Goldstone Radar Observations Planning: 1999 FN53
This is a planning page for radar observations of asteroid (285331) 1999 FN53 in May 2015. 1999 FN53 was discovered on 1999 Mar 31 by the Lowell Observatory Near-Earth Object Search (LONEOS). It has an absolute magnitude of 18.3 suggesting a diameter within a factor of two of 680 m, but otherwise its physical properties are poorly known. The asteroid will approach Earth at a distance of 0.068 au on 2015 May 14. We expect to obtain radar echo spectra and ranging data from this object at Goldstone (X-band, 3.5 cm wavelength). 1999 FN53 was previously detected by Arecibo and Goldstone in May 1999 when the object approached within 0.06 au. Three Dopplers and one range measurement from that apparition have been used in the current orbital solution, which has extremely small uncertainties due to the unusual geometry of the asteroid's orbit (most notably the 20 deg inclination, which reduces perturbations from other planets). Echo power spectra obtained at Goldstone in 1999 revealed a bandwidth of ~30 Hz and an OC radar cross section of 0.034 km^2. Nearly every object with an absolute magnitude of 18 has a rotation period slower than 2.1 h, so if we adopt that value as a bound, the bandwidth constrains the diameter to be larger than about 0.6 km. This diameter constraint is also consistent with the radar cross section, which suggests a similar diameter if the radar albedo is about 0.1. Thus, we expect that 1999 FN53 will be a rapid rotator roughly 0.6 km in diameter. This object was observed by NASA's NEOWISE mission in mid-April. Preliminary results reported by C. Nugent suggest a diameter of ~0.53 +- 0.11 km. Update: Arecibo images obtained on May 12 give a bandwidth of 6.5 Hz, so we are expecting a bandwidth at Goldstone of about 23 Hz. A rough estimate for the diameter is 0.8 - 0.9 km. The bandwidth and size hint that the rotation period is roughly 3.5 h. 1999 FN53 is NOT classified as "Potentially Hazardous" because the asteroid does not approach within 0.050 au (7.5 million km) of Earth. The orbit of 1999 FN53 can be computed for more than 8000 years (the longest interval actually checked; J. D. Giorgini, pers. comm.). This is one of the longest intervals of reliable orbit estimation currently known.
Orbital and Physical Characteristics Provisional Designation 1999 FN53 Asteroid number 285331 Discoverer LONEOS Discovery date 1999 Mar 31 orbit type Apollo Close approach date 2015 May 14 Close approach dist. 0.068 au Close approach dist. 26.5 lunar distances (about 10.2 million km) semimajor axis 1.735 au eccentricity 0.455 inclination 20.2 deg perihelion distance 0.945 au aphelion distance 2.526 au Tisserand parameter 3.964 Asteroidal absolute magnitude (H) 18.3 diameter ~0.9 km (P. Taylor, pers. comm., based on Arecibo radar images) optical albedo unknown rotation period unknown, but possibly ~3.5 h lightcurve amplitude unknown pole direction unknown spectral class unknown Future approaches within 0.1 au (through 2499): Date (CT) Body CA Dist (au) 2015 May 14.47598 Earth 0.067762 2031 May 18.15659 Earth 0.084789 2041 Jan 18.94698 Hebe 0.016976 2134 May 07.39856 Earth 0.059891 2150 May 12.25593 Earth 0.059754 2166 May 17.31200 Earth 0.078126 2253 May 03.69685 Earth 0.078629 2269 May 12.50626 Earth 0.058063 2279 Jan 15.32241 Hebe 0.024647 2285 May 21.29270 Earth 0.095054 2372 May 08.64360 Earth 0.058914 2388 May 18.21279 Earth 0.074961 2475 May 06.37886 Earth 0.071046 2491 May 11.91526 Earth 0.055523 The next approach to Earth closer than the one in 2015 will occur in 2134 at 0.060 au. Note that _all_ the close Earth approaches occur in May. Last update: 2015 May 13
1999 FN53 http://www.minorplanetcenter.org/mpec/J99/J99G13.html
SNR Calculations
GOLDSTONE SNRs Assumptions: D = 0.68 km, P = 2.1 hr, OC albedo = 0.1 w DOY start date window RA, dec dist runs SNR/day SNR/run 19 127-128 2015 May 07-08 15:35-06:43 97, +54 0.085 317 27 2 19 128-129 2015 May 08-09 15:37-06:10 94, +50 0.081 320 33 2 19 129-130 2015 May 09-10 15:39-05:32 91, +45 0.077 321 40 2 19 130-131 2015 May 10-11 15:46-04:59 88, +40 0.073 321 46 3 20 131-132 2015 May 11-12 15:48-04:31 85, +35 0.071 318 53 3 20 132-133 2015 May 12-13 15:50-03:58 83, +29 0.069 311 57 4 20 133-134 2015 May 13-14 15:57-03:30 80, +23 0.068 300 60 4 20 134-135 2015 May 14-15 15:59-02:57 78, +16 0.068 286 59 4 20 135-136 2015 May 15-16 16:06-02:29 76, +10 0.069 268 55 4 Scheduled 20 136-137 2015 May 16-17 16:08-02:01 74, +4 0.070 247 48 3 Scheduled 20 137-138 2015 May 17-18 16:15-01:33 72, -1 0.073 225 39 3 21 138-139 2015 May 18-10 16:22-01:10 71, -7 0.076 203 31 2 21 139-140 2015 May 19-20 16:29-00:42 69, -11 0.080 181 24 2 21 140-141 2015 May 20-21 16:36-00:14 68, -16 0.085 160 18 2 Goldstone SNRs assume Ptx = 450 kW, Tsys = 18 K, Gain = 0.94 K/Jy ARECIBO SNRs start date window RA, dec dist runs SNR/day SNR/run 2015 May 11 18:15-19:38 85, +36 0.071 35 380 70 2015 May 12 17:32-19:50 83, +30 0.069 60 680 94 Scheduled 2015 May 13 17:09-19:47 81, +24 0.068 71 800 100 Scheduled 2015 May 14 16:51-19:34 78, +17 0.068 70 810 101 Scheduled 2015 May 15 16:48-19:16 76, +11 0.068 65 750 97 Scheduled 2015 May 16 16:50-18:48 74, +5 0.070 49 580 90 2015 May 17 17:17-18:00 73, -1 0.073 16 210 54 Assumptions: Ptx = 900 kW, Tsys = 23 K, Gain = 10 K/Jy
Track Assignments
DOY BOA BOT EOT EOA 135 2300 0030 0200 0230 DSS-14 GSSR AST 1999 FN53 136 2230 0000 0130 0200 DSS-14 GSSR AST 1999 FN53 Transmit Authorization Times: 135 MAY-15-2015 2330 - 0200 14 AST 1999 FN53 136 MAY-16-2015 2300 - 0130 14 AST 1999 FN53 Goldstone tracks: UT UT PDT Duration Round-trip DOY Date TX Window TX Window hh:mm time (sec) 135-136 May 15-16 2330-0200 1630-1900 May 15 2:30 70 136-137 May 16-17 2300-0130 1600-1830 May 16 2:30 73 TXsta times start 30 minutes into precal. Arecibo tracks: UT PDT DOY UT date TX window TX window 132 May 12 1732-1950 1032-1250 133 May 13 1709-1947 1009-1247 134 May 14 1651-1934 0951-1234 135 May 15 1648-1916 0948-1216
Uncertainties
JPL/Horizons solution 86, # obs: 353 (1999-2015): Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(a-appar)_DEC. delta POS_3sigma DOP_S_3sig DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2015-May-10 00:00 * 90.41333 44.97878 0.07664208186331 0.951 0.83 3.03 0.000267 2015-May-11 00:00 * 87.57300 39.95421 0.07324430602976 1.060 0.98 3.57 0.000238 2015-May-12 00:00 * 84.89843 34.41884 0.07058530722529 1.164 1.13 4.10 0.000205 2015-May-13 00:00 * 82.38701 28.45645 0.06875835349640 1.253 1.25 4.55 0.000169 2015-May-14 00:00 * 80.03407 22.20256 0.06783689217554 1.316 1.34 4.86 0.000135 2015-May-15 00:00 * 77.83344 15.83324 0.06786258247516 1.347 1.37 4.97 0.000108 2015-May-16 00:00 *m 75.77789 9.54034 0.06883767070142 1.343 1.34 4.87 0.000100 2015-May-17 00:00 *m 73.85958 3.50085 0.07072478887867 1.307 1.26 4.59 0.000112 2015-May-18 00:00 *m 72.07039 -2.14810 0.07345423976115 1.248 1.15 4.18 0.000138 2015-May-19 00:00 *m 70.40218 -7.32084 0.07693577365796 1.173 1.02 3.71 0.000167 2015-May-20 00:00 *m 68.84700 -11.98102 0.08107080517502 1.092 0.89 3.24 0.000196 2015-May-21 00:00 *m 67.39722 -16.13087 0.08576211888151 1.010 0.77 2.79 0.000222 2015-May-22 00:00 *m 66.04565 -19.79814 0.09092000810203 0.932 0.66 2.38 0.000246 2015-May-23 00:00 *m 64.78551 -23.02442 0.09646521484399 0.860 0.56 2.03 0.000266 2015-May-24 00:00 *m 63.61051 -25.85678 0.10232962366534 0.795 0.48 1.74 0.000284 2015-May-25 00:00 *m 62.51480 -28.34233 0.10845565413602 0.738 0.41 1.49 0.000299 ********************************************************************************************** Apparent Magnitudes, Solar Elongations, Lunar Elongations, and Lunar Illumination: Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(a-appar)_DEC. delta APmag S-O-T /r T-O-M/Illu% 2015-Apr-13 00:00 * 175.73700 74.34299 0.24538113724652 17.86 95.3355 /T 114.3/ 41.2 2015-Apr-14 00:00 * 173.85579 74.45169 0.23892573315810 17.83 94.5422 /T 114.4/ 30.3 2015-Apr-15 00:00 * 171.86006 74.54064 0.23243310917325 17.79 93.7266 /T 112.7/ 20.2 2015-Apr-16 00:00 * 169.74403 74.60755 0.22590461185273 17.76 92.8864 /T 109.2/ 11.6 2015-Apr-17 00:00 *m 167.50211 74.64972 0.21934187803668 17.73 92.0189 /T 104.1/ 5.0 2015-Apr-18 00:00 *m 165.12896 74.66399 0.21274687560930 17.69 91.1210 /T 97.9/ 1.1 2015-Apr-19 00:00 *m 162.61970 74.64667 0.20612196130688 17.66 90.1893 /T 91.0/ 0.1 2015-Apr-20 00:00 *m 159.97009 74.59338 0.19946995571776 17.62 89.2197 /T 83.8/ 2.0 2015-Apr-21 00:00 *m 157.17687 74.49895 0.19279423299468 17.59 88.2076 /T 77.0/ 6.5 2015-Apr-22 00:00 *m 154.23805 74.35727 0.18609882237688 17.55 87.1478 /T 70.8/ 13.2 2015-Apr-23 00:00 *m 151.15346 74.16108 0.17938852097781 17.52 86.0340 /T 65.7/ 21.5 2015-Apr-24 00:00 *m 147.92529 73.90179 0.17266902117285 17.49 84.8594 /T 62.0/ 30.8 2015-Apr-25 00:00 *m 144.55863 73.56924 0.16594705957074 17.46 83.6157 /T 59.9/ 40.6 2015-Apr-26 00:00 *m 141.06204 73.15150 0.15923059714557 17.43 82.2936 /T 59.8/ 50.6 2015-Apr-27 00:00 *m 137.44797 72.63455 0.15252904191045 17.40 80.8823 /T 61.4/ 60.2 2015-Apr-28 00:00 *m 133.73298 72.00205 0.14585352722779 17.37 79.3692 /T 64.9/ 69.4 2015-Apr-29 00:00 *m 129.93768 71.23500 0.13921726100738 17.35 77.7397 /T 69.8/ 77.8 2015-Apr-30 00:00 *m 126.08634 70.31141 0.13263596380468 17.34 75.9769 /T 76.1/ 85.1 2015-May-01 00:00 *m 122.20612 69.20592 0.12612841696329 17.33 74.0614 /T 83.4/ 91.2 2015-May-02 00:00 * 118.32606 67.88938 0.11971714473525 17.33 71.9707 /T 91.7/ 95.9 2015-May-03 00:00 114.46738 66.31771 0.11346547316758 17.35 69.6727 /T 100.0/ 98.7 2015-May-04 00:00 110.67937 64.47454 0.10733453177124 17.39 67.1527 /T 109.6/ 99.9 2015-May-05 00:00 106.97661 62.30729 0.10139919596744 17.44 64.3725 /T 119.6/ 99.2 2015-May-06 00:00 103.38269 59.76966 0.09570714116620 17.53 61.3003 /T 129.5/ 96.3 2015-May-07 00:00 99.91736 56.81270 0.09031563490903 17.66 57.9057 /T 138.4/ 91.5 2015-May-08 00:00 96.59607 53.38768 0.08529279708935 18. 54.1659 /T 144.8/ 84.6 2015-May-09 00:00 93.42995 49.45140 0.08071827314109 18. 50.0749 /T 145.9/ 76.0 2015-May-10 00:00 90.42598 44.97452 0.07668262889634 18. 45.6586 /T 140.5/ 66.1 2015-May-11 00:00 87.58743 39.95298 0.07328452206853 19. 40.9985 /T 129.9/ 55.1 2015-May-12 00:00 84.91432 34.42117 0.07062468292668 19. 36.2633 /T 116.1/ 43.8 2015-May-13 00:00 82.40407 28.46264 0.06879629644263 20. 31.7490 /T 100.5/ 32.5 2015-May-14 00:00 80.05205 22.21264 0.06787277637320 21. 27.9086 /T 84.0/ 22.2 2015-May-15 00:00 77.85211 15.84688 0.06789581885474 21. 25.3141 /T 67.1/ 13.2 2015-May-16 00:00 75.79706 9.55690 0.06886777951733 22. 24.4467 /T 50.7/ 6.3 2015-May-17 00:00 73.87908 3.51951 0.07075145052129 21. 25.3661 /T 36.0/ 1.9 2015-May-18 00:00 72.09007 -2.12821 0.07347730975247 21. 27.6502 /T 25.7/ 0.1 2015-May-19 00:00 70.42192 -7.30049 0.07695526397409 20. 30.7140 /T 24.8/ 1.0 2015-May-20 00:00 68.86671 -11.96081 0.08108684572455 20. 34.0889 /T 32.8/ 4.3 2015-May-21 00:00 67.41682 -16.11126 0.08577491460034 20. 37.4833 /T 44.3/ 9.7 2015-May-22 00:00 66.06506 -19.77940 0.09092980195922 19. 40.7411 /T 56.3/ 16.7 2015-May-23 00:00 64.80469 -23.00673 0.09647226076139 19. 43.7899 /T 68.1/ 24.9 2015-May-24 00:00 63.62942 -25.84020 0.10233416911269 19. 46.6048 /T 79.2/ 33.9 2015-May-25 00:00 62.53339 -28.32688 0.10845793032722 19. 49.1865 /T 89.5/ 43.3 2015-May-26 00:00 61.51120 -30.51091 0.11479526532241 19. 51.5479 /L 98.9/ 52.8 2015-May-27 00:00 60.55781 -32.43214 0.12130582679749 18. 53.7078 /L 107.4/ 62.1 2015-May-28 00:00 59.66858 -34.12568 0.12795586342874 18.41 55.6863 /L 114.7/ 71.0 2015-May-29 00:00 58.83919 -35.62206 0.13471703497645 18.36 57.5031 /L 120.5/ 79.3 2015-May-30 00:00 58.06565 -36.94756 0.14156540805105 18.33 59.1765 /L 124.5/ 86.5 2015-May-31 00:00 57.34427 -38.12471 0.14848062706311 18.30 60.7233 /L 126.3/ 92.5 2015-Jun-01 00:00 56.67160 -39.17285 0.15544524027606 18.29 62.1581 /L 125.8/ 96.9 2015-Jun-02 00:00 56.04447 -40.10851 0.16244415709649 18.28 63.4941 /L 123.0/ 99.4 2015-Jun-03 00:00 55.45989 -40.94588 0.16946421402974 18.28 64.7428 /L 118.2/ 99.7 2015-Jun-04 00:00 54.91507 -41.69720 0.17649382988288 18.29 65.9143 /L 111.9/ 97.8 2015-Jun-05 00:00 54.40741 -42.37301 0.18352273409057 18.29 67.0173 /L 104.6/ 93.5 2015-Jun-06 00:00 53.93442 -42.98243 0.19054175467924 18.30 68.0596 /L 96.7/ 87.0 2015-Jun-07 00:00 53.49374 -43.53342 0.19754265423990 18.32 69.0481 /L 88.7/ 78.6 2015-Jun-08 00:00 53.08312 -44.03289 0.20451800364537 18.33 69.9888 /L 80.8/ 68.6 2015-Jun-09 00:00 * 52.68722 -44.49197 0.21147719489096 18.35 70.8940 /L 73.5/ 58.0 2015-Jun-10 00:00 * 52.33065 -44.90545 0.21838263419635 18.36 71.7542 /L 67.3/ 46.7 2015-Jun-11 00:00 * 51.99792 -45.28343 0.22524418092759 18.38 72.5807 /L 62.5/ 35.5 2015-Jun-12 00:00 * 51.68712 -45.62997 0.23205685055652 18.40 73.3774 /L 59.5/ 25.1 2015-Jun-13 00:00 * 51.39642 -45.94868 0.23881613729489 18.41 74.1476 /L 58.7/ 15.9 2015-Jun-14 00:00 *m 51.12409 -46.24271 0.24551797428541 18.43 74.8942 /L 60.1/ 8.6 2015-Jun-15 00:00 *m 50.86847 -46.51486 0.25215869552023 18.45 75.6199 /L 63.5/ 3.5 2015-Jun-16 00:00 *m 50.62801 -46.76759 0.25873499833331 18.47 76.3269 /L 68.3/ 0.7 2015-Jun-17 00:00 *m 50.40122 -47.00309 0.26524390650780 18.49 77.0174 /L 74.1/ 0.4 2015-Jun-18 00:00 *m 50.18673 -47.22331 0.27168273509083 18.51 77.6932 /L 80.6/ 2.4
Setups
We're going to start with a standard CW setup: CW setup: --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TX polarization RCP RCV polarization LCP & RCP Frequency hops: no hopping Bandwidth: 4000 Hz TXoffset +500 Hz FFT for PFS files: 4000 for 1.0 Hz resolution Ranging setups: --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10-usec baud 10 usec code 127 PRP 1270 usec FFT 128 ncoh 1 bandwidth 787 Hz resolution 6.15 Hz TXOFF +100Hz (echo in bin 32 + 8 = 40) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11-usec baud 11 usec code 127 PRP 1397 usec FFT 64 ncoh 1 bandwidth 716 Hz resolution 11.2 Hz TXOFF +100 Hz (echo in bin 32 + 9= 41) ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-usec baud 1 usec code 255 FFT 512 ncoh 16 bandwidth 245 Hz resolution 0.48 Hz TXOFF +50 Hz ---------------------------------------------------------------------
Instructions
NOTE: Data should be moved to the appropriate subdirectories in aardvark:/export/data0/a285331/raw/
POINTING:
OSOD and predicts will be on aardvark: ...not available yet... POINTING TX Offsets Date (UTC) DOY hhmmss RA Dec Macro LHA Dec RTT OSOD ... to be added ... Transmit offsets are given in millidegrees.
PRDX.OUT.14f-14-14.?? TRANSMITTER: STATION #14, RECEIVER: STATION #14 RECEIVER U.T. RANGE DOPPLER LHA DEC RA EL
1999 FN53 GOLDSTONE MASTERLOG
============================================================================== Receive TX Setup hops dwell code ncoh FFT runs start -stop OSOD offset Poln Notes ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dr. Lance A. M. Benner | PHONE: (818) 354-7412 Mail Stop 183-601 | FAX: (818) 393-4445 Jet Propulsion Laboratory | email: lance.benner@jpl.nasa.gov California Institute of Technology | Plan: To live long and prosper Pasadena, CA 91109-8099 http://echo.jpl.nasa.gov/asteroids/1999FN53/1999FN53_planning.html
Asteroid Radar Astronomy
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