6239 Minos (1989 QF) Planning
6239 Minos (1989 QF) was discovered by Carolyn and Gene Shoemaker at Palomar on August 31, 1989. It will approach within 0.056 AU (21.5 lunar distances) on February 2, 2004. Its absolute magnitude of 17.9 suggests that it is within a factor of two of about 1.0 km in diameter. On January 23, 2004, Petr Pravec reported that the rotation period is 3.556 +/- 0.001 hours and that the lightcurve amplitude is low. This indicates that Minos is a rapid rotator and suggests that it has a low elongation. The optical albedo and taxonomic class are unknown. With such a rapid rotation period, we should obtain thorough rotation phase coverage during our tracks. Minos will be a moderately strong radar target and we hope to image it with a range resolution of at least 75 m/pixel (0.5 usec).
Due to its size and the proximity of its orbit to that of Earth, Minos has been classified as a "Potentially Hazardous Asteroid" by the International Astronomical Union's Minor Planet Center. These will be combined Goldstone and Arecibo observations. Goldstone observations are scheduled on January 30-February 2 and Arecibo time has been requested for February 5-9.
Orbital and Physical Characteristics orbit type Apollo semimajor axis 1.151 AU eccentricity 0.413 inclination 3.94° perihelion distance 0.676 AU aphelion distance 1.626 AU absolute magnitude (H) 17.9 diameter unknown, but probably between 0.6 - 1.6 km rotation period 3.556 h (Petr Pravec, Peter Kusnirak, and Don Pray) pole direction unknown lightcurve amplitude 0.08, suggesting a low elongation spectral class unknown Special thanks to Petr Pravec and Peter Kusnirak (Ondrejov Observatory, Czech Republic), and Don Pray (Carbuncle Hill Observatory, Greene, Rhode Island) for communicating the lightcurve results prior to the start of the radar campaign. Last updated: 2004 February 9
Discovery Announcement
Circular No. 4847
Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams
INTERNATIONAL ASTRONOMICAL UNION
Postal Address: Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams
Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Telephone 617-495-7244/7440/7444 (for emergency use only)
TWX 710-320-6842 ASTROGRAM CAM EASYLINK 62794505
MARSDEN or GREEN@CFA.BITNET MARSDEN or GREEN@CFAPS2.SPAN
1989 QF
C. S. and E. M. Shoemaker report their discovery of a fast-moving
asteroidal object. The following 0.46-m Schmidt positions are available:
1989 UT R.A. (1950) Decl. V Observer
Aug. 31.40503 0 14 29.17 + 0 16 29.5 17 Shoemaker
Sept. 1.36631 0 09 06.47 + 0 00 50.5 "
4.40920 23 53 10.98 - 0 46 12.9 "
5.30347 23 48 51.85 - 0 59 14.1 16.0 Helin
5.42483 23 48 15.39 - 1 00 54.0 "
C. S. and E. M. Shoemaker (Palomar).
E. F. Helin, B. P. Roman, and R. Crockett (Palomar).
Preliminary orbital elements from four observations:
T = 1989 June 4.585 ET Peri. = 239.251
e = 0.41744 Node = 344.210 1950.0
q = 0.67197 AU Incl. = 3.998
a = 1.15347 AU n = 0.795595 P = 1.24 years
1989 ET R.A. (1950) Decl. Delta r V
Sept. 1 0 11.14 + 0 07.2 0.194 1.189 15.7
6 23 45.58 - 1 08.7
11 23 24.69 - 2 12.5 0.245 1.251 15.7
16 23 08.17 - 3 03.6
21 22 55.50 - 3 43.0 0.312 1.309 16.7
26 22 46.12 - 4 12.0
Oct. 1 22 39.55 - 4 31.5 0.394 1.363 17.5
1989 September 6 (4847) Daniel W. E. Green
Hmag = 17.9
Diameter = 0.832 (assumes H = 17.9 and an S-class optical albedo)
Period = 4 (an educated guess)
The SNR estimates below adopt RA, DEC, and delta at 00:00 UTC on each date; actual
view periods may differ, in some cases, substantially.
------------GOLDSTONE---------- -------------ARECIBO-----------
Max Max
Dat Run UTC Dat Run UTC
Date RA Decl Delta Runs SNR SNR Window Runs SNR SNR Window
2004 1 27 85 63 0.073 391 102 6 21:18-36:53 0 0 0 -
2004 1 28 75 64 0.069 421 129 7 20:30-36:17 0 0 0 -
2004 1 29 64 64 0.065 447 160 9 19:36-35:36 0 0 0 -
2004 1 30 52 64 0.062 461 192 10 18:48-34:36 0 0 0 -
2004 1 31 39 62 0.060 460 223 12 18:06-33:30 0 0 0 -
2004 2 1 28 59 0.058 449 247 13 17:36-32:23 0 0 0 -
2004 2 2 18 55 0.057 431 259 14 17:11-31:18 0 0 0 -
2004 2 3 10 50 0.056 409 258 14 16:53-30:23 0 0 0 -
2004 2 4 3 45 0.057 385 242 14 16:41-29:36 0 0 0 -
2004 2 5 358 35 0.060 360 216 13 16:36-28:53 49 910 150 18:24-19:46
2004 2 6 353 30 0.062 334 185 11 16:30-28:18 63 1050 140 17:39-19:52
2004 2 7 350 25 0.065 309 154 10 16:23-27:41 67 910 120 17:12-19:47
2004 2 8 347 21 0.069 285 124 8 16:18-27:18 66 740 100 16:53-19:36
2004 2 9 344 18 0.073 262 99 7 16:18-26:48 62 590 80 16:40-19:24
2004 2 10 342 17 0.074 241 77 5 16:11-26:30 62 590 78 16:36-19:18
2004 2 11 340 13 0.079 222 60 4 16:11-26:06 57 450 63 16:30-19:06
2004 2 12 339 10 0.084 204 46 4 16:11-25:48 51 340 52 16:23-18:48
2004 2 13 337 8 0.089 189 36 3 16:06-25:30 44 250 42 16:23-18:36
2004 2 14 336 5 0.094 174 28 2 16:06-25:18 37 180 34 16:23-18:18
Arecibo SNRs reflects current system sensitivity as of January 6, 2004 (transmitter power ~700 kW).
Entries on February 5-9 show geocentric distances at the mid-epochs of the observations
and actual rise and set times.
UT UT Duration
DOY Date TX Window PST TX Window (hh:mm) Rotations
--- ---- --------- ---------------------------- ------- ---------
030 Jan 30 0545-0830 2145-0030 Thursday Jan 29-30 2:45 0.77
031 Jan 31 0430-0830 2030-0030 Friday Jan 30-31 4:00 1.12
032 Feb 01 0245-0745 1845-2345 Saturday Jan 31 5:00 1.41
033 Feb 02 0215-0630 1815-2230 Sunday Feb 01 4:15 1.20
Scheduled Arecibo Tracks
------------------------
UT UT Duration
DOY Date TX Window PST TX Window AST TX Window (hh:mm) Rotations
--- ---- --------- ------------- ------------- -------- ---------
036 Feb 05 1824-1946 1024-1146 1424-1546 1:22 0.38
037 Feb 06 1739-1952 0939-1152 1339-1552 2:13 0.62
038 Feb 07 1712-1947 0912-1147 1312-1547 2:35 0.73
039 Feb 08 1653-1936 0853-1136 1253-1536 2:43 0.76
040 Feb 09 1640-1924 0840-1124 1240-1524 2:44 0.77
Sky Motion
Arecibo rotation phase coverage
From Horizons (2003 December 15): JPL solution # 17, # obs: 95 (1983-2003)
Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(a-appar)_DEC. delta POS_3sigma DOP_S-sig DOP_X-sig RT_delay-sig
2004-Jan-30 00:00 51.81455 63.65046 0.0620036015 9.30116122 1.04 3.70 0.003460
2004-Jan-31 00:00 39.35645 61.97598 0.0595286423 10.2845367 0.89 3.19 0.003381
2004-Feb-01 00:00 27.83335 59.08853 0.0577231825 11.4051442 0.72 2.59 0.003243
2004-Feb-02 00:00 17.90648 55.14619 0.0566480905 12.5753223 0.54 1.94 0.003042
2004-Feb-03 00:00 9.71795 50.43010 0.0563445047 13.6702764 0.38 1.35 0.002780
2004-Feb-04 00:00 3.09022 45.25882 0.0568266669 14.5621162 0.32 1.16 0.002465
2004-Feb-05 00:00 357.74004 39.92776 0.0580794007 15.1576408 0.45 1.59 0.002114
2004-Feb-06 00:00 353.39364 34.67578 0.0600612678 15.4206082 0.65 2.32 0.001746
2004-Feb-07 00:00 349.82518 29.67246 0.0627120931 15.3701755 0.87 3.10 0.001381
2004-Feb-08 00:00 346.86001 25.02076 0.0659620919 15.0622082 1.08 3.86 0.001044
2004-Feb-09 00:00 344.36630 20.76911 0.0697400039 14.5666368 1.28 4.57 0.000768
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
From Horizons (2004 January 20): JPL solution #30, # obs: 187 (1983-2004)
2004-Jan-30 00:00 51.75343 63.66597 0.0620077782 2.67490902 0.35 1.25 0.000950
2004-Jan-31 00:00 39.29167 61.98614 0.0595357092 3.11118762 0.33 1.19 0.000885
2004-Feb-01 00:00 27.77120 59.09339 0.0577333056 3.55025755 0.31 1.09 0.000803
2004-Feb-02 00:00 17.85090 55.14679 0.0566613284 3.95519991 0.27 0.97 0.000704
2004-Feb-03 00:00 9.67026 50.42796 0.0563607851 4.28711171 0.23 0.84 0.000593
2004-Feb-04 00:00 3.05008 45.25542 0.0568457868 4.51518992 0.20 0.70 0.000474
2004-Feb-05 00:00 357.70646 39.92431 0.0581010518 4.62511769 0.17 0.60 0.000357
2004-Feb-06 00:00 353.36551 34.67308 0.0600850794 4.62136334 0.16 0.57 0.000257
2004-Feb-07 00:00 349.80153 29.67093 0.0627376783 4.52286239 0.17 0.62 0.000204
2004-Feb-08 00:00 346.84002 25.02056 0.0659890846 4.35539621 0.21 0.75 0.000225
2004-Feb-09 00:00 344.34931 20.77021 0.0697680808 4.14466261 0.25 0.91 0.000296
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
From Jon Giorgini (2004 January 26):
With 240 useable optical observations spanning 1983-Jan-14
to 2004-Jan-25, 6239 Minos sol #38 3-sigma X-band uncertainties
are as shown below. Goldstone OSOD & radar predicts have been
established on stealth.
DATE Pointing X-band Dop Delay
(") Hz (sec)
----------------- --------- ---------- ----------
30-JAN-2004 00:00 1.656 1.002 0.000739
31-JAN-2004 00:00 1.979 0.957 0.000698
1-FEB-2004 00:00 2.314 0.894 0.000644
2-FEB-2004 00:00 2.633 0.816 0.000578
3-FEB-2004 00:00 2.905 0.730 0.000501
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
From Jon Giorgini (2004 January 31):
With the single delay and 288 useable optical observations
spanning 1983-Jan-14 to 2004-Jan-29, new solution #42 3-sigma
X-band uncertainties are shown below.
New predict files are on stealth. OSOD and sol #42 predicts
have been established on utuado (Arecibo).
DATE Pointing X-band Dop Delay
(") Hz (sec)
----------------- --------- ---------- ----------
30-JAN-2004 00:00 1.077 0.822 0.000537
31-JAN-2004 00:00 0.632 0.573 0.000057
1-FEB-2004 00:00 0.665 0.576 0.000058
2-FEB-2004 00:00 0.690 0.577 0.000062
3-FEB-2004 00:00 0.703 0.574 0.000070
CW Setup for the third track: We will use solution 44
TX polarization RCP
RCV polarization LCP
Frequencies: 2
Dwell: 20 seconds
Bandwidth: 4000 Hz
Sampling interval: 2500 x 0.1 usec
VME FFT for PSD files: 4096 for 0.97656-Hz resolution
Possible ranging setups:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
127 x 64 10-usec single sample
baud 10 usec
code 127
gates 127
FFT 64
CLT 11
ncoh 2
bandwidth 394 Hz
resolution 6.15 Hz
TXOFF +60 Hz -> echo will be centered at +9.75 bins or in bin 32+10 = 42
incoh sums 64 => 10.4 sec/record
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
127 x 64 11-usec single sample, 5.6-Hz resolution.
baud 11 usec
code 127
gates 127
PRP 1397
FFT 64
CLT 11
ncoh 2
bandwidth 357.9 Hz
resolution 5.59 Hz
TXOFF TBD
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
127 x 64 11-usec single sample, 11.2-Hz resolution
baud 11 usec
code 127
gates 127
PRP 1397
FFT 64
CLT 11
ncoh 1
bandwidth 715.8 Hz
resolution 11.2 Hz
TXOFF +60 -> echo would be centered at +5 bins w/perfect ephemeris
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
127 x 64 7-usec single sample
------------------------------
baud 7 usec
code 127
gates 127
PRP 889
FFT 64
CLT 11
ncoh 1
bandwidth 1124.9 Hz
resolution 17.6 Hz
TXOFF +60 -> echo would be centered at +3.4 bins w/perfect ephemeris
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
127 x 64 1-usec single sample
------------------------------
baud 1 usec
code 127
gates 127
PRP 127
FFT 64
CLT 13 & 14, about evenly divided
ncoh 15
bandwidth 525 Hz
resolution 8.2 Hz
TXOFF +50 -> echo would be centered at +6.1 bins w/perfect ephemeris
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0.125-usec ranging
------------------
setup JX1XS001
baud 0.125 usec
code 127
gates 127
FFT 64
ncoh 1968
bandwidth 32.008 Hz
resolution 0.5001 Hz
TXOFF 6 Hz = 12 cells, => cell 44
incoh sums 4 looks=> 8 sec/record => expect records per run ~ RTT/8
CLT gate 34.8
_____________________________________________________________________
POSSIBLE RANGING SETUPS: (code=127, FFT=64, single-pol'n)
These are from JX, w/ max-band (min-acc) options from Ray Jurgens.
Currently configured for 5-sec records.
_______________________________________________________________________
Setup Baud RP 1-acc 1-acc
usec m usec band res acc band res
_______________________________________________________________________
JX1XS110 11.000 1650 1397.0 715.8 11.2 2 358 5.6
JX1XS070 7.000 1050 889.0 1124.9 17.6 3 375 5.9
JX1XS020 2.000 300 254.0 3937.0 61.5 12 328 5.1
4 984 15.4
JX1XS010 1.000 150 127.0 7874.0 123.0 41 192 3.0
8 984 15.4
JX1XS005 0.500 75 63.5 15748.0 246.1 123 128 2.0
15 1050 16.4
JX1XS002 0.250 37.5 31.75 31496.1 492.1 492 64 1.0
30 1050 16.4
JX1XS001 0.125 18.75 15.875 62992.1 984.3 1970 32 0.5
60 1050 16.4
____________________________________________________________________
OSOD and initial predicts have been set-up at
Goldstone on stealth:
/export/data2/osod/ops/6239_Minos/PRDX.OUT.s44
/PUNCH.OUT.s44
/EPH.OUT.s44
The predicts are also available at:
/export/data0/rosema/minos/support/PRDX.OUT.s44
/PUNCH.OUT.s44
/EPH.OUT.s44
POINTING
TX Offsets
Date (UTC) DOY hhmmss RA Dec Macro LHA Dec RTT OSOD
2004 02 02 33 020000 17.1271 54.7747 A 56.5 38
2004 02 02 33 030000 16.7450 54.5844 A 56.5
2004 02 02 33 040000 16.3691 54.3913 A 56.4
2004 02 02 33 050000 16.0000 54.1959 A 0.0057 -0.0030 56.4
2004 02 02 33 060000 15.6381 53.9988 A 56.4
2004 02 02 33 070000 15.2835 53.8004 A 56.4
2004 02 02 33 080000 14.9360 53.6014 A 56.4
PRDX.OUT.s44
TRANSMITTER: STATION #14, RECEIVER: STATION #14
RECEIVER U.T. RANGE DOPPLER LHA DEC RA EL
2004 FEB 02 02:10 56.4737750825 55242.761 30.1719 54.7430 17.062 61.640
2004 FEB 02 02:20 56.4699392380 54208.621 32.7426 54.7114 16.999 60.353
2004 FEB 02 02:30 56.4661754472 53187.189 35.3132 54.6797 16.935 59.024
2004 FEB 02 02:40 56.4624827720 52179.466 37.8837 54.6479 16.871 57.660
2004 FEB 02 02:50 56.4588602234 51186.427 40.4540 54.6161 16.808 56.266
2004 FEB 02 03:00 56.4553067389 50209.017 43.0241 54.5842 16.744 54.847
2004 FEB 02 03:10 56.4518211909 49248.152 45.5940 54.5522 16.681 53.408
2004 FEB 02 03:20 56.4484023823 48304.714 48.1638 54.5201 16.618 51.951
2004 FEB 02 03:30 56.4450490742 47379.553 50.7334 54.4879 16.556 50.481
2004 FEB 02 03:40 56.4417599446 46473.481 53.3028 54.4557 16.493 49.001
2004 FEB 02 03:50 56.4385336342 45587.274 55.8720 54.4234 16.431 47.513
2004 FEB 02 04:00 56.4353687250 44721.666 58.4411 54.3911 16.369 46.020
2004 FEB 02 04:10 56.4322637452 43877.354 61.0099 54.3587 16.307 44.523
2004 FEB 02 04:20 56.4292171824 43054.990 63.5786 54.3262 16.245 43.026
2004 FEB 02 04:30 56.4262274735 42255.183 66.1471 54.2936 16.183 41.530
2004 FEB 02 04:40 56.4232930143 41478.499 68.7153 54.2610 16.122 40.036
2004 FEB 02 04:50 56.4204121784 40725.454 71.2834 54.2284 16.060 38.547
2004 FEB 02 05:00 56.4175832795 39996.522 73.8513 54.1957 15.999 37.063
2004 FEB 02 05:10 56.4148046126 39292.124 76.4189 54.1629 15.939 35.587
2004 FEB 02 05:20 56.4120744510 38612.635 78.9864 54.1301 15.878 34.121
2004 FEB 02 05:30 56.4093910371 37958.379 81.5537 54.0973 15.818 32.664
2004 FEB 02 05:40 56.4067525894 37329.630 84.1207 54.0644 15.757 31.219
2004 FEB 02 05:50 56.4041573090 36726.611 86.6876 54.0315 15.697 29.788
2004 FEB 02 06:00 56.4016033955 36149.493 89.2543 53.9985 15.637 28.371
2004 FEB 02 06:10 56.3990890198 35598.394 91.8207 53.9655 15.578 26.969
2004 FEB 02 06:20 56.3966123556 35073.382 94.3870 53.9325 15.518 25.585
2004 FEB 02 06:30 56.3941715799 34574.471 96.9530 53.8994 15.459 24.219
GOLDSTONE MASTERLOG
MASTERLOG
==============================================================================
RCV
file setup runs start -stop osod OFFSET TX Poln
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
January 30
CW 4 kHz, 2 hops, 20 s dwell, 4k FFT 34 064120-075042 38 none RCP PFS
8 073514-075042 38 none RCP VME
10 us x 12.3 Hz, 127 code, 64 FFT 4 055740-060458 38 +49.21 Hz RCP PFS & VME
11 us x 11.2 Hz, 127 code, 64 FFT 4 070530-071430 38 +44.74 Hz RCP PVS & VME
January 30 CW spectrum
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
January 31
CW 4 kHz, 2 hops, 20 s dwell, 4k FFT 20 044004-052108 40 none RCP PFS & VME
10 us x 6.15 Hz, 127 code, 64 FFT 12 055345-061645 40 +49.21 RCP PFS & VME
1 us x 12.3 Hz, 127 code, 64 FFT 57 063612-082932 40 +49.21 RCP PFS & VME
January 31 CW spectrum
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
February 01
CW 4 kHz, 2 hops, 20 s dwell, 4k FFT 135 032314-074420 44 none RCP PFS & VME
February 01 CW spectrum, file A
February 01 CW spectrum, file B
February 01 CW spectrum, file C
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
February 02
CW 4 kHz, 2 hops, 20 s dwell, 4k FFT 10 024503-030309 44 none RCP PFS & VME
1/8 us x 8.0 Hz, 127 code, 64 FFT 44 033715-050009 44 +32.0 RCP PFS & VME
1/8 us x 8.0 Hz, 127 code, 64 FFT 45 050554-063046 44 +32.0 RCP PFS & VME
February 02 CW spectrum
==============================================================================
ARECIBO MASTERLOG
February 05
RI /share/olda/datafile.05feb04.r1883.1 CW soln 46
PFS /share/pfs2/Minos/data20040205* 0.1 us soln 46
<--- AST ---> <--- UTC --->
eph rcsta rcend rcsta rcend
setup code Bandwidth OSOD TXoff delay Runs scans HHMMSS-HHMMSS HHMMSS-HHMMSS Comments
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CW no hopping 5000 46 +200 none 5 1- 5 144951-145847 184951-185847 RI
0.1 us 65535 152.59 46 +5 30000 20 6-25 150339-154232 190339-194232 PFS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
February 06
RI /share/olda/datafile.06feb04.r1883.1 CW soln 48
PFS /share/pfs2/Minos/data20040206* 0.1 us soln 48
CW no hopping 5000 48 +200 none 5 1- 5 133954-134908 173954-174908 RI
0.1 us 65535 152.59 48 +5 30000 57 6-62 135425-155142 175425-195142 PFS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
February 07
RI /share/olda/datafile.07feb04.r1883.1 CW soln 48
PFS /share/pfs2/Minos/data20040207* 0.1 us soln 48
CW no hopping 5000 48 +200 none 11 1-11 131232-133515 171232-173515 RI
0.1 us 65535 152.59 48 +5 30000 56 12-67 134051-154504 174051-194504 PFS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
February 08
RI /share/olda/datafile.08feb04.r1883.1 CW soln 48
PFS /share/pfs2/Minos/data20040208* 0.1 us soln 48
CW no hopping 5000 48 +200 none 9 1- 9 125452-131425 165452-171425 RI
0.1 us 65535 152.59 48 +5 30000 62 10-71 131621-153632 171621-193632 PFS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
February 09
RI /share/olda/datafile.09feb04.r1883.1 CW soln 48
PFS /share/pfs2/Minos/data20040209* 0.1 us soln 48
CW no hopping 5000 48 +200 none 10 1-10 124232-130540 164232-170540 RI
0.1 us 65535 152.59 48 +5 30000 53 11-63 130840-152323 170840-192323 PFS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
==============================================================================
RADAR ASTROMETRY
================
2004 01 30 08:20:00 R 60.9588308 20.0 8560.D6 -14 Benner, L.A.M.
Correction of -393 usec to solution 38 from 10 and 11 usec ranging.
2004 01 31 06:50:00 R 58.833514 2.0 8560.D6 -14 Benner, L.A.M.
Correction of -7 us to solution 40 from 10 us and 1 us ranging.
2453041.313243 6418 2380.D6 -1 293.2473-404850-133340
AR20040205.812500 193000 59.51340324 -1 293.2473-404850-133340 1.0
Ostro,Nolan,Giorgini Arecibo / Arecibo
-35.9 usec wrt OSOD #46 (59.513439140). 15 run sum, .1 usec resolution.
==============================================================================
Dr. Lance A. M. Benner | PHONE: (818) 354-7412
Mail Stop 300-233 | FAX: (818) 354-9476
Jet Propulsion Laboratory | email: lance@reason.jpl.nasa.gov
Pasadena, CA 91109-8099 | Plan: To live long and prosper
Asteroid Radar Astronomy