Goldstone Radar Observations Planning: Asteroid 1999 KW4 in 2019


Background

(66391) 1999 KW4
1999 KW4 is a binary system that was discovered by LINEAR on May 20, 1999.  1999 KW4 was imaged
extensively with radar at Goldstone and Arecibo during a close encounter within 0.032 au in May
and June of 2001, from which Ostro et al. (2006) estimated 3D models of the primary, referred to as "Alpha,"
and the secondary, designated as "Beta."   The Alpha model has major axes of 1.5 x 1.5 x 1.3 km,
an effective diameter of 1.3 km, and a shape that resembles a top.  Alpha also has a pronounced
ridge along its equator.  The Beta model is significantly smaller with major axes of 
0.57 x 0.46 x 0.35 km and its long axis is oriented toward Alpha (albeit with small oscillations).

1999 KW4 was the third binary near-Earth asteroid imaged by radar, following 2000 DP107
and 2000 UG11, and was the first imaged in detail.
Additional radar observations were conducted at Arecibo in 2002, 2017, and 2018, and at Goldstone in 2018.

Alpha has a rotation period of 2.76 h and a pole direction of (lambda, beta) = (326, -65) degrees.
The orbital and rotation periods of Beta are synchronous with a period of 17.42 hours, but 
Beta librates during its motion about Alpha, and there are periodic changes in the motion
caused by the non-spherica shape of Alpha and the deep perihelion of only 0.200 au, which
results in solar tidal effects (Scheeres et al. 2006).  

The bulk densities of Alpha and Beta are 1.97+-0.24 and 2.81+0.82-0.63 g/cm^3.
For additional details about 1999 KW4's physical and orbital properties, please see
Ostro et al. (2006) and Scheeres et al. (2006). 

Radar observations in 2019 will be used to test the prediction by McMahon and Scheeres (2010) that
the BYORP effect is changing the mean anomaly (with a sufficient reduction in the orbital uncertainties).
Alternately, it is possible that 1999 KW4 will be in an equilibrium state between BYORP and tidal friction.
If so, then because a model for Beta is available, this could enable use to estimate the rigidity of the 
primary and the quality factor Q.

1999 KW4 will approach within 0.0346 au on 2019 May 25.  Due to the klystron situation at Goldstone,
we _might_ be able to observe the asteroid with a transmitter power of 250 kW if we receive the
refurbished klyston in time.  If so, then 1999 KW4 will be an imaging target at Goldstone 
and we might be able to obtain images with a range resolution as fine as 15 m/pixel.

Update on 2019 May 22: A functional klystron will not be available at DSS-14 so monostatic observations
will not occur at Goldstone.  We have scheduled time at DSS-13 instead and have requested time at
the Green Bank Telescope to receive.

In 2019, the asteroid will approach from the south, and the first day of visibility also coincides
with the closest approach (May 25).  Thereafter the asteroid will move north and the SNRs will
rapidly diminish as the asteroid moves away from Earth.  Due to the southern declinations, 1999 KW4 is 
observable at Goldstone four days before it enters the beam at Arecibo.

1999 KW4 has the least accessible delta-V for a spacecraft mission of any known binary near-Earth asteroid
due to its heliocentric inclination of 39 degrees, eccentricity of 0.7, and semimajor axis of 0.64 au.

This object will be the target of an extensive observing campaign supported by NASA's 
Planetary Defense Coordination Office.

1999 KW4 has been classified as a "Potentially Hazardous Asteroid" by the Minor Planet Center.


Orbital and Physical Characteristics  
Name                        1999 KW4                      
Number                      66391                         
Discoverer                  LINEAR                        
Discovery date              1999 May 20                   
orbit type                  Aten                          
						   				                        
Close approach date         2019 May 25
Close approach dist.        0.0346 au
Close approach dist.        13.5 lunar distances
						   				                        
semimajor axis              0.642 au                      
eccentricity                0.688                         
inclination                 38.9 deg                      
orbital period              0.515  y                      
perihelion distance         0.200 au  (215 solar radii)
aphelion distance           1.084 au                      
MOID                        0.0133 au                     
Tisserand parameter         8.500     (asteroidal)
						   				                        
absolute magnitude (H)      16.5                          
Primary diameter            1.32 km      BINARY          
Secondary diameter          0.45 km                       
optical albedo              0.26                          
spectral class              S                             
Primary rotation period     2.7645 h                      
Secondary rotation period   17.42 h   (same as the orbital period, ignoring librations) 
lightcurve amplitude        0.12 mag                      
pole direction              (lambda, beta) = (326, -62)   
                            PHA                           
                            
Last update: 2019 May 22


1999 KW4 Close Approaches Within 0.1 au: 1900-2100 Date (TDB) Body CA Dist MinDist MaxDist Vrel TCA3Sg Nsigs P_i/p A.D. 1913 May 26.71707 Earth .074553 .074551 .074554 19.928 0.08 1.82E6 .000000 A.D. 1914 May 25.18226 Earth .037573 .037571 .037575 21.555 0.00 9.50E5 .000000 A.D. 1931 May 26.08135 Earth .029699 .029697 .029701 20.492 0.05 1.03E6 .000000 A.D. 1932 May 25.06168 Earth .091132 .091130 .091134 22.770 0.03 1.13E6 .000000 A.D. 1948 May 27.37092 Earth .094582 .094581 .094583 19.768 0.05 2.55E6 .000000 A.D. 1949 May 25.21601 Earth .017230 .017229 .017230 21.095 0.01 8.50E5 .000000 A.D. 1966 May 26.32639 Earth .044309 .044309 .044310 20.286 0.02 1.19E6 .000000 A.D. 1967 May 25.83128 Earth .073726 .073725 .073726 22.364 0.01 1.05E6 .000000 A.D. 1983 May 28.36245 Earth .096906 .096906 .096907 19.753 0.01 3.89E6 .000000 A.D. 1984 May 25.14801 Earth .016075 .016075 .016075 21.071 0.00 8.00E5 .000000 A.D. 2001 May 25.97992 Earth .032332 .032332 .032332 20.469 0.00 4.47E8 .000000 A.D. 2002 May 25.90999 Earth .088929 .088929 .088929 22.743 0.00 2.06E7 .000000 A.D. 2018 May 27.55763 Earth .078181 .078181 .078181 19.900 0.01 1.92E6 .000000 A.D. 2019 May 25.96154 Earth .034640 .034640 .034640 21.513 0.00 8.00E5 .000000 A.D. 2036 May 25.57154 Earth .015529 .015529 .015529 20.798 0.01 8.17E5 .000000 A.D. 2053 May 27.12957 Earth .067820 .067819 .067821 20.008 0.03 1.49E6 .000000 A.D. 2054 May 25.88683 Earth .045694 .045694 .045695 21.760 0.00 7.42E5 .000000 A.D. 2071 May 26.53499 Earth .017518 .017517 .017518 20.740 0.02 8.19E5 .000000 A.D. 2088 May 27.67892 Earth .086544 .086543 .086545 19.844 0.05 1.85E6 .000000 A.D. 2089 May 25.84400 Earth .023855 .023854 .023856 21.300 0.01 7.33E5 .000000 1999 KW4 approaches within 0.05 au of Earth several times each century. This trend exists from at least 1600-2500.



Orbital motion of 1999 KW4 from December 2017 until July 2019 shown in helicentric reference frame.  The asteroid 
makes two close flybys during this interval.  The animation begins with an oblique view
and then tilts to a perspective looking down on the plane of Earth's orbit from the north.
The animation illustrates the unusually eccentric orbit and deep perihelion 
of only 0.200 au, which is inside the semimajor axis of Mercury.  Close Earth encounters tend to be 
relatively long because they occur near aphelion when 1999 KW4's orbital motion is slow.  



Discovery M.P.E.C.


1999 KW4
https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/J99/J99K28.html


SNR Calculations


1999 KW4
Goldstone SNRs

PRIMARY (ALPHA)
1999 KW4:  D = 1.32 km,  P = 2.765 h,  OC albedo = 0.11,  pole = (326, -65)
                                                                          <---MONOSTATIC-->   DSS13-GBT    GBT overlap
DOY       start date       window       RA, dec   dist  delta   runs      SNR/day   SNR/run    SNR/RTT     30 deg      20 deg
145-146  2019 May 25-26  23:09-01:05   126, -33  0.035   -26      91        600        64        10        None        None
146-147  2019 May 26-27  22:17-04:15   144, -21  0.037    -9     265        910        61   *    10        None        2011-0115  Requested
147-148  2019 May 27-28  22:11-05:47   157, -11  0.043    +5     294        610        39         6        2211-0152   2211-0302  Requested
148-149  2019 May 28-29  22:11-06:40   165,  -3  0.052   +15     278        340        22   *     4        2213-0303   2213-0402  
149-150  2019 May 29-30  22:13-07:13   170,  +2  0.062   +21     251        180        12   *     2        2213-0344   2213-0439
150-151  2019 May 30-31  22:13-07:35   174,  +6  0.073   +26     224        100         7   *     1        
151-152  2019 May 31-01  22:14-07:50   177,  +9  0.084   +29     200         59         4
152-153  2019 Jun 01-02  22:13-08:00   180, +11  0.095   +31     180         37         3
153-154  2019 Jun 02-03  22:12-08:08   182, +13  0.107   +33     164         24         2

Goldstone SNRs assume Ptx = 250 kW and Tsys = 17 K.
DSS-13/GBT SNRs assume Ptx = 80 kW

SECONDARY (BETA)
1999 KW4:  D = 0.45 km,  P = 17.42 h,  OC albedo = 0.11,  pole = (326, -62)
                                                                          <---MONOSTATIC-->   DSS13-GBT
DOY       start date       window       RA, dec   dist  delta   runs      SNR/day   SNR/run    SNR/RTT
145-146  2019 May 25-26  23:09-01:05   126, -33  0.035   -26      91        300        32      too far south   
146-147  2019 May 26-27  22:17-04:15   144, -21  0.037    -9     265        460        30         5
147-148  2019 May 27-28  22:11-05:47   157, -11  0.043    +5     294        310        20         4
148-149  2019 May 28-29  22:11-06:40   165,  -3  0.052   +15     278        170        11         2
149-150  2019 May 29-30  22:13-07:13   170,  +2  0.062   +21     251         91         6         1
150-151  2019 May 30-31  22:13-07:35   174,  +6  0.073   +26     224         50         4
151-152  2019 May 31-01  22:14-07:50   177,  +9  0.084   +29     200         30         2
152-153  2019 Jun 01-02  22:13-08:00   180, +11  0.095   +31     180         18         1
153-154  2019 Jun 02-03  22:12-08:08   182, +13  0.107   +33     164         12         1

These SNRs assume Ptx = 250 kW and Tsys = 17 K.
SNRs also use the radar albedo, effective diameter, and spin vector estimated 
from the 2001 radar and lightcurve observations.

1999 KW4
Arecibo SNRs

PRIMARY (Alpha) SNRs
1999 KW4 Alpha:  D = 1.32 km,  P = 2.765 h,  OC albedo = 0.11,  pole = (326, -62)  
 start date       window        RA, dec   dist  delta   runs      SNR/day   SNR/run
2019 May 29-30  22:36-00:02    170,  +2  0.061   +23      41        760       130
2019 May 30-31  22:29-00:33    174,  +6  0.071   +28      51        610        94
2019 May 31-01  22:28-00:50    177,  +9  0.082   +31      50        380        58
2019 Jun 01-02  22:29-01:00    179, +11  0.094   +34      47        240        37
2019 Jun 02-03  22:30-01:07    181, +12  0.105   +35      44        160        25
2019 Jun 03-04  22:31-01:11    183, +14  0.117   +37      40        110        18
2019 Jun 04-05  22:31-01:13    184, +15  0.129   +38      37         74        13
2019 Jun 05-06  22:30-01:14    185, +16  0.141   +39      34         53         9
2019 Jun 06-07  22:30-01:14    186, +17  0.153   +40      32         39         7
2019 Jun 07-08  22:29-01:14    187, +17  0.165   +41      29         29         6
2019 Jun 08-09  22:28-01:13    188, +18  0.177   +41      26         21         4
2019 Jun 09-10  22:26-01:12    188, +18  0.188   +42      24         16         3
2019 Jun 10-11  22:24-01:10    189, +19  0.200   +42      22         13         3

Arecibo SNRs assume Ptx = 400 kW, Tsys = 25 K, and Gain = 8 K/Jy


SECONDARY (Beta) SNRs
1999 KW4 Beta:  D = 0.45 km,  P = 17.42 h,  OC albedo = 0.11,  pole = (326, -62)  
 start date       window        RA, dec   dist  delta   runs      SNR/day   SNR/run
2019 May 29-30  22:36-00:02    170,  +2  0.061   +23      41        380        67
2019 May 30-31  22:29-00:33    174,  +6  0.071   +28      51        300        47
2019 May 31-01  22:28-00:50    177,  +9  0.082   +31      50        190        29
2019 Jun 01-02  22:29-01:00    179, +11  0.094   +34      47        120        19
2019 Jun 02-03  22:30-01:07    181, +12  0.105   +35      44         79        13
2019 Jun 03-04  22:31-01:11    183, +14  0.117   +37      40         53         9
2019 Jun 04-05  22:31-01:13    184, +15  0.129   +38      37         37         6
2019 Jun 05-06  22:30-01:14    185, +16  0.141   +39      34         26         5
2019 Jun 06-07  22:30-01:14    186, +17  0.153   +40      32         19         4
2019 Jun 07-08  22:29-01:14    187, +17  0.165   +41      29         14         3
2019 Jun 08-09  22:28-01:13    188, +18  0.177   +41      26         11         2

Arecibo SNRs assume Ptx = 400 kW, Tsys = 25 K, and Gain = 8 K/Jy


Track Assignments


DOY BOA  BOT  EOT  EOA
136 0000 0130 0245 0315  DSS-14  AST 2002 QF15   Cancelled 
137 0200 0330 0410 0440  DSS-14  AST 2002 QF15   Cancelled
138 0130 0300 0440 0510  DSS-14  AST 2002 QF15   Cancelled
139 0115 0245 0510 0540  DSS-14  AST 2002 QF15   Cancelled
139 2215 2345 0240 0310  DSS-14  AST 2002 QF15   Cancelled
141 0300 0230 0605 0635  DSS-14  AST 2002 QF15   Cancelled
143 0215 0345 0700 0730  DSS-14  AST 2002 QF15   Cancelled
146 2135 2255 0025       DSS-14  AST 1999 KW4    Cancelled
147      0225 0330 0400  DSS-14  AST 2002 QF15   Cancelled
149 0045 0215 0320 0350  DSS-14  AST 1999 KW4    Cancelled
150 0020 0150 0320 0350  DSS-14  AST 1999 KW4    Cancelled
151 0215 0345 0515 0545  DSS-14  AST 1999 KW4    Cancelled

146 1840 2010 0115 0145  DSS-13  AST 1999 KW4
147 2040 2210 0300 0330  DSS-13  AST 1999 KW4


Goldstone Schedule in more detail:                                        DSS-14
UT                              UT          PDT                Round-trip Monostatic  
DOY      Date       Target      TX Window   TX Window          time (sec)  SNR/RTT     
136      May 16     2002 QF15   0030 0245   1730-1945 May 15      99          25   Cancelled
137      May 17     2002 QF15   0230 0410   1930-2110 May 16      95          29   Cancelled
138      May 18     2002 QF15   0200 0440   1900-2140 May 17      91          33   Cancelled
139      May 19     2002 QF15   0145 0510   1845-2210 May 18      89          36   Cancelled
139-140  May 19-20  2002 QF15   2245 0240   1545-1940 May 19      88          38   Cancelled
141      May 21     2002 QF15   0330 0605   2030-2305 May 20      88          38   Cancelled
143      May 23     2002 QF15   0245 0700   1945-0000 May 22      92          32   Cancelled
146-147  May 26-27  1999 KW4    2220 0330   1520-2030 May 26      37          61   Cancelled
147      May 27     2002 QF15   0125 0330   1825-2030 May 26     112          17   Cancelled
149      May 29     1999 KW4    0115 0320   1815-2020 May 28      52          22   Cancelled
150      May 30     1999 KW4    0050 0320   1750-2020 May 29      62          12   Cancelled
151      May 31     1999 KW4    0245 0515   1945-2215 May 30      73           7   Cancelled

DSS-13/Green Bank Telescope Tracks:                                       DSS13/GBT 
                                                                           SNR/RTT (primary)
146-147  May 26-27  1999 KW4    2130 0115   1430-1815 May 26      37          10
147-148  May 27-28  1999 KW4    2135 0300   1435-2000 May 27      43           6



Arecibo Schedule:
                      UT         
Date    Target        TX Window  
May 20  2002 QF15     2108-2302
May 21  2002 QF15     2118-2333
May 22  2002 QF15     2131-2359
May 23  2002 QF15     2145-0022
May 24  2002 QF15     2159-0041
May 25  2002 QF15     2213-0058

May 29-30  1999 KW4   2236-0002
May 30-31  1999 KW4   2229-0033
May 31-01  1999 KW4   2228-0050
Jun 01-02  1999 KW4   2229-0100
Jun 02-03  1999 KW4   2230-0107
Jun 03-04  1999 KW4   2231-0111
Jun 04-05  1999 KW4   2231-0113



Uncertainties

1999 KW4
JPL/Horizons solution 267, # obs: 3367 (1998-2019):
2019 May 22
 Date__(UT)__HR:MN     R.A._(a-appar)_DEC.            delta POS_3sigma  DOP_S_3sig  DOP_X_3sig  RT_delay_3sig
 2019-May-15 00:00 *m   30.14426 -32.50159 0.14025698741787      0.256        0.04        0.15       0.000048
 2019-May-16 00:00 *m   31.50420 -33.28484 0.12830040577920      0.274        0.05        0.19       0.000049
 2019-May-17 00:00 *    33.18736 -34.18359 0.11642651191190      0.296        0.07        0.25       0.000050
 2019-May-18 00:00 *    35.31150 -35.22835 0.10466529640390      0.321        0.09        0.33       0.000052
 2019-May-19 00:00 *    38.05714 -36.45662 0.09306169519323      0.352        0.12        0.44       0.000056
 2019-May-20 00:00 *    41.71182 -37.90991 0.08168547395892      0.389        0.17        0.60       0.000060
 2019-May-21 00:00 *    46.75142 -39.61829 0.07064948802669      0.433        0.23        0.82       0.000067
 2019-May-22 00:00 *    53.98446 -41.54404 0.06014457240921      0.482        0.31        1.12       0.000076
 2019-May-23 00:00 *    64.75055 -43.40038 0.05050666130284      0.530        0.40        1.47       0.000089
 2019-May-24 00:00 *    80.82637 -44.17200 0.04233551386697      0.555        0.47        1.72       0.000105
 2019-May-25 00:00 *   102.56864 -41.52431 0.03662910484768      0.521        0.39        1.41       0.000121
 2019-May-26 00:00 *   125.45158 -33.38305 0.03462956775725      0.456        0.09        0.33       0.000129
 2019-May-27 00:00 *   143.58066 -21.96426 0.03694330321408      0.459        0.33        1.20       0.000123
 2019-May-28 00:00 *   155.94903 -11.53912 0.04287542582752      0.468        0.42        1.54       0.000108
 2019-May-29 00:00 *   164.21586  -3.73538 0.05117938408261      0.439        0.37        1.34       0.000093
 2019-May-30 00:00 *   169.91929   1.79406 0.06088798497188      0.392        0.29        1.04       0.000081
 2019-May-31 00:00 *   174.02366   5.73858 0.07142558441829      0.345        0.21        0.78       0.000072
 2019-Jun-01 00:00 *m  177.09600   8.62643 0.08246924079173      0.303        0.16        0.58       0.000065
 2019-Jun-02 00:00 *m  179.47510  10.80269 0.09383411606081      0.268        0.12        0.44       0.000059
 2019-Jun-03 00:00 *m  181.37082  12.48697 0.10540953040406      0.238        0.09        0.34       0.000055
 2019-Jun-04 00:00 *m  182.91828  13.82098 0.11712578383880      0.214        0.07        0.26       0.000052
 2019-Jun-05 00:00 *m  184.20773  14.89855 0.12893677461297      0.193        0.06        0.20       0.000050


Ephemeris with Visual Magnitudes, Distances, Solar Elongations, Lunar Elongations, and Lunar Phases
1999 KW4
 Date__(UT)__HR:MN     R.A._(a-appar)_DEC.            delta  APmag  S-brt    S-O-T /r  T-O-M/Illu%
 2019-May-15 00:00      30.16104 -32.49247 0.14024614312019  16.77   5.64  55.1653 /L  142.3/ 81.5
 2019-May-16 00:00      31.52271 -33.27489 0.12828944850805  16.58   5.65  55.9667 /L  142.4/ 89.5
 2019-May-17 00:00      33.20795 -34.17259 0.11641555724896  16.37   5.66  56.7740 /L  138.5/ 95.4
 2019-May-18 00:00      35.33464 -35.21601 0.10465449975696  16.14   5.66  57.5986 /L  131.9/ 98.9
 2019-May-19 00:00      38.08346 -36.44250 0.09305127244110  15.88   5.67  58.4620 /L  124.1/ 99.9
 2019-May-20 00:00      41.74213 -37.89333 0.08167573584497  15.59   5.67  59.4051 /L  116.3/ 98.5
 2019-May-21 00:00      46.78671 -39.59814 0.07064089882962  15.25   5.66  60.5091 /L  109.1/ 94.9
 2019-May-22 00:00      54.02560 -41.51840 0.06013784993922  14.85   5.64  61.9388 /L  103.7/ 89.5
 2019-May-23 00:00      64.79687 -43.36597 0.05050293421748  14.37   5.59  64.0311 /T  101.2/ 82.7
 2019-May-24 00:00      80.87152 -44.12434 0.04233648495272  13.82   5.50  67.4275 /T  103.3/ 74.7
 2019-May-25 00:00     102.59672 -41.46227 0.03663684248007  13.21   5.34  73.0181 /T  111.5/ 65.9
 2019-May-26 00:00     125.45262 -33.31745 0.03464511412184  12.71   5.14  80.9254 /T  125.7/ 56.7
 2019-May-27 00:00     143.56436 -21.90956 0.03696511122769  12.49   4.96  89.1580 /T  141.6/ 47.2
 2019-May-28 00:00     155.92700 -11.49872 0.04290073311313  12.57   4.83  95.4325 /T  154.0/ 37.8
 2019-May-29 00:00     164.19349  -3.70586 0.05120627508635  12.81   4.75  99.3840 /T  158.5/ 28.7
 2019-May-30 00:00     169.89837   1.81638 0.06091555931351  13.10   4.71 101.6675 /T  153.9/ 20.3
 2019-May-31 00:00     174.00459   5.75614 0.07145348447102  13.40   4.69 102.9155 /T  144.7/ 12.9
 2019-Jun-01 00:00     177.07873   8.64075 0.08249734139237  13.68   4.67 103.5326 /T  133.8/  6.9
 2019-Jun-02 00:00     179.45945  10.81468 0.09386238503098  13.94   4.67 103.7559 /T  122.0/  2.5
 2019-Jun-03 00:00     181.35658  12.49724 0.10543797115148  14.19   4.66 103.7245 /T  109.6/  0.3
 2019-Jun-04 00:00     182.90528  13.82993 0.11715441204345  14.41   4.66 103.5224 /T   96.9/  0.5
 2019-Jun-05 00:00     184.19580  14.90646 0.12896560879651  14.62   4.66 103.2020 /T   83.8/  3.2
 2019-Jun-06 00:00     185.29035  15.79062 0.14083963734312  14.81   4.67 102.7972 /T   70.6/  8.4
 2019-Jun-07 00:00     186.23307  16.52707 0.15275344252954  14.98   4.67 102.3307 /T   57.4/ 15.9
 2019-Jun-08 00:00     187.05600  17.14784 0.16468973155165  15.15   4.67 101.8182 /T   44.4/ 25.2
 2019-Jun-09 00:00     187.78295  17.67644 0.17663508865728  15.31   4.68 101.2705 /T   31.9/ 35.9
 2019-Jun-10 00:00     188.43194  18.13048 0.18857879098841  15.45   4.68 100.6957 /T   21.1/ 47.3
 2019-Jun-11 00:00     189.01682  18.52336 0.20051203929515  15.59   4.69 100.0995 /T   15.6/ 58.7
 2019-Jun-12 00:00     189.54842  18.86550 0.21242744119813  15.72   4.69  99.4863 /T   20.1/ 69.5
 2019-Jun-13 00:00     190.03535  19.16506 0.22431865239982  15.84   4.69  98.8595 /T   30.4/ 79.3
 2019-Jun-14 00:00     190.48446  19.42853 0.23618011918209  15.95   4.70  98.2216 /T   42.2/ 87.5
 2019-Jun-15 00:00     190.90136  19.66117 0.24800688740125  16.06   4.70  97.5747 /T   54.5/ 93.8
 2019-Jun-16 00:00     191.29061  19.86723 0.25979445636505  16.17   4.71  96.9203 /T   66.8/ 97.9
 2019-Jun-17 00:00     191.65600  20.05022 0.27153866430724  16.27   4.71  96.2598 /T   78.9/ 99.8
 2019-Jun-18 00:00     192.00068  20.21305 0.28323559754535  16.36   4.71  95.5942 /T   90.9/ 99.6
 2019-Jun-19 00:00     192.32732  20.35816 0.29488151867394  16.45   4.71  94.9244 /T  102.6/ 97.2
 2019-Jun-20 00:00     192.63815  20.48762 0.30647281081046  16.54   4.72  94.2511 /T  114.0/ 93.1
 2019-Jun-21 00:00     192.93509  20.60316 0.31800593546462  16.62   4.72  93.5749 /T  125.1/ 87.4
 2019-Jun-22 00:00     193.21978  20.70630 0.32947740158237  16.70   4.72  92.8963 /T  135.7/ 80.3
 2019-Jun-23 00:00     193.49363  20.79832 0.34088374318014  16.78   4.72  92.2158 /T  145.5/ 72.2
 2019-Jun-24 00:00     193.75783  20.88037 0.35222150299594  16.85   4.72  91.5336 /T  154.1/ 63.4
 2019-Jun-25 00:00     194.01345  20.95341 0.36348721981190  16.92   4.72  90.8501 /T  159.6/ 54.0


Setups


The equatorial diameter, rapid rotation period, and a nearly equatorial view indicate
that the bandwidths at Goldstone will be about 55 Hz.  As such, and due to the small 
Doppler uncertainties, we won't see any Doppler
corrections to the ephemeris, but we should be able to measure range corrections.

CW setup 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TX polarization           RCP
RCV polarization          LCP & RCP
Frequency hops:           no hopping
Bandwidth:               5000 Hz 
FFT for PFS files:       1000 for 5.0 Hz resolution 
TXoffset                 +500 Hz

Ranging setups:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
10-usec
baud             10 usec
code            127
PRP            1270 usec
FFT              64
ncoh              1 
bandwidth       787 Hz   
resolution      12.3 Hz
TXOFF          +100 Hz  (echo in column 32 + 8 = 40)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
11-usec 
baud             11 usec
code            127
PRP            1397 usec
FFT              64  
ncoh              1 
bandwidth       716 Hz   
resolution      11.2 Hz
TXOFF          +100 Hz  (echo in column 32 + 9 = 41) 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
1-usec 
baud            1 usec
code            255
ncoh              2
bandwidth      1960.8 Hz   
FFT              128 
resolution        15.3 Hz
TXOFF           +200 Hz 

---------------------------------------------------------------------

Instructions

NOTE: Data should be moved to the appropriate subdirectories in aardvark:/export/data0/1999kw4/raw/

POINTING:

OSOD and predicts will be on aardvark:
1999 KW4 
/export/data3/osod/ops/a66391/EPH.OUT.s???
/export/data3/osod/ops/a66391/PRDX.OUT.14v-14-14.s???
/export/data3/osod/ops/a66391/PRDX.OUT.14f-14-14.s???
/export/data3/osod/ops/a66391/PUNCH.OUT.14v-14-14.s???
/export/data3/osod/ops/a66391/PUNCH.OUT.14f-14-14.s???



GOLDSTONE MASTERLOG

============================================================================== Receive TX Setup hops dwell code ncoh FFT runs start -stop OSOD offset Poln Notes ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dr. Lance A. M. Benner | PHONE: (818) 354-7412 Mail Stop 183-601 | FAX: (818) 393-4445 Jet Propulsion Laboratory | email: lance.benner@jpl.nasa.gov California Institute of Technology | Plan: To live long and prosper Pasadena, CA 91109-8099 https://echo.jpl.nasa.gov/asteroids/1999KW4/1999KW4_planning.2019.html

Asteroid Radar Astronomy
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