Goldstone Radar Observations Planning: 2016 LX48
2016 LX482016 LX48 was discovered by Pan-STARRS 1 on 2016 June 11. This asteroid will approach within 0.046 au on September 12 when it should be a strong radar target at Goldstone and Arecibo. This asteroid has a Tisserand parameter of 2.749 that is suggestive of a cometary orbit. As such, it may have a low albedo, and given its absolute magnitude of 19.1, the diameter could be in the realm of 1 km. NASA's NEOWISE mission observed 2016 LX48 on July 26. Preliminary results suggest a diameter of about 1 km and an optical albedo of about 5%. Otherwise, the physical properties of this object are unknown. Arecibo observations on September 9 provide a bandwidth of about 3.4 Hz, so if we ignore sky motion, the bandwidth at Goldstone could be about 12 Hz. The Arecibo bandwidth and the diameter from NEOWISE suggest a rotation period in the realm of (8 hours)cos(delta), where delta is the unknown subradar latitude. Tracks are scheduled at Goldstone on September 17 and 19 and at Arecibo from Sep. 9/10 - 11/12. 2016 LX48 is classified as a "Potentially Hazardous Asteroid" by the Minor Planet Center.
Orbital and Physical Characteristics Provisional Designation 2016 LX48 Asteroid number none Discoverer Pan-STARRS Discovery date 2016 Jun 11 orbit type Apollo, PHA Close approach date 2016 Sep 12 Close approach dist. 0.0456 au Close approach dist. 17.7 ld semimajor axis 3.222 au eccentricity 0.690 inclination 5.6 deg perihelion distance 0.999 au aphelion distance 5.444 au Tisserand parameter 2.749 Could be cometary absolute magnitude (H) 19.4 diameter 1 km Assuming an optical albedo of 0.05 optical albedo dark rotation period unknown pole direction unknown lightcurve amplitude unknown spectral class unknown Last update: 2016 September 14
2016 LX48 http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K16/K16LC2.html
SNR Calculations
GOLDSTONE SNRS Assumptions: D = 0.9 km, P = 2.2 h, and OC albedo = 0.1 w DOY start date window RA, dec dist runs SNR/day SNR/run 35 243-244 2016 Aug 30-31 21:33-04:31 238, -14 0.090 138 27 3 35 244-245 2016 Aug 31-01 21:28-04:39 239, -13 0.085 151 35 3 35 245-246 2016 Sep 01-02 21:23-04:49 241, -11 0.080 166 47 4 35 246-247 2016 Sep 02-03 21:19-05:01 243, -9 0.075 183 62 5 35 247-248 2016 Sep 03-04 21:14-05:14 245, -7 0.071 203 83 6 35 248-249 2016 Sep 04-05 21:10-05:28 247, -4 0.066 225 110 8 36 249-250 2016 Sep 05-06 21:07-05:45 250, -1 0.062 251 150 10 36 250-251 2016 Sep 06-07 21:04-06:04 253, +3 0.058 279 200 13 36 251-252 2016 Sep 07-08 21:02-06:26 256, +7 0.054 311 270 16 36 252-253 2016 Sep 08-09 21:01-06:51 260, +11 0.051 344 350 20 36 253-254 2016 Sep 09-10 21:01-07:19 264, +16 0.049 379 430 24 36 254-255 2016 Sep 10-10 21:04-07:51 270, +21 0.047 411 510 27 36 255-256 2016 Sep 11-12 21:09-08:27 276, +27 0.046 439 570 30 37 256-257 2016 Sep 12-13 21:17-09:05 282, +32 0.045 460 590 30 37 257-258 2016 Sep 13-14 21:28-09:45 290, +37 0.046 471 570 29 37 258-259 2016 Sep 14-15 21:43-10:26 298, +41 0.048 471 510 26 37 259-260 2016 Sep 15-16 22:02-11:06 306, +44 0.050 462 430 22 37 260-261 2016 Sep 16-17 22:23-11:42 315, +47 0.053 446 350 18 Scheduled 37 261-262 2016 Sep 17-18 22:45-12:14 323, +48 0.056 424 270 14 37 262-263 2016 Sep 18-19 23:07-12:41 330, +49 0.060 399 210 11 Scheduled 38 263-264 2016 Sep 19-20 23:28-13:03 336, +49 0.065 373 160 9 38 264-265 2016 Sep 20-21 23:47-13:20 342, +49 0.069 348 120 7 38 266 2016 Sep 22 00:05-13:34 347, +49 0.074 324 90 5 38 267 2016 Sep 23 00:20-13:45 351, +49 0.079 302 69 4 38 268 2016 Sep 24 00:33-13:53 355, +48 0.085 282 53 3 38 269 2016 Sep 25 00:44-13:59 358, +47 0.090 264 42 3 39 270 2016 Sep 26 00:54-14:03 1, +47 0.095 247 33 2 39 271 2016 Sep 27 01:02-14:06 3, +46 0.101 232 26 2 Goldstone SNRs assume Ptx = 450 kW and Tsys = 18 K. ARECIBO SNRS start date window RA, dec dist runs SNR/day SNR/run 2016 SEP 05 21:45-22:20 249.0, -1 0.0623 16 920 230 2016 SEP 06 21:20-23:00 252.0, 2 0.0582 51 2100 290 2016 SEP 07 21:10-23:25 255.4, 6 0.0545 74 3100 360 2016 SEP 08 21:10-23:50 259.3, 10 0.0513 93 4300 450 2016 SEP 09-10 21:20-00:10 263.8, 15 0.0488 104 5500 530 Scheduled 2016 SEP 10-11 21:35-00:30 269.0, 20 0.0469 112 6500 610 Scheduled 2016 SEP 11-12 21:55-00:45 274.9, 26 0.0458 111 7000 660 Scheduled 2016 SEP 12-13 22:30-00:55 281.6, 31 0.0455 95 6600 680 2016 SEP 13-14 23:25-00:50 288.9, 36 0.0460 55 4800 650 Assumptions: Ptx = 900 kW, Tsys = 25 K
Track Assignments
DOY BOA BOT EOT EOA 261 0810 0940 1145 1215 DSS-14 GSSR AST 2016 LX48 263 0705 0835 1245 1315 DSS-14 GSSR AST 2016 LX48 Transmit Authorization Times: Not available yet... Goldstone tracks: UT UT PDT Duration Round-trip DOY Date TX Window TX Window hh:mm time (sec) 261 Sep 17 0840-1145 0140-0445 PDT Sep 17 3:05 52 263 Sep 19 0735-1245 0035-0545 PDT Sep 19 5:10 60 The start times above assume we can begin 30 minutes into precal. Arecibo tracks: UT UT PDT Duration Round-trip Date TX Window TX Window hh:mm time (sec) Sep 9-10 2120-0010 1420-1710 2:50 49 Sep 10-11 2135-0030 1435-1730 2:55 47 Sep 11-12 2155-0045 1455-1745 2:50 46
Uncertainties
JPL/Horizons solution 38, # obs: 264 (94 days): 2016 September 14 This solution does not include radar astrometry obtained at Arecibo Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(a-appar)_DEC. delta POS_3sigma DOP_S_3sig DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2016-Sep-01 00:00 *m 239.23732 -12.75627 0.08566895369568 0.288 7.26 26.38 0.004424 2016-Sep-02 00:00 *m 240.83692 -11.00222 0.08061796341109 0.296 7.09 25.77 0.004164 2016-Sep-03 00:00 *m 242.61971 -9.00623 0.07569733126306 0.304 6.88 25.00 0.003910 2016-Sep-04 00:00 *m 244.61770 -6.72676 0.07093971543292 0.312 6.62 24.05 0.003665 2016-Sep-05 00:00 *m 246.86957 -4.11686 0.06638560592293 0.318 6.29 22.85 0.003431 2016-Sep-06 00:00 *m 249.42199 -1.12610 0.06208511832417 0.323 5.88 21.36 0.003211 2016-Sep-07 00:00 *m 252.33087 2.29497 0.05809977096841 0.324 5.37 19.52 0.003007 2016-Sep-08 00:00 *m 255.66214 6.18594 0.05450373377895 0.322 4.75 17.26 0.002823 2016-Sep-09 00:00 *m 259.49154 10.56158 0.05138359216361 0.319 4.00 14.53 0.002665 2016-Sep-10 00:00 *m 263.90191 15.39066 0.04883518050197 0.318 3.11 11.29 0.002537 2016-Sep-11 00:00 *m 268.97594 20.57213 0.04695592188783 0.326 2.09 7.58 0.002443 2016-Sep-12 00:00 *m 274.78165 25.91957 0.04583212545301 0.352 0.98 3.54 0.002388 2016-Sep-13 00:00 *m 281.34831 31.16946 0.04552336150759 0.397 0.35 1.27 0.002375 2016-Sep-14 00:00 * 288.63460 36.02347 0.04604928771111 0.451 1.44 5.22 0.002405 2016-Sep-15 00:00 * 296.49927 40.21559 0.04738508834796 0.503 2.53 9.21 0.002476 2016-Sep-16 00:00 * 304.69439 43.57471 0.04946793832672 0.545 3.52 12.81 0.002585 2016-Sep-17 00:00 * 312.89924 46.05345 0.05221110100483 0.574 4.39 15.94 0.002728 2016-Sep-18 00:00 * 320.78948 47.71451 0.05551932806120 0.590 5.11 18.58 0.002900 2016-Sep-19 00:00 * 328.10822 48.68928 0.05930071745112 0.595 5.72 20.79 0.003097 2016-Sep-20 00:00 * 334.70403 49.13248 0.06347350278967 0.593 6.22 22.61 0.003313 2016-Sep-21 00:00 * 340.52747 49.18938 0.06796861381051 0.585 6.63 24.11 0.003546 2016-Sep-22 00:00 * 345.60296 48.97980 0.07272959266662 0.573 6.98 25.36 0.003793 JPL/Horizons solution 28, # obs: 134 (78 days): 2016 August 30 Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(a-appar)_DEC. delta POS_3sigma DOP_S_3sig DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2016-Sep-01 00:00 *m 239.23734 -12.75625 0.08566870323139 1.621 7.95 28.91 0.005958 2016-Sep-02 00:00 *m 240.83694 -11.00220 0.08061772446506 1.998 7.80 28.33 0.005710 2016-Sep-03 00:00 *m 242.61974 -9.00621 0.07569710398592 2.468 7.61 27.65 0.005465 2016-Sep-04 00:00 *m 244.61773 -6.72673 0.07093950001256 3.054 7.40 26.89 0.005223 2016-Sep-05 00:00 *m 246.86960 -4.11683 0.06638540259575 3.780 7.18 26.10 0.004983 2016-Sep-06 00:00 *m 249.42204 -1.12607 0.06208492738611 4.670 6.99 25.41 0.004743 2016-Sep-07 00:00 *m 252.33092 2.29502 0.05809959278067 5.745 6.90 25.07 0.004499 2016-Sep-08 00:00 *m 255.66219 6.18599 0.05450356875981 7.012 7.00 25.46 0.004249 2016-Sep-09 00:00 *m 259.49161 10.56164 0.05138344075079 8.449 7.42 26.97 0.003990 2016-Sep-10 00:00 *m 263.90199 15.39072 0.04883504306630 9.990 8.19 29.76 0.003722 2016-Sep-11 00:00 *m 268.97603 20.57220 0.04695579858463 11.508 9.20 33.45 0.003453 2016-Sep-12 00:00 *m 274.78174 25.91964 0.04583201602445 12.833 10.23 37.18 0.003200 2016-Sep-13 00:00 *m 281.34842 31.16952 0.04552326509512 13.786 10.99 39.95 0.002989 2016-Sep-14 00:00 * 288.63472 36.02353 0.04604920276961 14.246 11.30 41.08 0.002853 2016-Sep-15 00:00 * 296.49940 40.21564 0.04738501272612 14.196 11.14 40.50 0.002815 2016-Sep-16 00:00 * 304.69452 43.57475 0.04946786949258 13.717 10.65 38.71 0.002879 2016-Sep-17 00:00 * 312.89937 46.05347 0.05221103632189 12.942 10.02 36.42 0.003029 Scheduled 2016-Sep-18 00:00 * 320.78960 47.71452 0.05551926501946 12.008 9.43 34.26 0.003241 2016-Sep-19 00:00 * 328.10833 48.68928 0.05930065380740 11.024 8.97 32.60 0.003493 Scheduled 2016-Sep-20 00:00 * 334.70413 49.13248 0.06347343662254 10.062 8.68 31.53 0.003769 2016-Sep-21 00:00 * 340.52756 49.18937 0.06796854351715 9.163 8.53 31.00 0.004060 2016-Sep-22 00:00 * 345.60303 48.97979 0.07272951692973 8.345 8.49 30.86 0.004359 JPL/Horizons solution 15, # obs: 77 (45 days): 2016 August 1 Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(a-appar)_DEC. delta POS_3sigma DOP_S_3sig DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2016-Sep-01 00:00 *m 239.23700 -12.75641 0.08567041339808 35.710 28.86 104.89 0.047569 2016-Sep-02 00:00 *m 240.83656 -11.00238 0.08061935483569 41.629 31.96 116.16 0.046500 2016-Sep-03 00:00 *m 242.61932 -9.00642 0.07569865146397 48.743 35.99 130.79 0.045289 2016-Sep-04 00:00 *m 244.61726 -6.72698 0.07094096082670 57.291 41.23 149.85 0.043899 2016-Sep-05 00:00 *m 246.86908 -4.11712 0.06638677214608 67.528 48.05 174.63 0.042278 2016-Sep-06 00:00 *m 249.42145 -1.12641 0.06208620010173 79.686 56.83 206.54 0.040363 2016-Sep-07 00:00 *m 252.33026 2.29462 0.05810076204498 93.904 67.92 246.86 0.038077 2016-Sep-08 00:00 *m 255.66145 6.18554 0.05450462700848 110.100 81.49 296.19 0.035335 2016-Sep-09 00:00 *m 259.49077 10.56114 0.05138437990775 127.797 97.26 353.50 0.032053 2016-Sep-10 00:00 *m 263.90104 15.39019 0.04883585551567 145.927 114.16 414.90 0.028174 2016-Sep-11 00:00 *m 268.97497 20.57166 0.04695647879339 162.758 130.10 472.85 0.023700 2016-Sep-12 00:00 *m 274.78057 25.91912 0.04583256263101 176.107 142.22 516.89 0.018731 2016-Sep-13 00:00 *m 281.34715 31.16907 0.04552368281040 183.950 147.74 536.95 0.013489 2016-Sep-14 00:00 * 288.63338 36.02319 0.04604950315803 185.189 145.23 527.84 0.008334 2016-Sep-15 00:00 * 296.49802 40.21543 0.04738521329057 180.093 135.34 491.88 0.004030 2016-Sep-16 00:00 * 304.69317 43.57467 0.04946799137617 170.084 120.33 437.33 0.003719 2016-Sep-17 00:00 * 312.89811 46.05353 0.05221110161343 157.080 103.00 374.34 0.006882 2016-Sep-18 00:00 * 320.78847 47.71468 0.05551929458735 142.850 85.66 311.33 0.010066 2016-Sep-19 00:00 * 328.10736 48.68952 0.05930066604639 128.693 69.78 253.60 0.012779 2016-Sep-20 00:00 * 334.70333 49.13276 0.06347344701559 115.391 56.02 203.60 0.014996 2016-Sep-21 00:00 * 340.52691 49.18968 0.06796856472213 103.320 44.54 161.89 0.016774 2016-Sep-22 00:00 * 345.60251 48.98011 0.07272955912036 92.595 35.24 128.07 0.018178 JPL/Horizons solution ??, # obs: ?? 2016 June 30 Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(a-appar)_DEC. POS_3sigma DOP_S_3sig DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2016-Sep-01 00:00:00 239.22414 -12.71003 668.530 455.45 1655.32 0.760557 2016-Sep-02 00:00:00 240.82501 -10.94976 769.683 513.04 1864.63 0.743498 2016-Sep-03 00:00:00 242.60957 -8.94642 890.598 586.19 2130.47 0.723955 2016-Sep-04 00:00:00 m 244.60995 -6.65824 1035.150 679.50 2469.62 0.701261 2016-Sep-05 00:00:00 m 246.86505 -4.03808 1207.404 798.50 2902.11 0.674564 2016-Sep-06 00:00:00 m 249.42177 -1.03530 1410.976 949.13 3449.55 0.642793 2016-Sep-07 00:00:00 m 252.33633 2.39961 1647.803 1136.53 4130.68 0.604667 2016-Sep-08 00:00:00 m 255.67508 6.30608 1916.047 1362.52 4952.02 0.558763 2016-Sep-09 00:00:00 m 259.51423 10.69828 2207.149 1621.26 5892.39 0.503712 2016-Sep-10 00:00:00 m 263.93711 15.54374 2502.773 1893.99 6883.63 0.438590 2016-Sep-11 00:00:00 m 269.02685 20.73948 2773.743 2145.81 7798.84 0.363468 2016-Sep-12 00:00:00 m 274.85166 26.09662 2984.002 2329.90 8467.91 0.279978 2016-Sep-13 00:00:00 m 281.44040 31.34942 3100.909 2402.78 8732.78 0.191523 2016-Sep-14 00:00:00 m 288.75040 36.19841 3107.880 2344.32 8520.34 0.102852 2016-Sep-15 00:00:00 m 296.63798 40.37810 3011.088 2168.06 7879.72 0.020858 2016-Sep-16 00:00:00 m 304.85220 43.71948 2835.315 1913.03 6952.80 0.059824 2016-Sep-17 00:00:00 m 313.06971 46.17797 2612.742 1624.84 5905.42 0.125531 2016-Sep-18 00:00:00 m 320.96502 47.81888 2372.524 1340.26 4871.10 0.180882 2016-Sep-19 00:00:00 328.28187 48.77541 2135.621 1081.52 3930.74 0.226131 2016-Sep-20 00:00:00 334.87059 49.20312 1914.412 858.27 3119.35 0.262379 2016-Sep-21 00:00:00 340.68379 49.24742 1714.648 671.96 2442.20 0.290951
Apparent Magnitudes, Solar Elongations, Lunar Elongations, and Lunar Illumination: Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(J2000.0)_DEC. APmag delta S-O-T /r T-O-M/Illu% 2016-Sep-01 00:00:00 239.22414 -12.71003 17.07 0.08550029672089 80.8621 /T 86.0/ 0.2 2016-Sep-02 00:00:00 240.82501 -10.94976 16.94 0.08045248098946 81.1345 /T 74.7/ 0.3 2016-Sep-03 00:00:00 242.60957 -8.94642 16.80 0.07553552387607 81.5899 /T 63.9/ 2.4 2016-Sep-04 00:00:00 m 244.60995 -6.65824 16.64 0.07078222415148 82.2664 /T 53.7/ 6.4 2016-Sep-05 00:00:00 m 246.86505 -4.03808 16.47 0.06623325450357 83.2090 /T 44.3/ 11.9 2016-Sep-06 00:00:00 m 249.42177 -1.03530 16.28 0.06193896255991 84.4698 /T 36.3/ 18.8 2016-Sep-07 00:00:00 m 252.33633 2.39961 16.08 0.05796114973740 86.1051 /T 30.5/ 26.8 2016-Sep-08 00:00:00 m 255.67508 6.30608 15.87 0.05437430779491 88.1693 /T 28.1/ 35.6 2016-Sep-09 00:00:00 m 259.51423 10.69828 15.65 0.05126534339567 90.7045 /T 29.6/ 45.1 2016-Sep-10 00:00:00 m 263.93711 15.54374 15.44 0.04873033150341 93.7228 /T 34.2/ 54.8 2016-Sep-11 00:00:00 m 269.02685 20.73948 15.24 0.04686673342526 97.1866 /T 40.3/ 64.6 2016-Sep-12 00:00:00 m 274.85166 26.09662 15.06 0.04576056518878 100.9934 /T 46.7/ 74.1 2016-Sep-13 00:00:00 m 281.44040 31.34942 14.92 0.04547071459888 104.9792 /T 52.6/ 82.8 2016-Sep-14 00:00:00 m 288.75040 36.19841 14.82 0.04601585844661 108.9471 /T 57.3/ 90.2 2016-Sep-15 00:00:00 m 296.63798 40.37810 14.78 0.04737013505632 112.7129 /T 60.5/ 95.9 2016-Sep-16 00:00:00 m 304.85220 43.71948 14.77 0.04946986593144 116.1456 /T 62.4/ 99.2 2016-Sep-17 00:00:00 m 313.06971 46.17797 14.81 0.05222780244569 119.1831 /T 63.4/ 99.9 2016-Sep-18 00:00:00 m 320.96502 47.81888 14.87 0.05554852683904 121.8237 /T 64.0/ 97.7 2016-Sep-19 00:00:00 328.28187 48.77541 14.95 0.05934021819966 124.1044 /T 64.9/ 92.7 2016-Sep-20 00:00:00 334.87059 49.20312 15.05 0.06352133083376 126.0801 /T 66.8/ 85.2 2016-Sep-21 00:00:00 340.68379 49.24742 15.15 0.06802306778937 127.8084 /T 70.0/ 76.0 2016-Sep-22 00:00:00 345.74761 49.02786 15.26 0.07278924410085 129.3414 /T 74.5/ 65.4 2016-Sep-23 00:00:00 350.12924 48.63503 15.37 0.07777489036503 130.7233 /T 80.1/ 54.4 2016-Sep-24 00:00:00 353.91199 48.13395 15.48 0.08294445183214 131.9891 /T 86.7/ 43.4 2016-Sep-25 00:00:00 357.18005 47.56961 15.59 0.08827002597994 133.1664 /T 94.0/ 32.9 2016-Sep-26 00:00:00 0.01076 46.97229 15.70 0.09372982262680 134.2761 /T 101.7/ 23.5 2016-Sep-27 00:00:00 2.47173 46.36193 15.80 0.09930689339107 135.3341 /T 109.6/ 15.3 2016-Sep-28 00:00:00 4.62038 45.75132 15.90 0.10498811500718 136.3522 /T 117.5/ 8.8
Setups
CW setup: --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TX polarization RCP RCV polarization LCP & RCP Frequency hops: no hopping Bandwidth: 5000 Hz TXoffset +500 Hz FFT for PFS files: 10,000 for 0.5 Hz resolution Ranging setups: --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10-usec baud 10 usec code 127 PRP 1270 usec FFT 128 ncoh 1 bandwidth 787 Hz resolution 6.15 Hz TXOFF +100 Hz (echo in col 81) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11-usec baud 11 usec code 127 PRP 1397 usec FFT 128 ncoh 1 bandwidth 716 Hz resolution 5.6 Hz TXOFF +100 Hz (echo in bin 82) ---------------------------------------------------------------------
Instructions
NOTE: Data should be moved to the appropriate subdirectories in aardvark:/export/data0/2016lx48/raw/
POINTING:
OSOD and predicts will be on aardvark: ...not available yet... POINTING TX Offsets Date (UTC) DOY hhmmss RA Dec Macro LHA Dec RTT OSOD ... to be added ... Transmit offsets are given in millidegrees.
PRDX.OUT.14f-14-14.?? TRANSMITTER: STATION #14, RECEIVER: STATION #14 RECEIVER U.T. RANGE DOPPLER LHA DEC RA EL
2016 LX48 GOLDSTONE MASTERLOG
============================================================================== Receive TX Setup hops dwell code ncoh FFT runs start -stop OSOD offset Poln Notes ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dr. Lance A. M. Benner | PHONE: (818) 354-7412 Mail Stop 183-601 | FAX: (818) 393-4445 Jet Propulsion Laboratory | email: lance.benner@jpl.nasa.gov California Institute of Technology | Plan: To live long and prosper Pasadena, CA 91109-8099 http://echo.jpl.nasa.gov/asteroids/2016LX48/2016LX48_planning.html
Asteroid Radar Astronomy
*************************************************************************************************************