1 270-271 2021 Sep 26-27 23:36-11:36 333, +40 0.114 195 13 1 The SNR/run is about 2/3 of values we previously estimated using a larger diameter and a slower rotation period. Secondary: SNR/run ~ 1 so it will take some luck to see an echo. Bandwidths: Primary B ~ 30 Hz Secondary B ~ 2 Hz
Track Assignments
DOY BOA BOT EOT EOA 261 1930 2100 2205 2235 GSSR Ast 2021 NY1 266 0725 0855 1335 1405 GSSR Ast 2003 QQ47 267 0710 0840 1310 1340 GSSR Ast 2003 QQ47 Goldstone tracks: UT UT PDT Duration Round-trip DOY Date TX Window TX Window hh:mm time (sec) SNR/run 261 Sep 18 2021 NY1 2100-2205 1400-1505 Sep 18 1:05 22 20 266 Sep 23 2003 QQ47 0855-1335 0155-0635 Sep 23 4:40 99 2 267 Sep 24 2003 QQ47 0840-1310 0140-0610 Sep 24 4:30 99 2 2021 NY1 rises 30 minutes before the end of precal time so we might be able to start early. 2003 QQ47 will be in the beam as soon as we get the telescope, so we can start to transmit as soon as we're ready. 2003 QQ47 transmit times do not overlap view periods for 2021 NY1.
Uncertainties
2021 NY1 JPL/Horizons solution 16, # obs: 87 (94 days) 2021 Sep 15 Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(a-appar)_DEC. delta POS_3sigma DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2021-Sep-16 00:00 *m 239.82235 -9.49490 0.03699094221927 1.450 35.30 0.003324 2021-Sep-17 00:00 *m 238.66239 -11.86069 0.03184646835585 2.187 34.96 0.003046 2021-Sep-18 00:00 * 236.99929 -15.11584 0.02678844650304 3.476 * 34.47 0.002781 2021-Sep-19 00:00 * 234.45049 -19.82714 0.02188328553905 5.861 33.97 0.002522 2021-Sep-20 00:00 * 230.12558 -27.06073 0.01726760472263 10.564 35.11 0.002245 2021-Sep-21 00:00 * 221.45006 -38.69202 0.01325237863339 20.047 47.98 0.001874 2021-Sep-22 00:00 * 198.48107 -55.61998 0.01055025036759 35.200 88.68 0.001244 2021-Sep-23 00:00 * 139.12120 -62.77248 0.01025727755109 41.260 103.68 0.000679 2021-Sep-24 00:00 * 100.21972 -49.42454 0.01253967723578 30.463 64.12 0.001173 JPL/Horizons solution 10, # obs: 63 (76 days) 2021 August 27 Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(a-appar)_DEC. delta POS_3sigma DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2021-Sep-16 00:00 *m 239.82230 -9.49505 0.03699017294478 11.562 56.07 0.011983 2021-Sep-17 00:00 *m 238.66231 -11.86090 0.03184573395336 16.057 59.71 0.011478 2021-Sep-18 00:00 * 236.99916 -15.11615 0.02678775029016 23.383 * 67.08 0.010916 2021-Sep-19 00:00 * 234.45027 -19.82763 0.02188263446784 36.147 83.94 0.010231 2021-Sep-20 00:00 * 230.12513 -27.06156 0.01726701500090 59.959 126.58 0.009260 2021-Sep-21 00:00 * 221.44894 -38.69344 0.01325189119308 105.269 236.24 0.007573 2021-Sep-22 00:00 * 198.47732 -55.62179 0.01054995846227 171.989 440.42 0.004294 2021-Sep-23 00:00 * 139.11451 -62.77183 0.01025727311650 188.669 470.83 0.000950 2021-Sep-24 00:00 * 100.21727 -49.42299 0.01253988771480 131.100 246.88 0.004334 Pointing improved by a factor of about 4 on Sep. 18. This is very helpful. JPL/Horizons solution 7, # obs: 54 (54 days) 2021 August 5 Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(a-appar)_DEC. delta POS_3sigma DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2021-Sep-16 00:00 *m 239.82355 -9.49420 0.03699366581832 88.278 179.71 0.060888 2021-Sep-17 00:00 *m 238.66390 -11.85970 0.03184912534818 117.348 213.04 0.059060 2021-Sep-18 00:00 * 237.00130 -15.11439 0.02679101383965 163.583 * 274.95 0.056791 2021-Sep-19 00:00 * 234.45337 -19.82490 0.02188571860372 242.251 402.12 0.053652 2021-Sep-20 00:00 * 230.13016 -27.05710 0.01726980755079 385.553 691.18 0.048608 2021-Sep-21 00:00 * 221.45881 -38.68616 0.01325412715846 651.049 1377.55 0.039044 2021-Sep-22 00:00 * 198.50320 -55.61387 0.01055107130671 1026.432 2590.55 0.019781 2021-Sep-23 00:00 * 139.14972 -62.77890 0.01025674346607 1090.896 2735.37 0.008651 2021-Sep-24 00:00 * 100.22672 -49.43314 0.01253814424470 737.422 1429.77 0.029519 JPL/Horizons solution 1, # obs: 35 (2 days) Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(a-appar)_DEC. delta POS_3sigma DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2021-Sep-16 00:00 *m 240.20538 -9.24398 0.03800240423114 27532.724 16476.33 9.246530 2021-Sep-17 00:00 *m 239.14910 -11.51020 0.03282871419767 34020.951 18634.41 9.195912 2021-Sep-18 00:00 * 237.64677 -14.60555 0.02773394498384 43669.099 * 26982.50 9.062003 2021-Sep-19 00:00 * 235.37220 -19.04590 0.02277752779302 59038.406 48592.02 8.767471 2021-Sep-20 00:00 * 231.58567 -25.79997 0.01807952259265 85445.281 99458.30 8.132318 2021-Sep-21 00:00 * 224.22476 -36.63795 0.01390938470073 132769.543 219728.54 6.709479 2021-Sep-22 00:00 * 205.52414 -53.22474 0.01089470094675 203561.172 451833.28 3.549558 2021-Sep-23 00:00 * 150.15432 -64.54953 0.01012653779317 230415.751 553142.77 1.752237 2021-Sep-24 00:00 * 103.12014 -52.49624 0.01203950241792 167521.058 327192.24 6.157824
2003 QQ47 JPL/Horizons solution 126, # obs: 581 (2003-2021) 2021 Sep 22 Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(a-appar)_DEC. delta POS_3sigma DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2021-Sep-22 00:00 * 20.88521 14.12428 0.10438143945913 0.503 2.37 0.000117 2021-Sep-23 00:00 * 13.27851 20.23523 0.09995858182762 0.535 2.70 0.000109 2021-Sep-24 00:00 * 4.54105 26.31061 0.09851792275312 0.550 2.87 0.000103 2021-Sep-25 00:00 * 354.90794 31.77270 0.10018172445709 0.545 2.82 0.000101 2021-Sep-26 00:00 * 344.85421 36.15371 0.10479331674138 0.521 2.59 0.000104 The 3-sigma Doppler uncertainties are about an order of magnitude smaller than the primary bandwidth we expect so we may not see a Doppler correction to the ephemeris.
Apparent Magnitudes, Solar Elongations, Lunar Elongations, and Lunar Illumination: 2021 NY1 Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(a-appar)_DEC. delta APmag S-brt S-O-T /r T-O-M/MN_Illu% 2021-Aug-01 00:00 246.33173 2.86989 0.25256707277351 20.867 n.a. 112.6278 /T 150.7/ 45.8736 2021-Aug-03 00:00 245.94894 2.88807 0.24470068681604 20.837 n.a. 110.5447 /T 155.7/ 27.7179 2021-Aug-05 00:00 245.60546 2.88328 0.23675244331633 20.806 n.a. 108.4968 /T 142.2/ 12.5950 2021-Aug-07 00:00 245.30106 2.85586 0.22870121737258 20.774 n.a. 106.4842 /T 121.3/ 2.7479 2021-Aug-09 00:00 245.03510 2.80620 0.22052767070622 20.739 n.a. 104.5068 /T 97.8/ 0.3800 2021-Aug-11 00:00 244.80639 2.73468 0.21221440301971 20.701 n.a. 102.5635 /T 73.2/ 6.8840 2021-Aug-13 00:00 244.61316 2.64164 0.20374636049827 20.661 n.a. 100.6528 /T 48.6/ 21.8806 2021-Aug-15 00:00 244.45280 2.52724 0.19511150604911 20.618 n.a. 98.7723 /T 27.6/ 42.8345 2021-Aug-17 00:00 244.32186 2.39134 0.18630153736740 20.571 n.a. 96.9186 /T 25.8/ 65.5197 2021-Aug-19 00:00 244.21604 2.23325 0.17731237034854 20.520 n.a. 95.0876 /T 45.9/ 85.0162 2021-Aug-21 00:00 244.13035 2.05154 0.16814416843360 20.464 n.a. 93.2744 /T 70.9/ 97.0637 2021-Aug-23 00:00 244.05942 1.84377 0.15880081035276 20.404 n.a. 91.4737 /T 96.2/ 99.5129 2021-Aug-25 00:00 243.99761 1.60619 0.14928894917983 20.338 n.a. 89.6802 /T 120.3/ 92.9028 2021-Aug-27 00:00 243.93888 1.33345 0.13961710238326 20.265 n.a. 87.8879 /T 142.0/ 79.5830 2021-Aug-29 00:00 243.87647 1.01816 0.12979512643130 20.185 n.a. 86.0903 /T 157.2/ 62.3157 2021-Aug-31 00:00 243.80236 0.65004 0.11983405381043 20.095 n.a. 84.2797 /T 153.9/ 43.5333 2021-Sep-02 00:00 243.70665 0.21467 0.10974607030911 19.995 n.a. 82.4467 /T 136.1/ 25.4353 2021-Sep-04 00:00 243.57653 -0.30866 0.09954449420821 19.881 n.a. 80.5795 /T 113.8/ 10.4547 2021-Sep-06 00:00 243.39444 -0.95056 0.08924382346739 19.751 n.a. 78.6619 /T 89.3/ 1.4966 2021-Sep-08 00:00 243.13467 -1.75803 0.07886016375840 19.600 n.a. 76.6707 /T 63.4/ 1.3469 2021-Sep-10 00:00 242.75655 -2.80706 0.06841260196855 19.422 n.a. 74.5702 /T 37.2/ 11.1816 2021-Sep-12 00:00 242.19037 -4.22880 0.05792633501176 19.210 n.a. 72.3020 /T 16.7/ 29.3390 2021-Sep-14 00:00 241.30499 -6.26986 0.04743928948049 18.951 n.a. 69.7643 /T 27.6/ 51.7148 2021-Sep-16 00:00 239.81976 -9.44954 0.03701853524283 18.628 n.a. 66.7667 /T 53.3/ 73.3642 2021-Sep-18 00:00 237.00180 -15.04763 0.02681316793449 18.217 n.a. 62.9416 /T 80.9/ 89.9674 2021-Sep-20 00:00 230.14858 -26.94092 0.01728478694697 18. n.a. 57.8639 /T 109.5/ 98.7326 2021-Sep-22 00:00 198.70002 -55.44170 0.01054317555055 17. n.a. 57.9643 /T 124.9/ 98.8262 2021-Sep-24 00:00 100.35080 -49.44469 0.01250375671902 15.471 n.a. 83.6272 /L 83.6/ 91.1646 2021-Sep-26 00:00 81.29165 -29.62329 0.02081619290104 15.938 n.a. 99.4216 /L 54.4/ 77.6384 2021-Sep-28 00:00 75.94465 -21.14836 0.03066545840677 16.527 n.a. 106.6486 /L 46.6/ 60.3413 2021-Sep-30 00:00 73.43330 -16.79052 0.04093507930418 17.009 n.a. 111.1105 /L 55.0/ 41.3120 NY1 might get swept up by the NEOWISE spacecraft around Aug. 25 +- a few days. --> It was not detected by NEOWISE.
2003 QQ47 Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(a-appar)_DEC. delta APmag S-brt S-O-T /r T-O-M/MN_Illu% 2021-Aug-17 00:00 64.41106 -27.18279 0.65005443750748 18.948 n.a. 89.3566 /L 129.8/ 65.5197 2021-Aug-19 00:00 64.34508 -26.84323 0.61931546210455 18.844 n.a. 90.6284 /L 116.2/ 85.0162 2021-Aug-21 00:00 64.22561 -26.47796 0.58817672887822 18.731 n.a. 91.9592 /L 97.9/ 97.0637 2021-Aug-23 00:00 64.04484 -26.08095 0.55666750371647 18.610 n.a. 93.3569 /L 78.7/ 99.5129 2021-Aug-25 00:00 63.79297 -25.64466 0.52481974568943 18.478 n.a. 94.8318 /L 61.3/ 92.9028 2021-Aug-27 00:00 63.45753 -25.15947 0.49266939413078 18.335 n.a. 96.3972 /L 48.5/ 79.5830 2021-Aug-29 00:00 63.02256 -24.61281 0.46025767258967 18.178 n.a. 98.0704 /L 43.6/ 62.3157 2021-Aug-31 00:00 62.46736 -23.98805 0.42763263355263 18.006 n.a. 99.8740 /L 48.7/ 43.5333 2021-Sep-02 00:00 61.76483 -23.26274 0.39485141354701 17.816 n.a. 101.8381 /L 61.7/ 25.4353 2021-Sep-04 00:00 60.87873 -22.40601 0.36198379730927 17.605 n.a. 104.0037 /L 79.4/ 10.4547 2021-Sep-06 00:00 59.75984 -21.37429 0.32911791260367 17.369 n.a. 106.4272 /L 99.9/ 1.4966 2021-Sep-08 00:00 58.33977 -20.10461 0.29636942418896 17.102 n.a. 109.1889 /L 121.5/ 1.3469 2021-Sep-10 00:00 56.52118 -18.50337 0.26389689352277 16.798 n.a. 112.4041 /L 140.1/ 11.1816 2021-Sep-12 00:00 54.16157 -16.42741 0.23192892293819 16.448 n.a. 116.2439 /L 145.4/ 29.3390 2021-Sep-14 00:00 51.04569 -13.65201 0.20081479247295 16.042 n.a. 120.9643 /L 130.7/ 51.7148 2021-Sep-16 00:00 46.83887 -9.81873 0.17112201596364 15.565 n.a. 126.9445 /L 106.2/ 73.3642 2021-Sep-18 00:00 41.01100 -4.36768 0.14382413356500 15.010 n.a. 134.6852 /L 77.6/ 89.9674 2021-Sep-20 00:00 32.73540 3.45843 0.12063149450649 14.387 n.a. 144.4725 /L 46.3/ 98.7326 2021-Sep-22 00:00 20.87175 14.14073 0.10436289139928 13.813 n.a. 154.1952 /L 16.2/ 98.8262 2021-Sep-24 00:00 4.52123 26.32768 0.09851399090564 13.687 n.a. 153.9245 /L 31.8/ 91.1646 2021-Sep-26 00:00 344.83083 36.16588 0.10480451475743 14.141 n.a. 141.2839 /T 64.9/ 77.6384 2021-Sep-28 00:00 325.84233 41.23634 0.12128987404927 14.784 n.a. 127.4968 /T 91.6/ 60.3413 2021-Sep-30 00:00 310.88529 42.71975 0.14442965120034 15.409 n.a. 116.6031 /T 108.6/ 41.3120 This will be a good target for lightcurves and spectroscopy despite the nearly full Moon.
Setups
2021 NY1: For a rotation period of 0.222 h, and if D ~ 0.16 km, then the bandwidth could be about 72 Hz. This is twice as wide as the 3-sigma Doppler uncertainty so we might not see a Doppler correction to the ephemeris. 2003 QQ47: We are expecting a bandwidth of roughly 30 Hz for the primary and 2 Hz for the secondary. CW setup: --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TX polarization RCP RCV polarization LCP & RCP Frequency hops: no hopping Bandwidth: 5000 Hz TXoffset +500 Hz FFT 1000 for 5.0 Hz resolution Ranging setups: --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10-usec baud 10 usec code 127 PRP 1270 usec ncoh 1 bandwidth 787 Hz FFT 128 resolution 6.15 Hz TXoffset +100 Hz (echo in column 80) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11-usec baud 11 usec code 127 PRP 1397 usec ncoh 1 bandwidth 716 Hz FFT 128 resolution 5.6 Hz TXoffset +100 Hz (echo in column 82) ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-usec baud 1 usec code 255 ncoh 8 bandwidth 490 Hz FFT 128 resolution 3.8 Hz TXoffset +50 Hz (echo in column 77) ---------------------------------------------------------------------
Instructions
NOTE: Data should be moved to the appropriate subdirectories in aardvark:/export/data0/2021ny1/raw/
POINTING:
OSOD and predicts are on aardvark: POINTING ...Not yet available... Transmit offsets are given in millidegrees.
PRDX.OUT.14f-14-14.s?? TRANSMITTER: STATION #14, RECEIVER: STATION #14 RECEIVER U.T. RANGE DOPPLER LHA DEC RA EL
2021 NY1 GOLDSTONE MASTERLOG
============================================================================== ----------------------------------------------------- ...Not yet available... -----------------------------------------------------
Dr. Lance A. M. Benner | PHONE: (818) 354-7412 Mail Stop 183-601 | FAX: (818) 393-4445 Jet Propulsion Laboratory | email: lance.benner@jpl.nasa.gov California Institute of Technology | Plan: To live long and prosper Pasadena, CA 91109-8099 https://echo.jpl.nasa.gov/asteroids/2021NY1/2021NY1.2021.goldstone.planning.html
Asteroid Radar Astronomy