Goldstone Radar Observations Planning: (159402) 1999 AP10
1999 AP10 was discovered on 1999 January 14 by LINEAR. This asteroid has an absolute magnitude of 16.1, a rotation period of 7.9 hours, and a lightcurve amplitude of about 0.4 magnitudes. Arecibo delay-Doppler imaging in 2009 led by M. Brozovic revealed an object about 2 km in diameter whose leading edge is rounded at some longitudes but has flat regions and a more tapered appearance at others. This asteroid will approach within 0.0807 au on 2020 October 19. Observations at Goldstone are are scheduled on a single date on October 24. Observations will probably be scheduled at Arecibo, although the dates are not yet available. We are expecting SNRs at Goldstone that should be strong enough for delay-Doppler imaging. The SNRs at Arecibo should be strong enough for imaging at 7.5 m/pixel. The 2020 Earth flyby is the closest by this asteroid until after the year 2500.
Orbital and Physical Characteristics Name 1999 AP10 Asteroid number 159402 Discoverer LINEAR Discovery date 1999 January 14 orbit type Amor Close approach dist. 0.0806 au Close approach dist. 31.4 lunar distances Close approach date 2020 Oct 19 semimajor axis 2.377 au eccentricity 0.575 inclination 7.6 deg Orbital period 3.665 years perihelion distance 1.010 au aphelion distance 3.744 au Tisserand parameter absolute magnitude (H) 16.1 diameter ~2 km optical albedo unknown rotation period 7.91 h lightcurve amplitude 0.4 mag pole direction unknown spectral class unknown PHA? No Last update: 2020 July 13
1999 AP10 https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/J99/J99B05.html
Goldstone SNRs SNRs assume Ptx = 250 kW and D = 2 km (based on previous radar results), P = 7.9 h, radar albedo = 0.1, Tsys = 17 K. w DOY start date window RA, dec dist runs SNR/day SNR/run 40 275 2020 Oct 01 01:18-10:14 340, +3 0.121 133 36 3 40 276 2020 Oct 02 01:08-10:14 339, +4 0.118 140 42 4 40 277 2020 Oct 03 00:58-10:13 339, +6 0.114 147 48 4 40 278 2020 Oct 04 00:48-10:13 339, +8 0.110 154 55 5 41 279 2020 Oct 05 00:38-10:13 338, +10 0.107 162 63 5 41 280 2020 Oct 06 00:27-10:14 338, +12 0.104 170 72 6 41 281 2020 Oct 07 00:16-10:14 338, +14 0.101 179 82 7 41 282 2020 Oct 08 00:05-10:15 337, +16 0.098 188 92 7 41 282-283 2020 Oct 08-09 23:53-10:16 337, +18 0.095 197 100 8 41 283-284 2020 Oct 09-10 23:42-10:17 337, +21 0.093 207 120 9 Elevation > 75 degrees: 41 284-285 2020 Oct 10-11 23:29-10:19 336, +24 0.090 217 130 10 0410-0535 41 285-286 2020 Oct 11-12 23:17-10:21 336, +26 0.088 227 140 10 0350-0545 42 286-287 2020 Oct 12-13 23:04-10:23 336, +29 0.086 237 160 11 0335-0550 42 287-288 2020 Oct 13-14 22:51-10:26 335, +32 0.085 247 170 12 0325-0550 42 288-289 2020 Oct 14-15 22:37-10:29 335, +35 0.083 257 180 13 0315-0545 42 289-290 2020 Oct 15-16 22:22-10:32 334, +38 0.082 267 200 13 0310-0540 42 290-291 2020 Oct 16-17 22:07-10:36 334, +42 0.081 277 210 14 0305-0530 42 291-292 2020 Oct 17-18 21:51-10:41 333, +45 0.081 287 220 14 0310-0515 42 292-293 2020 Oct 18-19 21:34-10:47 333, +48 0.081 296 220 14 0320-0450 43 293-294 2020 Oct 19-20 21:16-10:54 332, +51 0.081 306 230 14 43 294-295 2020 Oct 20-21 20:57-11:02 332, +55 0.081 315 230 14 43 295-296 2020 Oct 21-22 20:35-11:12 331, +58 0.081 325 230 14 43 296-297 2020 Oct 22-23 20:11-11:25 330, +61 0.082 336 220 13 43 297-298 2020 Oct 23-24 19:44-11:42 330, +64 0.083 348 220 13 Scheduled 0350-1140 UT 43 298-299 2020 Oct 24-25 19:11-12:05 329, +67 0.084 363 210 12 43 299-300 2020 Oct 25-26 18:31-12:41 328, +70 0.086 383 200 11 44 300-301 2020 Oct 26-27 17:36-13:57 326, +73 0.087 416 190 11 44 301-302 2020 Oct 27-28 15:58-12:03 325, +75 0.089 485 190 10 Circumpolar starts 44 302-303 2020 Oct 28-29 17:29-13:19 322, +78 0.091 474 170 9 44 303-304 2020 Oct 29-30 15:40-13:21 319, +80 0.093 463 160 8 44 304-305 2020 Oct 30-31 14:58-11:27 315, +83 0.096 452 150 7 44 305-306 2020 Oct 31-01 15:57-07:33 307, +85 0.098 441 130 7 44 306-307 2020 Nov 01-02 18:37-06:34 294, +86 0.100 431 120 6 45 307-308 2020 Nov 02-03 16:52-04:37 267, +87 0.103 420 110 6 45 308-309 2020 Nov 03-04 14:15-02:00 228, +88 0.105 410 100 5 45 309-310 2020 Nov 04-05 12:07-00:07 199, +87 0.108 401 91 5 45 310 2020 Nov 05 11:01-23:04 184, +85 0.111 391 82 4 45 311-312 2020 Nov 06-07 10:26-01:52 176, +84 0.114 381 74 4 45 312-313 2020 Nov 07-08 06:50-00:41 171, +83 0.116 371 66 4 45 313 2020 Nov 08 07:18-23:55 168, +81 0.120 362 60 3 46 314 2020 Nov 09 07:32-23:21 166, +80 0.123 353 54 3 46 315-316 2020 Nov 10-11 06:13-00:09 164, +79 0.126 344 48 3 46 316 2020 Nov 11 06:32-23:38 162, +77 0.129 335 44 3 46 317 2020 Nov 12 06:44-23:13 161, +76 0.132 327 39 2 46 318-319 2020 Nov 13-14 06:52-22:52 160, +75 0.135 320 36 2 46 319-320 2020 Nov 14-15 06:57-01:23 159, +74 0.138 287 31 2 Circumpolar ends Horizons were adjusted up to 35 deg on dates when the asteroid is circumpolar (Oct 27-Nov 15) to make the asteroid appear to set. SNRs assume Ptx = 250 kW and D = 2 km (based on previous radar results). 1999 AP10 ARECIBO SNRs start date window RA, dec dist runs SNR/day SNR/run 2020 Oct 01 01:38-03:14 340, +3 0.122 23 450 100 2020 Oct 02 01:25-03:16 339, +4 0.118 28 590 120 2020 Oct 03 01:13-03:17 339, +6 0.114 32 730 140 2020 Oct 04 01:03-03:18 339, +8 0.111 36 880 150 2020 Oct 05 00:53-03:17 338, +9 0.107 40 1000 170 2020 Oct 06 00:44-03:16 338, +11 0.104 44 1200 190 2020 Oct 07 00:35-03:13 338, +13 0.101 47 1400 210 2020 Oct 08 00:28-03:10 337, +16 0.098 50 1600 240 2020 Oct 09 00:21-03:06 337, +18 0.095 48 1700 260 2020 Oct 10 00:15-03:01 337, +21 0.093 54 2000 290 2020 Oct 11 00:11-02:54 336, +23 0.091 54 2200 310 2020 Oct 12 00:09-02:45 336, +26 0.088 53 2400 340 2020 Oct 13 00:09-02:34 336, +29 0.087 50 2500 370 2020 Oct 14 00:12-02:20 335, +32 0.085 45 2400 390 2020 Oct 15 00:22-01:58 335, +35 0.084 35 2000 370 2020 Oct 16 00:57-01:11 334, +38 0.082 5 600 270 Arecibo SNRs assume Ptx = 700 kW, Tsys = 25 K, and D = 2 km.
Track Assignments
DOY BOA BOT EOT EOA 298 0350 1140 GSSR AST 1999 AP10 Goldstone tracks: UT UT PST Duration Round-trip DOY Date TX Window TX Window hh:mm time (sec) SNR/RTT 298 Oct 24 0350-1140 2050-0440 Oct 23-24 7:50 83 13 Scheduled 0350-1140 UT 1999 AP10 will complete nearly one full rotation during the Goldstone track. Arecibo tracks: UT UT PST Round-trip Date TX Window TX Window time (sec) ...Not available yet, but probably between Oct. 8-15...
Uncertainties
1999 AP10 JPL/Horizons solution 120, # obs: 863 (1999-2020) 2020 July 13 Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(a-appar)_DEC. delta POS_3sigma DOP_S_3sig DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2020-Oct-01 00:00 * 339.80892 2.40063 0.12232556645954 0.918 0.07 0.24 0.000367 2020-Oct-02 00:00 * 339.49690 3.94584 0.11845692213411 0.950 0.07 0.25 0.000367 2020-Oct-03 00:00 * 339.18108 5.59354 0.11472342355563 0.985 0.08 0.29 0.000366 2020-Oct-04 00:00 * 338.86124 7.34917 0.11113186923930 1.022 0.10 0.36 0.000364 2020-Oct-05 00:00 * 338.53705 9.21799 0.10768985552792 1.062 0.13 0.46 0.000360 2020-Oct-06 00:00 * 338.20813 11.20487 0.10440577338105 1.104 0.16 0.58 0.000356 2020-Oct-07 00:00 * 337.87401 13.31408 0.10128878235795 1.148 0.20 0.72 0.000350 2020-Oct-08 00:00 * 337.53410 15.54905 0.09834875479430 1.195 0.24 0.87 0.000343 2020-Oct-09 00:00 * 337.18771 17.91203 0.09559618225198 1.244 0.29 1.04 0.000334 2020-Oct-10 00:00 * 336.83401 20.40374 0.09304203603275 1.295 0.34 1.22 0.000324 2020-Oct-11 00:00 * 336.47202 23.02306 0.09069757437547 1.347 0.39 1.41 0.000311 2020-Oct-12 00:00 * 336.10060 25.76662 0.08857409145646 1.400 0.44 1.61 0.000297 2020-Oct-13 00:00 * 335.71840 28.62849 0.08668260800433 1.452 0.50 1.82 0.000281 2020-Oct-14 00:00 * 335.32381 31.59998 0.08503351049268 1.503 0.56 2.02 0.000263 2020-Oct-15 00:00 *m 334.91490 34.66951 0.08363615508465 1.552 0.61 2.22 0.000243 2020-Oct-16 00:00 *m 334.48929 37.82263 0.08249846215342 1.597 0.66 2.41 0.000222 2020-Oct-17 00:00 *m 334.04403 41.04228 0.08162653429056 1.636 0.71 2.58 0.000199 2020-Oct-18 00:00 *m 333.57530 44.30921 0.08102433194478 1.670 0.75 2.73 0.000175 2020-Oct-19 00:00 *m 333.07816 47.60255 0.08069343504222 1.696 0.79 2.86 0.000150 2020-Oct-20 00:00 *m 332.54613 50.90055 0.08063290868102 1.713 0.81 2.95 0.000125 2020-Oct-21 00:00 *m 331.97063 54.18136 0.08083928060721 1.722 0.83 3.01 0.000102 2020-Oct-22 00:00 *m 331.34023 57.42382 0.08130662983469 1.723 0.84 3.04 0.000082 2020-Oct-23 00:00 *m 330.63949 60.60821 0.08202677841927 1.715 0.84 3.04 0.000069 2020-Oct-24 00:00 *m 329.84713 63.71678 0.08298957063573 1.698 0.83 3.00 0.000067 2020-Oct-25 00:00 *m 328.93311 66.73417 0.08418321636512 1.675 0.81 2.94 0.000076 2020-Oct-26 00:00 *m 327.85368 69.64754 0.08559467057505 1.645 0.79 2.86 0.000094 2020-Oct-27 00:00 *m 326.54262 72.44641 0.08721001999833 1.610 0.76 2.76 0.000114 2020-Oct-28 00:00 *m 324.89487 75.12222 0.08901485149899 1.571 0.73 2.64 0.000136 2020-Oct-29 00:00 *m 322.73362 77.66738 0.09099458287005 1.529 0.69 2.52 0.000158 2020-Oct-30 00:00 * 319.73833 80.07333 0.09313474418425 1.484 0.66 2.39 0.000180 2020-Oct-31 00:00 * 315.26936 82.32619 0.09542120480188 1.438 0.62 2.26 0.000201
Apparent Magnitudes, Solar Elongations, Lunar Elongations, and Lunar Illumination: Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(a-appar)_DEC. delta APmag S-brt S-O-T /r T-O-M/MN_Illu% 2020-Aug-02 00:00 346.42718 -19.28062 0.56036289694881 16.774 n.a. 147.9443 /L 50.5/ 96.9375 2020-Aug-04 00:00 346.67230 -19.22399 0.53879626535232 16.644 n.a. 149.4526 /L 25.4/ 99.7723 2020-Aug-06 00:00 346.89024 -19.16346 0.51773094412343 16.512 n.a. 150.9706 /L 7.607/ 94.3524 2020-Aug-08 00:00 347.07970 -19.09764 0.49716776552824 16.376 n.a. 152.4973 /L 25.6/ 82.3852 2020-Aug-10 00:00 347.23937 -19.02490 0.47710791868959 16.237 n.a. 154.0312 /L 48.6/ 65.9859 2020-Aug-12 00:00 347.36798 -18.94336 0.45755269396973 16.096 n.a. 155.5702 /L 71.9/ 47.2287 2020-Aug-14 00:00 347.46430 -18.85085 0.43850329655759 15.951 n.a. 157.1113 /L 96.1/ 28.2886 2020-Aug-16 00:00 347.52718 -18.74487 0.41996071509976 15.804 n.a. 158.6500 /L 121.6/ 11.9333 2020-Aug-18 00:00 347.55565 -18.62255 0.40192547502491 15.653 n.a. 160.1804 /L 148.5/ 1.7639 2020-Aug-20 00:00 347.54902 -18.48057 0.38439704567944 15.499 n.a. 161.6940 /L 172.5/ 1.2910 2020-Aug-22 00:00 347.50696 -18.31509 0.36737292409012 15.343 n.a. 163.1791 /L 151.7/ 11.7306 2020-Aug-24 00:00 347.42946 -18.12182 0.35084796952942 15.185 n.a. 164.6199 /L 123.1/ 30.5909 2020-Aug-26 00:00 347.31662 -17.89601 0.33481462222959 15.024 n.a. 165.9945 /L 95.1/ 52.9491 2020-Aug-28 00:00 347.16845 -17.63250 0.31926384884647 14.863 n.a. 167.2732 /L 68.1/ 73.8663 2020-Aug-30 00:00 346.98484 -17.32560 0.30418615097551 14.703 n.a. 168.4153 /L 42.0/ 89.7107 2020-Sep-01 00:00 346.76565 -16.96899 0.28957227082683 14.545 n.a. 169.3674 /L 17.2/ 98.3872 2020-Sep-03 00:00 346.51080 -16.55562 0.27541358807650 14.392 n.a. 170.0646 /L 9.839/ 99.2357 2020-Sep-05 00:00 346.22036 -16.07752 0.26170228301979 14.248 n.a. 170.4406 /L 32.8/ 92.7857 2020-Sep-07 00:00 345.89460 -15.52574 0.24843134860664 14.115 n.a. 170.4463 /T 56.4/ 80.3271 2020-Sep-09 00:00 345.53403 -14.89014 0.23559456743255 13.993 n.a. 170.0703 /T 80.2/ 63.4849 2020-Sep-11 00:00 345.13950 -14.15924 0.22318656020573 13.882 n.a. 169.3422 /T 104.7/ 44.1096 2020-Sep-13 00:00 344.71222 -13.32001 0.21120292023535 13.778 n.a. 168.3172 /T 130.5/ 24.6260 2020-Sep-15 00:00 344.25388 -12.35761 0.19964030877288 13.678 n.a. 167.0553 /T 158.1/ 8.5893 2020-Sep-17 00:00 343.76680 -11.25502 0.18849629970757 13.582 n.a. 165.6083 /T 172.6/ 0.5049 2020-Sep-19 00:00 343.25401 -9.99277 0.17776898724640 13.486 n.a. 164.0155 /T 142.4/ 3.7535 2020-Sep-21 00:00 342.71887 -8.54859 0.16745701631805 13.391 n.a. 162.3042 /T 112.6/ 17.8002 2020-Sep-23 00:00 342.16453 -6.89717 0.15756084967765 13.295 n.a. 160.4904 /T 84.2/ 38.2828 2020-Sep-25 00:00 341.59342 -5.00982 0.14808500325763 13.199 n.a. 158.5806 /T 57.5/ 59.9470 2020-Sep-27 00:00 341.00724 -2.85407 0.13904025038637 13.103 n.a. 156.5727 /T 33.0/ 78.7866 2020-Sep-29 00:00 340.40692 -0.39349 0.13044538558982 13.008 n.a. 154.4566 /T 14.1/ 92.2992 2020-Oct-01 00:00 339.79263 2.41209 0.12232872891478 12.915 n.a. 152.2148 /T 22.2/ 99.1072 2020-Oct-03 00:00 339.16371 5.60558 0.11472950935216 12.826 n.a. 149.8234 /T 43.1/ 98.7283 2020-Oct-05 00:00 338.51850 9.23045 0.10769900733682 12.744 n.a. 147.2530 /T 64.7/ 91.4654 2020-Oct-07 00:00 337.85416 13.32673 0.10130111621864 12.671 n.a. 144.4719 /T 85.8/ 78.2411 2020-Oct-09 00:00 337.16642 17.92451 0.09561176522915 12.613 n.a. 141.4513 /T 105.8/ 60.4443 2020-Oct-11 00:00 336.44912 23.03490 0.09071639573947 12.573 n.a. 138.1734 /T 123.3/ 40.0448 2020-Oct-13 00:00 335.69366 28.63911 0.08670454718389 12.556 n.a. 134.6417 /T 134.3/ 20.1031 2020-Oct-15 00:00 334.88803 34.67826 0.08366095399611 12.566 n.a. 130.8923 /T 133.5/ 5.1774 2020-Oct-17 00:00 334.01465 41.04853 0.08165378544700 12.606 n.a. 126.9999 /T 122.1/ 0.1870 2020-Oct-19 00:00 333.04576 47.60579 0.08072259621180 12.677 n.a. 123.0749 /T 108.0/ 7.2126 2020-Oct-21 00:00 331.93447 54.18128 0.08086971884139 12.775 n.a. 119.2495 /T 96.4/ 23.6162 2020-Oct-23 00:00 330.59853 60.60473 0.08205783385984 12.897 n.a. 115.6565 /T 89.3/ 44.2665 2020-Oct-25 00:00 328.88580 66.72742 0.08421426746655 13.036 n.a. 112.4084 /T 86.1/ 64.6479 2020-Oct-27 00:00 326.48652 72.43663 0.08724053271499 13.185 n.a. 109.5830 /T 84.6/ 81.7939 2020-Oct-29 00:00 322.66504 77.65477 0.09102413542005 13.337 n.a. 107.2196 /T 83.0/ 93.8349 2020-Oct-31 00:00 315.18527 82.31071 0.09544948989006 13.487 n.a. 105.3237 /T 79.9/ 99.5456 2020-Nov-02 00:00 293.83132 86.16926 0.10040600135594 13.631 n.a. 103.8762 /T 75.0/ 98.2660 2020-Nov-04 00:00 221.96529 87.39902 0.10579291217978 13.766 n.a. 102.8435 /T 69.3/ 90.0027 2020-Nov-06 00:00 181.32165 84.97102 0.11152149966079 13.892 n.a. 102.1854 /L 64.1/ 75.4866 2020-Nov-08 00:00 169.94260 82.10594 0.11751552730645 14.007 n.a. 101.8605 /L 62.0/ 56.2137 2020-Nov-10 00:00 164.87195 79.42584 0.12371076613435 14.111 n.a. 101.8299 /L 65.5/ 34.7085 2020-Nov-12 00:00 161.89825 76.98790 0.13005416961726 14.206 n.a. 102.0585 /L 75.5/ 14.9954 2020-Nov-14 00:00 159.84299 74.78194 0.13650296489895 14.292 n.a. 102.5155 /L 90.5/ 2.3479 2020-Nov-16 00:00 158.25619 72.78508 0.14302352890474 14.369 n.a. 103.1740 /L 107.5/ 0.9479 2020-Nov-18 00:00 156.93075 70.97286 0.14958981219505 14.439 n.a. 104.0106 /L 122.2/ 10.8345 2020-Nov-20 00:00 155.75865 69.32252 0.15618162160822 14.503 n.a. 105.0048 /L 130.3/ 28.1324 2020-Nov-22 00:00 154.67772 67.81392 0.16278344131359 14.560 n.a. 106.1394 /L 128.9/ 48.1500 2020-Nov-24 00:00 153.64892 66.42952 0.16938393017252 14.612 n.a. 107.4000 /L 119.6/ 67.3808 2020-Nov-26 00:00 152.64599 65.15405 0.17597573807937 14.660 n.a. 108.7746 /L 105.6/ 83.5098 2020-Nov-28 00:00 151.65025 63.97404 0.18255538082711 14.704 n.a. 110.2533 /L 89.3/ 94.8098 2020-Nov-30 00:00 150.64796 62.87759 0.18912313988966 14.744 n.a. 111.8277 /L 72.0/ 99.8393
Setups
Due the 7.9 h rotation period and a diameter of roughly 2 km, we are expecting a bandwidth of roughly 25 Hz. CW setup: --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TX polarization RCP RCV polarization LCP & RCP Frequency hops: no hopping Bandwidth: 5000 Hz TXoffset +500 Hz FFT 5000 for 1 Hz resolution Ranging setups: --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10-usec baud 10 usec code 127 PRP 1270 usec ncoh 1 bandwidth 787 Hz FFT 128 resolution 6.15 Hz TXoffset +100 Hz (echo in column 80) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11-usec baud 11 usec code 127 PRP 1397 usec ncoh 1 bandwidth 716 Hz FFT 128 resolution 5.6 Hz TXoffset +100 Hz (echo in column 82) ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-usec baud 1 usec code 255 ncoh 16 bandwidth 245 Hz FFT 128 resolution 1.9 Hz TXoffset +50 Hz (echo in column 116) ---------------------------------------------------------------------
Instructions
NOTE: Data should be moved to the appropriate subdirectories in aardvark:/export/data0/1999ap10/raw/
POINTING:
OSOD and predicts will be on aardvark: ...not available yet... POINTING TX Offsets Date (UTC) DOY hhmmss RA Dec Macro LHA Dec RTT OSOD ... to be added ... Transmit offsets are given in millidegrees.
PRDX.OUT.14f-14-14.?? TRANSMITTER: STATION #14, RECEIVER: STATION #14 RECEIVER U.T. RANGE DOPPLER LHA DEC RA EL
1999 AP10 GOLDSTONE MASTERLOG
============================================================================== Receive TX Setup hops dwell code ncoh FFT runs start -stop OSOD offset Poln Notes ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dr. Lance A. M. Benner | PHONE: (818) 354-7412 Mail Stop 183-601 | FAX: (818) 393-4445 Jet Propulsion Laboratory | email: lance.benner@jpl.nasa.gov California Institute of Technology | Plan: To live long and prosper Pasadena, CA 91109-8099 http://echo.jpl.nasa.gov/asteroids/1999AP10/1999ap10.2020.planning.html
Asteroid Radar Astronomy