Goldstone Radar Observations Planning: (285571) 2000 PQ9, 2008 GO20, and 2018 LM4


Background


(285571) 2000 PQ9    
2000 PQ9 was discovered in August, 2000 by LINEAR.  Its absolute magnitude of 18.1 suggests
a diameter of roughly 800 meters but otherwise its physical properties are unknown.  

2000 PQ9 will approach within 0.067 au on 2021 July 21.  We expect moderately strong SNRs
suitable for CW observations, ranging, and perhaps coarse-resolution imaging.
Time at Goldstone is scheduled on July 23 and 24.

2000 PQ9 will well-positioned for optical observations in June, July, and August, when it
will reach 13th magnitude at favorable solar elongations.  The rotation period is unknown, 
so photometric observations would be very welcome. 


2008 GO20
2008 GO20 will approach within 0.028 au (10.9 lunar distances) on 2021 July 26.
Nothing is known about its physical properties other than its absolute magnitude of
22.2, which suggests a diameter of about 110 meters.  

The nominal close approach is at 0.028 au, but the 3-sigma limits indicate that the approach
could be within 0.018 au or as distant as 0.038 au.  As such, depending on the close approach
distance, it could be a radar target strong enough for imaging or, conversely, too distant to detect.

As of 2021 May 25, the pointing and orbital uncertainties are large for this object so any astrometry
would be greatly appreciated!   

2008 GO20 will linger near 22nd magnitude until mid-July when it gets too close to the Sun for
optical astrometry.   The best time to obtain astrometry is in the first 2 1/2 weeks of June, 
when the solar elongations exceed 75 degrees, the Moon is between last quarter and first quarter,
when the 3-sigma pointing uncertainties are somewhat manageable (2300 - 5000 arcseconds), 
and the visual magnitude is about 21.9 (which may be as bright as this object gets before the flyby).

Update on 2021 July 21:
This object has been recovered using astrometry obtained at Pan-STARRS 1 in March-May 2021.
3-sigma pointing uncertainties are now ~25 arcseconds and small enough for the radar observations
to occur.  The close approach distance will be 0.030 au.

Update on 2021 July 26:
Goldstone echoes obtained on July 24 have a relatively narrow bandwidth of about 1 - 2 Hz that
suggests a rotation period significantly slower than 0.5 h.


2018 LM4
2018 LM4 was discovered on June 11, 2018 by the Mt. Lemmon Survey.  This object has
an absolute magnitude of 18.8, suggesting a diameter within a factor of two of 550 meters,
and a slow rotation period of 40.6 hours (Warner et al. 2021). The lightcurves reveal an
amplitude of 0.2 magnitudes and suggest that the shape has a low elongation.  

2018 LM4 will make a relatively distant flyby within about 0.082 au on August 6, and the
view periods overlap time previously scheduled for 2008 GO20 on three days while the asteroid
is inbound, but not on the dates when the SNRs will be strongest.  2018 LM4 SNRs
should be strong enough for CW observations and ranging but probably not for delay-Doppler
imaging.  

This asteroid will reach 14th magnitude in early August while at solar elongations exceeding
160 degrees for a few days, providing an excellent opportunity for phometry, vis-IR spectroscopy, and 
possibly infrared radiometry.  



Orbital and Physical Characteristics  
Name                     2000 PQ9       2008 GO20           2018 LM4
Asteroid number          285571         not numbered        not numbered       
Discoverer               LINEAR         Mt. Lemmon Survey   Mt. Lemmon Survey
Discovery date           2000 Aug  9    2008 Apr  9         2018 Jun 11
Orbit type               Amor           Apollo              Apollo
Close approach distance  0.0672 au      0.030 au            0.0818 au
Close approach distance  26.1 LD        11.7 LD             31.8 LD
Close approach date      2021 Jul 21    2021 Jul 25         2021 Aug  6

semimajor axis           1.904 au       1.893 au            1.109 au
eccentricity             0.432          0.491               0.201
inclination              13.5 deg       2.2 deg             32.2 deg
Orbital period           2.63 years     2.60 y              1.028 y
perihelion distance      1.081 au       0.964 au            0.814 au
aphelion distance        2.727 au       2.822 au            1.224 au
MOID                     0.066 au       0.0087 au           0.080 au

absolute magnitude (H)   18.1           22.2                18.8
diameter                ~0.8 km        ~0.12 km            ~0.55 km  Warner et al. 2021
optical albedo           unknown        unknown             unknown
rotation period          unknown        unknown             40.6 h
lightcurve amplitude     unknown        unknown             0.17     Warner et al. 2021
spectral class           unknown        unknown             unknown
PHA?                     No             No                  No

Last update: 2021 July 30


Discovery M.P.E.C.


2000 PQ9
https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K00/K00P50.html

2008 GO20
https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K08/K08G66.html

2018 LM4
https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K18/K18L75.html


SNR Calculations

Goldstone SNRs
2000 PQ9
2000 PQ9:  D = 0.76 km,  P = 2.2 h,  OC albedo = 0.1

w  DOY   start date    window      RA, dec   dist  runs  SNR/day SNR/run
28 198  2021 Jul 17  06:30-08:53  293, -33  0.071    60     25      3
28 199  2021 Jul 18  05:44-09:42  294, -29  0.070   102     37      4
29 200  2021 Jul 19  05:13-10:16  296, -25  0.069   132     48      4
29 201  2021 Jul 20  04:48-10:43  297, -21  0.068   157     57      5 
29 202  2021 Jul 21  04:28-11:05  298, -16  0.067   177     65      5 
29 203  2021 Jul 22  04:10-11:25  299, -12  0.067   194     70      6 
29 204  2021 Jul 23  03:54-11:42  301,  -8  0.068   207     73      6  Scheduled
29 205  2021 Jul 24  03:40-11:57  302,  -4  0.069   218     73      5  Scheduled
29 206  2021 Jul 25  03:27-12:10  303,   0  0.070   225     70      5 
30 207  2021 Jul 26  03:15-12:21  304,  +4  0.071   230     66      5 
30 208  2021 Jul 27  03:05-12:32  305,  +8  0.073   232     61      4
30 209  2021 Jul 28  02:55-12:41  306, +11  0.076   232     55      4
30 210  2021 Jul 29  02:46-12:49  307, +14  0.078   231     49      3
30 211  2021 Jul 30  02:38-12:56  307, +17  0.081   229     43      3
30 212  2021 Jul 31  02:30-13:02  308, +20  0.084   225     37      3
30 213  2021 Aug 01  02:23-13:08  309, +22  0.087   221     32      2
31 214  2021 Aug 02  02:16-13:13  310, +25  0.091   217     27      2


2008 GO20 2008 GO20: D = 0.11 km, P = 0.5 h, OC albedo = 0.1 JPL/Horizons solution 18: w DOY start date window RA, dec dist runs SNR/day SNR/run 29 203-204 2021 Jul 22-23 15:32-01:40 133, +18 0.035 537 33 2 29 204-205 2021 Jul 23-24 15:02-01:08 126, +18 0.032 588 48 2 29 205-206 2021 Jul 24-25 14:27-00:31 118, +18 0.029 636 65 3 Scheduled 1600-2100 29 206 2021 Jul 25 13:49-23:48 109, +17 0.027 675 84 3 Scheduled 1450-1620 30 207 2021 Jul 26 13:08-23:01 99, +16 0.026 697 99 4 30 208 2021 Jul 27 12:26-22:11 89, +14 0.026 695 100 4 Scheduled 1225-1720 30 209 2021 Jul 28 11:47-21:22 78, +12 0.027 668 94 4 30 210 2021 Jul 29 11:11-20:36 69, +10 0.028 624 76 3 30 211 2021 Jul 30 10:39-19:55 61, +8 0.030 570 57 3 Scheduled 1220-1430; Overlaps 2018 LM4 30 212 2021 Jul 31 10:13-19:19 54, +6 0.033 515 41 2 30 213 2021 Aug 01 09:50-18:48 48, +4 0.036 463 28 1 JPL/Horizons solution 23: 2008 GO20: D = 0.11 km, P = 0.5 h, OC albedo = 0.1 start date window RA, dec dist runs SNR/day SNR/run 2021 Jul 20-21 15:24-01:46 131, +20 0.038 497 20 1 2021 Jul 21-22 14:55-01:16 124, +20 0.036 536 27 1 2021 Jul 22-23 14:23-00:43 117, +20 0.033 573 35 2 Scheduled 2021 Jul 23-24 13:48-00:04 109, +20 0.032 602 43 2 Tracks 2021 Jul 24 13:11-23:23 100, +19 0.031 619 49 2 1600-2100 2021 Jul 25 12:33-22:39 91, +18 0.030 620 51 2 1450-1620 2021 Jul 26 11:58-21:55 82, +16 0.031 604 49 2 2021 Jul 27 11:25-21:14 74, +15 0.032 575 42 2 1225-1720 2021 Jul 28 10:55-20:35 66, +13 0.033 536 34 2 1220-1430 2021 Jul 29 10:30-20:00 59, +11 0.035 494 26 1 2021 Jul 30 10:07-19:29 54, +9 0.038 452 20 1 1055-1535 The solution 23 flyby is more distant than the solution 18 flyby and the SNRs are about 1/2 to 1/3 of previous estimates.
2018 LM4 2018 LM4: D = 0.55 km, P = 40.6 h, OC albedo = 0.1 start date window RA, dec dist runs SNR/day SNR/run 2021 Jul 27 03:25-13:31 316, +15 0.126 145 17 2 Overlaps 2008 GO20 2021 Jul 28 03:26-13:17 315, +12 0.119 150 21 2 Overlaps 2008 GO20 2021 Jul 29 03:28-13:01 314, +9 0.112 154 27 2 2021 Jul 30 03:31-12:43 314, +6 0.105 158 33 3 Overlaps 2008 GO20 2021 Jul 31 03:36-12:24 313, +2 0.100 160 40 3 2021 Aug 1 03:42-12:01 312, -3 0.094 159 48 4 2021 Aug 2 03:52-11:35 311, -8 0.090 155 54 5 2021 Aug 3 04:05-11:03 310, -14 0.086 146 59 5 2021 Aug 4 04:24-10:25 308, -20 0.084 130 58 6 2021 Aug 5 04:53-09:35 307, -26 0.082 103 51 5 2021 Aug 6 05:49-08:16 305, -32 0.082 54 34 5 After August 6, this object moves too far south for Goldstone to track.

Track Assignments


DOY    BOA   BOT   EOT   EOA
204    0345  0515  0645  0715  GSSR Ast 2000 PQ9
205    0210  0340  0625  0655  GSSR Ast 2000 PQ9
205    1430  1600  2100  2130  GSSR Ast 2008 GO20
206    1310  1450  1620  1650  GSSR Ast 2008 GO20
208    1055  1225  1720  1750  GSSR Ast 2008 GO20 & 2018 LM4
209    1050  1220  1430  1450  GSSR Ast 2008 GO20 & 2018 LM4
211    0925  1055  1535  1605  GSSR Ast 2008 GO20 & 2018 LM4

Goldstone tracks:
        UT                   UT         PDT                 Duration Round-trip     
DOY     Date                 TX Window  TX Window           hh:mm    time (sec)   SNR/run  Observer
204     Jul 23    2000 PQ9   0515-0645  2215-2345 Jul 22     1:30        68          6     LB

205     Jul 24    2000 PQ9   0340-0625  2040-2325 Jul 23     2:45        69          5     SN 

205     Jul 24    2008 GO20  1600-2100  0900-1400 Jul 24     5:00        29          3     LB

206     Jul 25    2008 GO20  1450-1620  0750-0920 Jul 25     1:30        27          3     MB

208     Jul 27    2008 GO20  1225-1720  0525-1020 Jul 27     4:55        26          4     MB
208     Jul 27    2018 LM4   1225-1330  0525-0630 Jul 27     1:05       126          2     Try to start early

209     Jul 28    2008 GO20  1220-1430  0520-0730 Jul 28     2:10        27          3     MB
209     Jul 28    2018 LM4   1220-1315  0520-0615 Jul 28     0:55       119          2     Try to start early

211     Jul 30    2008 GO20  1055-1535  0355-0835 Jul 30     4:40        30          3     SN
211     Jul 30    2018 LM4   1055-1240  0355-0540 Jul 30     1:45       105          3     Try to start early 

Other targets that overlap 2008 GO20:
2018 LM4  Probably strong enough to detect; overlaps GO20 on July 27, 28, and 30
2021 OF   Possibly very weak; overlaps GO20 on July 25, 27, and 28.
2021 NA8  Possibly very weak; overlaps GO20 on July 24.  Waxing Moon will be a problem for obtaining astrometry. 



Uncertainties

2000 PQ9
JPL/Horizons solution 42, # obs: 695 (2000-2021)
2021 July 22
 Date__(UT)__HR:MN     R.A._(a-appar)_DEC.            delta POS_3sigma  DOP_S_3sig  DOP_X_3sig  RT_delay_3sig
 2021-Jul-19 00:00 *m  295.30511 -26.00867 0.06892090298599      0.502        0.28        1.02       0.000277
 2021-Jul-20 00:00 *m  296.59624 -21.91943 0.06793947988555      0.522        0.28        1.03       0.000278
 2021-Jul-21 00:00 *m  297.84586 -17.72530 0.06737604498528      0.545        0.29        1.05       0.000279
 2021-Jul-22 00:00 *   299.05337 -13.48160 0.06723973597084      0.571        0.29        1.07       0.000279
 2021-Jul-23 00:00 *   300.21845  -9.24684 0.06753170541444      0.600        0.30        1.09       0.000278 *
 2021-Jul-24 00:00 *   301.34103  -5.07840 0.06824496953864      0.628        0.31        1.12       0.000276 *
 2021-Jul-25 00:00 *   302.42135  -1.02848 0.06936499625922      0.655        0.31        1.14       0.000273
 2021-Jul-26 00:00 *   303.45987   2.85920 0.07087091329020      0.679        0.32        1.15       0.000269
 2021-Jul-27 00:00 *   304.45730   6.55118 0.07273710857380      0.699        0.32        1.15       0.000265

JPL/Horizons solution 40, # obs: 253 (2000-2021)
2021 July 20
 Date__(UT)__HR:MN     R.A._(a-appar)_DEC.            delta POS_3sigma  DOP_S_3sig  DOP_X_3sig  RT_delay_3sig
 2021-Jul-19 00:00 *m  295.30509 -26.00866 0.06892091025642      0.827        0.40        1.47       0.000327
 2021-Jul-20 00:00 *m  296.59622 -21.91941 0.06793948819814      0.865        0.42        1.54       0.000326
 2021-Jul-21 00:00 *m  297.84584 -17.72529 0.06737605431417      0.903        0.44        1.60       0.000324
 2021-Jul-22 00:00 *   299.05335 -13.48159 0.06723974626874      0.938        0.45        1.65       0.000320
 2021-Jul-23 00:00 *   300.21843  -9.24682 0.06753171661473      0.970        0.46        1.69       0.000317 *
 2021-Jul-24 00:00 *   301.34101  -5.07839 0.06824498155943      0.998        0.47        1.71       0.000312 *
 2021-Jul-25 00:00 *   302.42133  -1.02847 0.06936500900849      1.020        0.47        1.71       0.000307
 2021-Jul-26 00:00 *   303.45985   2.85921 0.07087092667139      1.036        0.46        1.69       0.000302
 2021-Jul-27 00:00 *   304.45728   6.55118 0.07273712249090      1.046        0.45        1.65       0.000297

JPL/Horizons solution 27, # obs: 191 (2000-2021)
2021 May 20
 Date__(UT)__HR:MN     R.A._(a-appar)_DEC.            delta POS_3sigma  DOP_S_3sig  DOP_X_3sig  RT_delay_3sig
 2021-Jul-19 00:00 *m  295.30560 -26.00783 0.06892087716734     20.956        6.27       22.80       0.001584
 2021-Jul-20 00:00 *m  296.59672 -21.91857 0.06793953042475     21.437        6.71       24.38       0.001396
 2021-Jul-21 00:00 *m  297.84632 -17.72445 0.06737617275101     21.778        7.04       25.59       0.001209
 2021-Jul-22 00:00 *   299.05382 -13.48076 0.06723994030752     21.960        7.24       26.33       0.001036
 2021-Jul-23 00:00 *   300.21887  -9.24601 0.06753198412729     21.975        7.31       26.56       0.000894 *
 2021-Jul-24 00:00 *   301.34145  -5.07761 0.06824531902064     21.826        7.23       26.27       0.000806 *
 2021-Jul-25 00:00 *   302.42175  -1.02773 0.06936541173866     21.526        7.02       25.53       0.000789
 2021-Jul-26 00:00 *   303.46026   2.85991 0.07087138915501     21.096        6.71       24.40       0.000841
 2021-Jul-27 00:00 *   304.45767   6.55184 0.07273763871939     20.561        6.32       22.99       0.000941


2008 GO20 JPL/Horizons solution 23, # obs: 82 (2008-2021) 2021 July 21 Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(a-appar)_DEC. delta POS_3sigma DOP_S_3sig DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2021-Jul-13 00:00 *m 156.66257 16.58628 0.06904990153623 8.543 3.24 11.77 0.002971 2021-Jul-14 00:00 *m 154.87363 16.94348 0.06466730945140 9.488 3.75 13.64 0.002853 2021-Jul-15 00:00 *m 152.79076 17.33925 0.06036746713348 10.582 4.38 15.91 0.002715 2021-Jul-16 00:00 *m 150.35345 17.77403 0.05617067199047 11.850 5.14 18.69 0.002554 2021-Jul-17 00:00 *m 147.48697 18.24529 0.05210257026127 13.318 6.08 22.10 0.002362 2021-Jul-18 00:00 *m 144.10004 18.74507 0.04819585554350 15.008 7.23 26.27 0.002134 2021-Jul-19 00:00 *m 140.08403 19.25618 0.04449239130552 16.930 8.63 31.35 0.001862 2021-Jul-20 00:00 *m 135.31601 19.74648 0.04104565355145 19.061 10.29 37.39 0.001535 2021-Jul-21 00:00 *m 129.67027 20.16152 0.03792305833737 21.319 12.18 44.28 0.001146 2021-Jul-22 00:00 * 123.04493 20.41774 0.03520708111980 23.524 14.18 51.55 0.000694 2021-Jul-23 00:00 * 115.40932 20.40238 0.03299307867798 25.365 16.01 58.18 0.000246 2021-Jul-24 00:00 * 106.86637 19.99080 0.03138092943333 26.424 17.22 62.57 0.000520 2021-Jul-25 00:00 * 97.69911 19.08874 0.03045863582234 26.291 17.35 63.05 0.001121 2021-Jul-26 00:00 * 88.34994 17.68597 0.03028075839982 24.785 16.18 58.79 0.001726 2021-Jul-27 00:00 * 79.31104 15.88137 0.03085125770083 22.096 13.91 50.55 0.002275 2021-Jul-28 00:00 * 70.98257 13.84999 0.03212143518704 18.719 11.09 40.32 0.002734 2021-Jul-29 00:00 * 63.58904 11.77478 0.03400456012877 15.206 8.30 30.17 0.003092 2021-Jul-30 00:00 * 57.18501 9.79341 0.03639788318782 11.966 5.89 21.41 0.003355 2021-Jul-31 00:00 * 51.71173 7.98318 0.03920115168135 9.203 3.99 14.49 0.003539 JPL/Horizons solution 21, # obs: 68 (204 days) 2021 Jul 13 Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(a-appar)_DEC. delta POS_3sigma DOP_S_3sig DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2021-Jul-13 00:00 *m 154.23120 17.65804 0.06600261722045 18555.016 8245.15 29966.63 5.708757 2021-Jul-14 00:00 *m 152.12822 18.08994 0.06176720360918 20735.715 9527.23 34626.27 5.403573 2021-Jul-15 00:00 *m 149.67928 18.56187 0.05763816668713 23237.868 11077.35 40260.12 5.048717 2021-Jul-16 00:00 *m 146.81502 19.07082 0.05364099804849 26100.895 12954.58 47082.82 4.633447 2021-Jul-17 00:00 *m 143.45219 19.60833 0.04980777014822 29352.476 15220.43 55317.95 4.144717 2021-Jul-18 00:00 *m 139.49360 20.15697 0.04617893463630 32990.452 17925.02 65147.65 3.567236 2021-Jul-19 00:00 *m 134.83198 20.68526 0.04280528590923 36951.788 21077.61 76605.61 2.884264 2021-Jul-20 00:00 *m 129.36099 21.14145 0.03974966403585 41065.720 24593.75 89384.86 2.079843 2021-Jul-21 00:00 *m 122.99865 21.44819 0.03708745731739 44997.078 28218.46 102558.67 1.143434 2021-Jul-22 00:00 * 115.72627 21.50314 0.03490426831744 48208.627 31453.37 114315.83 0.077496 2021-Jul-23 00:00 * 107.63741 21.19358 0.03328867086437 50004.642 33568.73 122004.01 1.093250 2021-Jul-24 00:00 * 98.97331 20.43050 0.03231890307184 49722.634 33808.40 122875.06 2.315886 2021-Jul-25 00:00 * 90.10781 19.19228 0.03204570883632 47045.753 31780.06 115503.16 3.514338 2021-Jul-26 00:00 * 81.46516 17.54933 0.03247814558363 42236.215 27763.62 100905.60 4.608480 2021-Jul-27 00:00 * 73.40803 15.64497 0.03358026534324 36064.527 22613.38 82187.27 5.538372 2021-Jul-28 00:00 * 66.16172 13.64352 0.03528086492976 29466.600 17309.28 62909.79 6.278315 2021-Jul-29 00:00 * 59.80615 11.68186 0.03749057380106 23202.668 12553.54 45625.27 6.834265 2021-Jul-30 00:00 * 54.31430 9.84812 0.04011800789979 17717.217 8657.36 31464.78 7.231252 2021-Jul-31 00:00 * 49.60079 8.18481 0.04308023389090 13181.023 5642.08 20505.90 7.500669 JPL/Horizons solution 19, # obs: 50 (124 days) 2021 May 25 Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(a-appar)_DEC. delta POS_3sigma DOP_S_3sig DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2021-Jul-13 00:00 159.52760 15.28425 0.07333518020628 41276.424 15073.45 54783.76 17.410820 2021-Jul-14 00:00 158.09963 15.54530 0.06878948175463 45943.968 17250.47 62696.04 16.825264 2021-Jul-15 00:00 156.43849 15.83900 0.06430140368587 51346.706 19896.75 72313.82 16.152503 2021-Jul-16 00:00 154.49594 16.16774 0.05988562977441 57629.704 23147.26 84127.66 15.373159 2021-Jul-17 00:00 152.21117 16.53285 0.05556064669160 64962.243 27177.77 98776.36 14.462242 2021-Jul-18 00:00 149.50749 16.93345 0.05135007934178 73531.860 32212.49 117074.79 13.387517 2021-Jul-19 00:00 146.28863 17.36425 0.04728450825802 83524.355 38524.92 140017.04 12.107699 2021-Jul-20 00:00 142.43559 17.81204 0.04340389085999 95074.939 46417.78 168703.29 10.570929 2021-Jul-21 00:00 137.80626 18.24988 0.03976063297671 108165.107 56151.61 204080.42 8.714789 2021-Jul-22 00:00 132.24264 18.62865 0.03642308198874 122430.493 67767.84 246299.08 6.470618 2021-Jul-23 00:00 125.59453 18.86727 0.03347850859423 136858.728 80740.22 293446.60 3.777210 2021-Jul-24 00:00 117.77118 18.84720 0.03103325250977 149450.740 93467.71 339704.09 0.610385 2021-Jul-25 00:00 108.82412 18.42506 0.02920586773089 157160.758 102939.38 374128.42 2.970394 2021-Jul-26 00:00 99.03127 17.47904 0.02810881109503 156680.655 105383.49 383011.44 6.778221 2021-Jul-27 00:00 88.90550 15.98170 0.02781956166153 146244.177 98420.58 357705.06 10.506466 2021-Jul-28 00:00 79.06602 14.04456 0.02835358034220 127213.873 83234.18 302510.79 13.823143 2021-Jul-29 00:00 70.03303 11.87997 0.02965743895548 103611.987 64089.46 232930.18 16.501653 2021-Jul-30 00:00 62.09423 9.70654 0.03162773169610 79864.815 45483.44 165307.47 18.483634 2021-Jul-31 00:00 55.30888 7.67766 0.03414180797975 58970.560 30018.92 109102.39 19.842717
2018 LM4 JPL/Horizons solution 74, # obs: 332 (2018-2021) 2021 July 26 Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(a-appar)_DEC. delta POS_3sigma DOP_S_3sig DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2021-Jul-25 00:00 * 316.81168 20.77246 0.14407619110874 0.472 0.36 1.32 0.000373 2021-Jul-26 00:00 * 316.32626 18.64009 0.13617476464483 0.501 0.38 1.37 0.000366 2021-Jul-27 00:00 * 315.78998 16.22801 0.12852498369069 0.533 0.40 1.45 0.000358 2021-Jul-28 00:00 * 315.19687 13.49578 0.12117606545599 0.570 0.42 1.54 0.000350 2021-Jul-29 00:00 * 314.53995 10.39931 0.11418720371072 0.611 0.46 1.66 0.000341 2021-Jul-30 00:00 * 313.81106 6.89280 0.10762908844951 0.657 0.50 1.81 0.000332 2021-Jul-31 00:00 * 313.00054 2.93250 0.10158503244195 0.707 0.55 1.99 0.000321 2021-Aug-01 00:00 * 312.09692 -1.51693 0.09615109812694 0.762 0.61 2.21 0.000310 2021-Aug-02 00:00 * 311.08645 -6.47310 0.09143431539792 0.819 0.67 2.45 0.000297 2021-Aug-03 00:00 * 309.95260 -11.92399 0.08754788575904 0.877 0.75 2.71 0.000283 2021-Aug-04 00:00 * 308.67528 -17.81572 0.08460249154022 0.931 0.82 2.97 0.000268 2021-Aug-05 00:00 *m 307.22994 -24.04485 0.08269385022124 0.976 0.87 3.18 0.000253 2021-Aug-06 00:00 *m 305.58642 -30.46075 0.08188853555515 1.009 0.91 3.31 0.000238 2021-Aug-07 00:00 *m 303.70739 -36.88148 0.08221203102021 1.026 0.92 3.34 0.000224
Apparent Magnitudes, Solar Elongations, Lunar Elongations, and Lunar Illumination: 2000 PQ9 Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(a-appar)_DEC. delta APmag S-brt S-O-T /r T-O-M/MN_Illu% 2021-Jun-17 00:00 251.88052 -69.69808 0.20126254512538 16.521 n.a. 132.9555 /T 100.3/ 37.6073 2021-Jun-19 00:00 253.49977 -69.51580 0.19084212622538 16.397 n.a. 133.1233 /T 81.8/ 59.4246 2021-Jun-21 00:00 255.34417 -69.21478 0.18054892774739 16.265 n.a. 133.3988 /T 63.2/ 80.4175 2021-Jun-23 00:00 257.42016 -68.77428 0.17038628432156 16.125 n.a. 133.8045 /T 48.3/ 95.3794 2021-Jun-25 00:00 259.72623 -68.16803 0.16036233467805 15.976 n.a. 134.3669 /T 43.9/ 99.8874 2021-Jun-27 00:00 262.25222 -67.36288 0.15049166148040 15.817 n.a. 135.1187 /T 53.0/ 93.0860 2021-Jun-29 00:00 264.97949 -66.31730 0.14079669416523 15.645 n.a. 136.0997 /T 69.1/ 77.9701 2021-Jul-01 00:00 267.88135 -64.97988 0.13130897955233 15.459 n.a. 137.3588 /T 87.1/ 58.8627 2021-Jul-03 00:00 270.92347 -63.28760 0.12207101632369 15.258 n.a. 138.9557 /T 105.1/ 39.3365 2021-Jul-05 00:00 274.06513 -61.16393 0.11313917114450 15.040 n.a. 140.9634 /T 122.5/ 21.9149 2021-Jul-07 00:00 277.26142 -58.51732 0.10458778670816 14.803 n.a. 143.4695 /T 138.6/ 8.5768 2021-Jul-09 00:00 280.46627 -55.24123 0.09651436601973 14.546 n.a. 146.5763 /T 150.1/ 1.1144 2021-Jul-11 00:00 283.63563 -51.21819 0.08904539035583 14.267 n.a. 150.3967 /T 149.0/ 1.0225 2021-Jul-13 00:00 286.73019 -46.33169 0.08234147291878 13.966 n.a. 155.0410 /T 134.8/ 9.0127 2021-Jul-15 00:00 289.71731 -40.49180 0.07659880955442 13.644 n.a. 160.5874 /T 114.2/ 24.4990 2021-Jul-17 00:00 292.57180 -33.67831 0.07204138310292 13.298 n.a. 167.0207 /T 90.7/ 45.3390 2021-Jul-19 00:00 295.27574 -25.99517 0.06889697916635 12.919 n.a. 174.0172 /T 65.6/ 67.8341 2021-Jul-21 00:00 297.81763 -17.70879 0.06735441267325 12.756 n.a. 176.1996 /T 40.3/ 87.0794 2021-Jul-23 00:00 300.19134 -9.22786 0.06751295244627 13.081 n.a. 168.9181 /T 20.5/ 98.2474 2021-Jul-25 00:00 302.39535 -1.00799 0.06934949829605 13.397 n.a. 161.2405 /T 25.1/ 98.7897 2021-Jul-27 00:00 304.43234 6.57216 0.07272497222812 13.707 n.a. 154.1391 /T 44.3/ 89.6468 2021-Jul-29 00:00 306.30870 13.28794 0.07742555594478 14.013 n.a. 147.8966 /T 63.4/ 74.0388 2021-Jul-31 00:00 308.03354 19.06986 0.08321337871333 14.307 n.a. 142.5953 /T 80.3/ 55.4231 2021-Aug-02 00:00 309.61769 23.95709 0.08986439440015 14.586 n.a. 138.1990 /T 94.9/ 36.5502 2021-Aug-04 00:00 311.07284 28.04455 0.09718713095472 14.845 n.a. 134.6128 /T 107.3/ 19.6411 2021-Aug-06 00:00 312.41100 31.44461 0.10502700197359 15.085 n.a. 131.7228 /T 117.2/ 6.8670 2021-Aug-08 00:00 313.64414 34.26598 0.11326308498526 15.305 n.a. 129.4186 /T 123.4/ 0.5108 2021-Aug-10 00:00 314.78394 36.60469 0.12180225421075 15.506 n.a. 127.6022 /T 124.3/ 2.4962 2021-Aug-12 00:00 315.84153 38.54180 0.13057318140576 15.690 n.a. 126.1903 /T 119.1/ 13.4305 2021-Aug-14 00:00 316.82712 40.14421 0.13952121970294 15.859 n.a. 125.1142 /T 109.1/ 31.8473 2021-Aug-16 00:00 317.74968 41.46637 0.14860444095186 16.015 n.a. 124.3170 /T 96.4/ 54.2660 2021-Aug-18 00:00 318.61680 42.55231 0.15779075746231 16.158 n.a. 123.7528 /T 83.1/ 75.9665 2021-Aug-20 00:00 319.43480 43.43738 0.16705593481056 16.290 n.a. 123.3838 /T 71.2/ 92.1689 2021-Aug-22 00:00 320.20910 44.14984 0.17638227289320 16.413 n.a. 123.1795 /T 63.0/ 99.5134 2021-Aug-24 00:00 320.94473 44.71227 0.18575769177049 16.528 n.a. 123.1148 /T 60.4/ 97.2183 2021-Aug-26 00:00 321.64665 45.14285 0.19517495886563 16.635 n.a. 123.1693 /T 63.6/ 86.9052 Excellent target for photometry: 13th magnitude, visible in small telescopes, and an unusually long apparition.
2008 GO20 JPL/Horizons solution 19 Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(a-appar)_DEC. delta APmag S-brt S-O-T /r T-O-M/MN_Illu% 2021-Jul-01 00:00 167.30371 13.81419 0.12944078300450 21.913 n.a. 63.7990 /T 163.5/ 58.8627 2021-Jul-02 00:00 167.02585 13.85963 0.12477108814839 21.923 n.a. 62.5866 /T 151.0/ 48.9747 2021-Jul-03 00:00 166.70681 13.91468 0.12008700598759 21.936 n.a. 61.3331 /T 138.6/ 39.3365 2021-Jul-04 00:00 166.34144 13.98032 0.11539195288377 21.952 n.a. 60.0336 /T 126.4/ 30.2324 2021-Jul-05 00:00 165.92380 14.05766 0.11068950841549 21.973 n.a. 58.6821 /T 114.1/ 21.9149 2021-Jul-06 00:00 165.44696 14.14794 0.10598345725085 21.998 n.a. 57.2720 /T 101.8/ 14.6201 2021-Jul-07 00:00 164.90279 14.25256 0.10127784173820 22.030 n.a. 55.7952 /T 89.5/ 8.5768 2021-Jul-08 00:00 164.28168 14.37308 0.09657703043775 22. n.a. 54.2425 /T 76.9/ 4.0062 2021-Jul-09 00:00 163.57218 14.51129 0.09188580903353 22. n.a. 52.6028 /T 64.1/ 1.1144 2021-Jul-10 00:00 162.76056 14.66916 0.08720950164659 22. n.a. 50.8630 /T 51.1/ 0.0774 2021-Jul-11 00:00 161.83021 14.84893 0.08255413278831 22. n.a. 49.0069 /T 37.7/ 1.0225 2021-Jul-12 00:00 160.76085 15.05307 0.07792664347688 22. n.a. 47.0154 /T 24.0/ 4.0090 2021-Jul-13 00:00 159.52760 15.28425 0.07333518002915 22. n.a. 44.8646 /T 10.0/ 9.0127 2021-Jul-14 00:00 158.09963 15.54530 0.06878948158368 23. n.a. 42.5256 /T 4.547/ 15.9153 2021-Jul-15 00:00 156.43849 15.83900 0.06430140352203 23. n.a. 39.9620 /T 19.4/ 24.4990 2021-Jul-16 00:00 154.49594 16.16774 0.05988562961881 23. n.a. 37.1289 /T 34.7/ 34.4459 2021-Jul-17 00:00 152.21117 16.53285 0.05556064654566 23. n.a. 33.9697 /T 50.7/ 45.3390 2021-Jul-18 00:00 149.50749 16.93345 0.05135007920725 24. n.a. 30.4138 /T 67.2/ 56.6667 2021-Jul-19 00:00 146.28863 17.36425 0.04728450813707 25. n.a. 26.3734 /T 84.5/ 67.8341 2021-Jul-20 00:00 142.43559 17.81204 0.04340389075536 26. n.a. 21.7406 /T 102.6/ 78.1905 2021-Jul-21 00:00 137.80626 18.24988 0.03976063289177 27. n.a. 16.3887 /T 121.5/ 87.0794 2021-Jul-22 00:00 132.24264 18.62865 0.03642308192758 31. n.a. 10.1827 /T 141.3/ 93.9113 2021-Jul-23 00:00 125.59453 18.86727 0.03347850856156 50. n.a. 3.0883 /T 161.7/ 98.2474 2021-Jul-24 00:00 117.77118 18.84720 0.03103325251054 39. n.a. 5.5618 /L 172.9/ 99.8664 2021-Jul-25 00:00 108.82412 18.42506 0.02920586776933 28. n.a. 14.9170 /L 152.5/ 98.7897 2021-Jul-26 00:00 99.03127 17.47904 0.02810881117339 24. n.a. 25.1996 /L 129.6/ 95.2545 2021-Jul-27 00:00 88.90550 15.98170 0.02781956177878 22. n.a. 35.9393 /L 106.5/ 89.6468 2021-Jul-28 00:00 79.06602 14.04456 0.02835358049385 20. n.a. 46.5692 /L 83.9/ 82.4221 2021-Jul-29 00:00 70.03303 11.87997 0.02965743913472 20. n.a. 56.5668 /L 62.4/ 74.0388 2021-Jul-30 00:00 62.09423 9.70654 0.03162773189555 19.145 n.a. 65.5959 /L 42.4/ 64.9170 2021-Jul-31 00:00 55.30888 7.67766 0.03414180819289 18.842 n.a. 73.5376 /L 24.2/ 55.4231 2021-Aug-01 00:00 49.59066 5.86764 0.03708274062668 18.674 n.a. 80.4320 /L 10.9/ 45.8736 This is going to be a difficult target for astrometry.
2018 LM4 JPL/Horizons solution 23 Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(a-appar)_DEC. delta APmag S-brt S-O-T /r T-O-M/MN_Illu% 2021-Jul-17 00:00 319.35023 31.23045 0.21262310657301 17.536 n.a. 123.2087 /L 117.6/ 45.3390 2021-Jul-18 00:00 319.13396 30.37412 0.20372825693902 17.414 n.a. 124.5883 /L 109.6/ 56.6667 2021-Jul-19 00:00 318.89299 29.42059 0.19489560585537 17.286 n.a. 126.0649 /L 100.3/ 67.8341 2021-Jul-20 00:00 318.62544 28.35728 0.18613748541478 17.151 n.a. 127.6510 /L 90.0/ 78.1905 2021-Jul-21 00:00 318.32916 27.16950 0.17746819121226 17.009 n.a. 129.3611 /L 79.3/ 87.0794 2021-Jul-22 00:00 318.00165 25.84011 0.16890445197381 16.859 n.a. 131.2125 /L 68.4/ 93.9113 2021-Jul-23 00:00 317.64002 24.34909 0.16046601737601 16.701 n.a. 133.2248 /L 58.0/ 98.2474 2021-Jul-24 00:00 317.24094 22.67307 0.15217638505394 16.534 n.a. 135.4213 /L 48.7/ 99.8664 2021-Jul-25 00:00 316.80053 20.78482 0.14406368798970 16.357 n.a. 137.8287 /L 41.8/ 98.7897 2021-Jul-26 00:00 316.31437 18.65287 0.13616176240887 16.169 n.a. 140.4780 /L 38.7/ 95.2545 2021-Jul-27 00:00 315.77727 16.24121 0.12851140943985 15.970 n.a. 143.4039 /L 40.3/ 89.6468 2021-Jul-28 00:00 315.18328 13.50937 0.12116184127197 15.759 n.a. 146.6449 /L 46.2/ 82.4221 2021-Jul-29 00:00 314.52540 10.41324 0.11417224894114 15.534 n.a. 150.2413 /L 55.0/ 74.0388 2021-Jul-30 00:00 313.79545 6.90701 0.10761332382011 15.296 n.a. 154.2320 /L 65.7/ 64.9170 2021-Jul-31 00:00 312.98377 2.94687 0.10156838667607 15.043 n.a. 158.6452 /L 77.6/ 55.4231 2021-Aug-01 00:00 312.07886 -1.50255 0.09613351760935 14.773 n.a. 163.4785 /L 90.4/ 45.8736 2021-Aug-02 00:00 311.06698 -6.45892 0.09141577679839 14.486 n.a. 168.6296 /T 103.9/ 36.5502 2021-Aug-03 00:00 309.93157 -11.91025 0.08752841017505 14.191 n.a. 173.5099 /T 118.1/ 27.7179 2021-Aug-04 00:00 308.65251 -17.80267 0.08458215668591 14.062 n.a. 174.5746 /T 132.8/ 19.6411 2021-Aug-05 00:00 307.20525 -24.03273 0.08267279537194 14.215 n.a. 169.6595 /T 147.6/ 12.5950 2021-Aug-06 00:00 305.55957 -30.44971 0.08186695418382 14.414 n.a. 163.1428 /T 161.3/ 6.8670 2021-Aug-07 00:00 303.67814 -36.87154 0.08219014984699 14.622 n.a. 156.3059 /T 167.0/ 2.7479 2021-Aug-08 00:00 301.51451 -43.11131 0.08362144776365 14.842 n.a. 149.5254 /T 157.3/ 0.5108 2021-Aug-09 00:00 299.01085 -49.00503 0.08609698575458 15.071 n.a. 143.0149 /T 142.9/ 0.3800 2021-Aug-10 00:00 296.09518 -54.43079 0.08952092623374 15.306 n.a. 136.9100 /T 128.0/ 2.4962 2021-Aug-11 00:00 292.67865 -59.31426 0.09377970151522 15.543 n.a. 131.2854 /T 113.4/ 6.8840 2021-Aug-12 00:00 288.65366 -63.62250 0.09875525603969 15.778 n.a. 126.1667 /T 99.5/ 13.4305 2021-Aug-13 00:00 283.89502 -67.35194 0.10433474177708 16.008 n.a. 121.5444 /T 86.6/ 21.8806 2021-Aug-14 00:00 278.26830 -70.51559 0.11041615429005 16.230 n.a. 117.3877 /T 75.1/ 31.8473 2021-Aug-15 00:00 271.65248 -73.13325 0.11691065465599 16.442 n.a. 113.6544 /T 65.4/ 42.8345 2021-Aug-16 00:00 263.98441 -75.22626 0.12374270471017 16.644 n.a. 110.2987 /T 58.2/ 54.2660 2021-Aug-17 00:00 255.32516 -76.81777 0.13084900744485 16.836 n.a. 107.2759 /T 54.2/ 65.5197 2021-Aug-18 00:00 245.92264 -77.93791 0.13817694117322 17.017 n.a. 104.5440 /T 53.7/ 75.9665 2021-Aug-19 00:00 236.21460 -78.63089 0.14568289452364 17.189 n.a. 102.0659 /T 56.6/ 85.0162 2021-Aug-20 00:00 226.72973 -78.95814 0.15333070921639 17.350 n.a. 99.8086 /T 62.0/ 92.1689 2021-Aug-21 00:00 217.92863 -78.99339 0.16109031575905 17.502 n.a. 97.7436 /T 69.0/ 97.0637

Setups




CW setup:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TX polarization           RCP
RCV polarization          LCP & RCP
Frequency hops:           no hopping
Bandwidth:               5000 Hz 
TXoffset                 +500 Hz
FFT                      5000 for 1.0 Hz resolution 

Ranging setups:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
10-usec
baud             10 usec
code            127
PRP            1270 usec
ncoh              1 
bandwidth       787 Hz   
FFT             128
resolution       6.15 Hz
TXoffset       +100 Hz  (echo in column 80)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
11-usec 
baud             11 usec
code            127
PRP            1397 usec
ncoh              1 
bandwidth       716 Hz   
FFT             128
resolution      5.6 Hz
TXoffset     +100 Hz  (echo in column 82) 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
1-usec 
baud              1 usec
code            255
ncoh              8
bandwidth       490 Hz   
FFT             128
resolution        3.8 Hz
TXoffset        +50 Hz  (echo in column 77)
---------------------------------------------------------------------

Instructions

NOTE: Data should be moved to the appropriate subdirectories in aardvark:/export/data0/a285571/raw/

POINTING:

  OSOD and predicts are on aardvark:



POINTING  

...Not yet available...

Transmit offsets are given in millidegrees.  


PRDX.OUT.14f-14-14.s?? TRANSMITTER: STATION #14, RECEIVER: STATION #14 RECEIVER U.T. RANGE DOPPLER LHA DEC RA EL

2000 PQ9 GOLDSTONE MASTERLOG

============================================================================== ----------------------------------------------------- ...Not yet available... -----------------------------------------------------
Dr. Lance A. M. Benner | PHONE: (818) 354-7412 Mail Stop 183-601 | FAX: (818) 393-4445 Jet Propulsion Laboratory | email: lance.benner@jpl.nasa.gov California Institute of Technology | Plan: To live long and prosper Pasadena, CA 91109-8099 https://echo.jpl.nasa.gov/asteroids/2000PQ9/2000PQ9.2021.goldstone.planning.html

Asteroid Radar Astronomy
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