Goldstone Radar Observations Planning: 2014 HQ124
2014 HQ124 was discovered on Apr. 23 by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) spacecraft. Preliminary thermal modeling of the WISE data by A. K. Mainzer suggests a diameter of 330 meters. This asteroid will approach within 0.0083 AU (3.2 lunar distances) on June 8 when it will be the strongest radar target of the year to date. This is the closest approach that an object of this size has made since 2005 YU55 in November of 2011. The diameter and absolute magnitude of 19.2 suggest a relatively high optical albedo of about 0.35. The spectral class is unknown, but it's clear that this is not a dark C-, P, B-, or D-type object due to the albedo. The rotation period and pole direction are unknown, but the asteroid will be bright enough for lightcurves so it's possible that the rotation period may be measured before the radar observations start. 2014 HQ124 will approach from the south and enter Goldstone's declination window on June 7. After the approach, the asteroid will move more or less directly away from Earth. We estimate that the Goldstone signal-to-noise ratios will be strong enough for detailed imaging for several days. On June 8, the round-trip travel time is only about 8 seconds so we have scheduled DSS-13 to receive. We also have DSS-13 available on June 10. Observations at Goldstone are scheduled only on June 8 and 10. Arecibo observations are also scheduled on June 8 and the times at the two telescopes overlap. We will also conduct bistatic Goldstone-Arecibo imaging tests at 3.75 meter resolution. Arecibo is also going to do radar speckle observations with the VLBA. The Minor Planet Center has classified 2014 HQ124 as a "Potentially Hazardous Asteroid."
Orbital and Physical Characteristics Provisional Designation 2014 HQ124 Asteroid number Not numbered Discoverer WISE Discovery date 2014 Apr 23 orbit type Aten Close approach dist. 0.0083 AU Close approach dist. 3.2 lunar distances Close approach date June 8 semimajor axis 0.851 AU eccentricity 0.260 inclination 26.2 deg perihelion distance 0.630 AU aphelion distance 1.072 AU Tisserand parameter absolute magnitude (H) 19.2 diameter 330 m +- 85 m (A. K. Mainzer, pers. comm.) optical albedo unknown rotation period 20 h+ (J. Pollock, pers. comm.) pole direction unknown lightcurve amplitude 0.5 mag+ (J. Pollock, pers. comm.) spectral class unknown We would like to thank the following observatories for reporting astrometry: 474 Mt. John Observatory, New Zealand 807 Cerro Tololo, Chile D90 RAS Observatory, Moorook, Australia I11 Gemini South, Chile I39 Observatorio Cruz del Sur, Chile Q62 iTelescope Siding Spring, Australia Last update: 2014 June 09
2014 HQ124 http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K14/K14H67.html
GOLDSTONE SNRS Updated to include a rotation period of 20 h. Assumptions: D = 0.33 km, P = 20 h, OC radar albedo = 0.1 Monostatic Monostatic Bistatic DSS-14 DSS-14 DSS-13 w DOY start date window RA, dec dist runs SNR/day SNR/run SNR/RTT 23 158 2014 Jun 07 16:41-22:42 67, -21 0.009 957 100000 3500 580 23 159-160 2014 Jun 08-09 14:51-02:41 85, +29 0.010 1756 126000 3300 550 Scheduled 24 160-161 2014 Jun 09-10 14:27-04:56 102, +54 0.016 1427 24000 680 110 24 161-162 2014 Jun 10-11 14:26-06:22 115, +62 0.023 1113 5500 180 30 Scheduled 24 162-163 2014 Jun 11-12 14:29-07:18 125, +66 0.031 901 1800 66 11 24 163-164 2014 Jun 12-13 14:34-07:54 131, +68 0.039 752 750 30 5 24 164-165 2014 Jun 13-14 14:37-08:18 136, +69 0.047 644 360 16 3 24 165-166 2014 Jun 14-15 14:40-08:35 140, +69 0.055 562 200 9 1.5 24 166-167 2014 Jun 15-16 14:42-08:46 143, +70 0.063 497 110 6 1 25 167-168 2014 Jun 16-17 14:43-08:53 145, +70 0.071 446 72 4 1 25 168-169 2014 Jun 17-18 14:43-08:58 147, +70 0.079 404 47 3 1 25 169-170 2014 Jun 18-19 14:43-09:01 148, +70 0.087 369 32 2 0 25 170-171 2014 Jun 19-20 14:42-09:02 149, +70 0.096 339 23 1 0 25 171-172 2014 Jun 20-21 14:41-09:02 150, +70 0.104 314 17 1 0 Goldstone SNRs assume Ptx = 440 kW ARECIBO SNRS (Assumes P = 2.2 h; the SNRs below should be multiplied by 3 due to the slow rotation period) start date window RA, dec dist runs SNR/day SNR/run 2014 Jun 08 15:20-18:12 82, +21 0.009 523 146000 6600 June 8 is the only day when this asteroid is visible at Arecibo due to the asteroid's rapid south-north sky motion. Arecibo SNRs assume Ptx = 400 kW and Tsys = 25 K.
Track Assignments
DOY BOA BOT EOT EOA 159 1345 1515 2040 2110 DSS-14 GSSR AST 2014 HQ124 159 1345 1515 2040 2110 DSS-13 GSSR AST 2014 HQ124 161 1340 1510 2030 2100 DSS-14 GSSR AST 2014 HQ124 Goldstone tracks: UT UT PDT Duration Round-trip DOY Date TX Window TX Window hh:mm time (sec) 159 Jun 08 1450-2040 0750-1340 Jun 8 5:50 9 161 Jun 10 1510-2030 0810-1330 Jun 10 5:20 23 A servo motor quit on June 5, then DSS-14 came back up on June 6, and it went back offline on June 8, so the status of DSS-14 is RED. Then DSS-14 came back up, so we're good to GO. Arecibo tracks: UT UT PDT Duration Round-trip Date TX Window TX Window hh:mm time (sec) Jun 08 1521-1812 0821-1112 Jun 08 2:51 9 1730-1800 1030-1100 Jun 08 0:30 Arecibo/VLBA Radar Speckle Observations The Arecibo and Goldstone tracks overlap between 1521-1812 UT.
Uncertainties
From Jon Giorgini, 2014 June 9: For s27, the 3-sigma uncertainties during the second radar track are: Date__(UT)__HR:MN POS_3sigma DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2014-Jun-10 15:00 1.139 7.87 0.000121 2014-Jun-10 16:00 1.129 7.87 0.000125 2014-Jun-10 17:00 1.119 7.87 0.000128 2014-Jun-10 18:00 1.109 7.86 0.000131 2014-Jun-10 19:00 1.100 7.86 0.000135 2014-Jun-10 20:00 1.091 7.85 0.000138 2014-Jun-10 21:00 1.082 7.84 0.000141 - - - - - - - - - - From Jon Giorgini, 2014 June 6: For 2014 HQ124, 126 angular measurements Apr 26 - Jun 05 were used to estimate orbit solution #19. OSOD with nominal predicts is on both aardvark and rserv in the /2014hq124 sub-directories. Arecibo xmit/rcv predicts: mono-static: PRDX.OUT.01v-01-01.s19 bistatic : PRDX.OUT.01v-13-01.s19 (DSS-13 receive at constant 2380 MHz) speckle : PRDX.OUT.01v-99-01.s19 (Geocenter receive at constant 2380 MHz) DSS-13 rcv predicts: bistatic : PRDX.OUT.01v-13-13.s19 (DSS13 2380 MHz receiver predicts for AO xmit) Formal 3-sigma S/X-band uncertainties for s19: Date__(UT)__HR:MN POS_3sigma DOP_S_3sig DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2014-Jun-08 15:30 22.406 43.45 157.91 0.003085 2014-Jun-08 16:00 22.258 44.30 161.01 0.003115 2014-Jun-08 16:30 22.099 45.13 164.02 0.003146 2014-Jun-08 17:00 21.930 45.94 166.96 0.003177 2014-Jun-08 17:30 21.751 46.72 169.82 0.003210 2014-Jun-08 18:00 21.564 47.49 172.60 0.003243 - - - - - - - - - - JPL/Horizons solution 18, #obs: 121 (42 days) Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(a-appar)_DEC. delta POS_3sigma DOP_S_3sig DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2014-Jun-05 00:00 *m 28.80839 -63.86365 0.02763236196501 1.795 86.36 313.88 0.009839 2014-Jun-06 00:00 *m 38.92437 -58.78362 0.02006486685236 5.012 81.43 295.95 0.006850 2014-Jun-07 00:00 *m 52.55661 -46.34985 0.01313705691505 16.657 63.82 231.96 0.004247 2014-Jun-08 00:00 *m 69.53437 -12.38950 0.00859277293410 52.368 44.04 160.05 0.002850 2014-Jun-09 00:00 *m 87.61741 34.32697 0.01032598703476 46.458 84.34 306.53 0.004784 2014-Jun-10 00:00 *m 103.61848 55.00803 0.01646387211849 22.518 86.27 313.55 0.007887 2014-Jun-11 00:00 * 115.98914 62.63961 0.02381455239478 12.881 88.04 319.96 0.011052 2014-Jun-12 00:00 * 125.01514 65.99045 0.03154047769023 8.600 89.02 323.54 0.014258 2014-Jun-13 00:00 * 131.55626 67.69299 0.03942040633049 6.343 89.55 325.48 0.017492 2014-Jun-14 00:00 * 136.36758 68.65439 0.04737590930350 4.994 89.85 326.54 0.020742 2014-Jun-15 00:00 * 139.98004 69.24079 0.05537243904463 4.115 90.00 327.10 0.024001 - - - - - - - - - - JPL/Horizons solution 14, # obs: 98 (36 days) Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(a-appar)_DEC. delta POS_3sigma DOP_S_3sig DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2014-Jun-05 00:00 *m 28.80706 -63.86429 0.02763311715186 26.622 169.01 614.26 0.012091 2014-Jun-06 00:00 *m 38.92235 -58.78508 0.02006583787119 57.614 147.13 534.74 0.008976 2014-Jun-07 00:00 *m 52.55371 -46.35396 0.01313806481707 152.146 80.54 292.71 0.007810 2014-Jun-08 00:00 *m 69.53068 -12.40049 0.00859302169989 399.393 383.14 1392.52 0.003338 2014-Jun-09 00:00 *m 87.61357 34.31898 0.01032464855884 307.958 360.32 1309.58 0.016479 2014-Jun-10 00:00 *m 103.61513 55.00497 0.01646176947019 133.576 222.10 807.20 0.026567 2014-Jun-11 00:00 * 115.98649 62.63824 0.02381202263669 69.776 194.44 706.69 0.033983 2014-Jun-12 00:00 * 125.01312 65.98973 0.03153760218834 43.142 187.56 681.69 0.040817 2014-Jun-13 00:00 * 131.55471 67.69255 0.03941721118978 29.753 185.26 673.33 0.047500 2014-Jun-14 00:00 * 136.36636 68.65410 0.04737240529476 22.062 184.28 669.74 0.054137 2014-Jun-15 00:00 * 139.97906 69.24058 0.05536863154759 17.206 183.73 667.77 0.060757 - - - - - - - - - - JPL/Horizons solution 8, # obs: 51 (16 days) Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(a-appar)_DEC. delta POS_3sigma DOP_S_3sig DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2014-Jun-05 00:00 *m 28.64847 -63.92346 0.02771921243879 1502.582 1465.17 5325.10 0.438930 2014-Jun-06 00:00 *m 38.69602 -58.92272 0.02016524508752 2900.358 747.71 2717.53 0.471720 2014-Jun-07 00:00 *m 52.24511 -46.73516 0.01323438235535 6842.013 3339.12 12135.87 0.437074 2014-Jun-08 00:00 *m 69.15886 -13.39384 0.00861556628288 16311.271 16606.89 60356.98 0.109677 2014-Jun-09 00:00 *m 87.24393 33.62142 0.01020502908167 11671.005 11234.66 40831.85 0.493605 2014-Jun-10 00:00 *m 103.30796 54.75629 0.01627887781686 4570.464 4149.71 15081.92 0.747089 2014-Jun-11 00:00 * 115.75556 62.53663 0.02359670960945 2150.115 2667.90 9696.35 0.866323 2014-Jun-12 00:00 * 124.84482 65.94123 0.03129707243238 1197.618 2277.37 8276.99 0.954865 2014-Jun-13 00:00 * 131.43167 67.66666 0.03915370819033 742.716 2140.41 7779.23 1.034133 2014-Jun-14 00:00 * 136.27513 68.63912 0.04708682813347 493.292 2081.01 7563.34 1.109843 2014-Jun-15 00:00 * 139.91036 69.23140 0.05506141605043 342.602 2050.51 7452.47 1.183928 - - - - - - - - - - JPL/Horizons solution 1: Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(a-appar)_DEC. delta POS_3sigma DOP_S_3sig DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2014-Jun-05 00:00 27.42562 -64.33614 0.02841835799020 33363.047 21279.49 77339.33 10.353451 2014-Jun-06 00:00 36.91562 -59.90755 0.02097873006591 60577.212 12060.57 43833.57 10.716638 2014-Jun-07 00:00 49.76062 -49.49467 0.01404669201596 132792.007 59986.52 218018.25 9.913764 2014-Jun-08 00:00 66.07387 -21.03882 0.00891888387616 321274.915 302079.72 1097894.80 4.155084 2014-Jun-09 00:00 84.07124 27.31511 0.00933253086952 283729.863 279084.17 1014318.50 8.793808 2014-Jun-10 00:00 100.59511 52.47398 0.01483554532504 107457.709 89053.67 323661.46 14.709818 2014-Jun-11 00:00 113.67614 61.62035 0.02187571827992 46746.005 47869.99 173981.25 16.985614 2014-Jun-12 00:00 123.30929 65.51387 0.02936703649511 24214.683 37584.76 136600.08 18.463348 2014-Jun-13 00:00 130.29752 67.44515 0.03703567562924 14014.428 34128.94 124040.04 19.716339 2014-Jun-14 00:00 135.42598 68.51597 0.04478915606962 8700.389 32679.69 118772.82 20.888325 2014-Jun-15 00:00 139.26452 69.15991 0.05258812832966 5676.593 31960.52 116159.03 22.025621 ********************************************************************************************** Apparent Magnitudes, Solar Elongations, Lunar Elongations, and Lunar Illumination: JPL/Horizons solution 5 Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(a-appar)_DEC. delta APmag S-O-T /r T-O-M/Illu% 2014-May-15 00:00 349.61768 -71.03663 0.19201792185505 18.20 99.2524 /L 81.6/ 99.9 2014-May-16 00:00 350.19816 -70.98294 0.18443879162012 18.11 99.5614 /L 75.8/ 98.1 2014-May-17 00:00 350.79642 -70.92867 0.17682131412241 18.02 99.8615 /L 70.8/ 93.6 2014-May-18 00:00 351.41623 -70.87353 0.16916709755805 17.92 100.1512 /L 66.8/ 86.8 2014-May-19 00:00 352.06196 -70.81716 0.16147779648831 17.82 100.4291 /L 64.2/ 77.9 2014-May-20 00:00 352.73880 -70.75909 0.15375512592564 17.72 100.6932 /L 63.3/ 67.5 2014-May-21 00:00 353.45296 -70.69871 0.14600087159525 17.61 100.9413 /L 64.0/ 56.3 2014-May-22 00:00 354.21196 -70.63518 0.13821689698131 17.49 101.1707 /L 66.3/ 44.9 2014-May-23 00:00 355.02508 -70.56736 0.13040514914279 17.37 101.3778 /L 69.9/ 33.9 2014-May-24 00:00 355.90391 -70.49370 0.12256766616448 17.24 101.5583 /L 74.4/ 23.8 2014-May-25 00:00 356.86314 -70.41209 0.11470658977347 17.10 101.7067 /L 79.4/ 15.1 2014-May-26 00:00 357.92159 -70.31955 0.10682418767885 16.95 101.8155 /L 84.8/ 8.2 2014-May-27 00:00 359.10381 -70.21191 0.09892289226703 16.79 101.8752 /L 90.1/ 3.4 2014-May-28 00:00 0.44226 -70.08313 0.09100536630870 16.62 101.8726 /L 95.2/ 0.7 2014-May-29 00:00 1.98061 -69.92427 0.08307461394080 16.43 101.7895 /L 99.9/ 0.1 2014-May-30 00:00 3.77876 -69.72168 0.07513416998191 16.23 101.6000 /L 103.9/ 1.7 2014-May-31 00:00 5.92059 -69.45369 0.06718843109877 16.01 101.2659 /L 107.1/ 5.1 2014-Jun-01 00:00 8.52612 -69.08431 0.05924325946675 15.76 100.7286 /L 109.5/ 10.1 2014-Jun-02 00:00 11.77119 -68.55035 0.05130714941415 15.49 99.8932 /L 110.9/ 16.6 2014-Jun-03 00:00 15.91875 -67.73298 0.04339366552473 15.18 98.5966 /L 111.5/ 24.2 2014-Jun-04 00:00 21.36672 -66.38881 0.03552709059600 14.83 96.5332 /L 111.3/ 32.7 2014-Jun-05 00:00 28.70862 -63.96181 0.02775743746136 14.43 93.0627 /L 110.6/ 41.9 2014-Jun-06 00:00 38.75423 -58.98771 0.02020862886715 14.02 86.6219 /L 110.3/ 51.5 2014-Jun-07 00:00 52.29299 -46.88323 0.01327829453672 13.80 72.5643 /L 112.1/ 61.2 2014-Jun-08 00:00 69.18503 -13.78381 0.00863635381244 16. 37.2088 /L 118.0/ 70.6 2014-Jun-09 00:00 87.24404 33.28190 0.01017241120637 23. 13.7033 /T 116.2/ 79.5 2014-Jun-10 00:00 103.29068 54.59214 0.01622028136228 17. 36.7782 /T 113.4/ 87.4 2014-Jun-11 00:00 115.73251 62.44255 0.02352541033625 17. 46.4464 /T 114.9/ 93.7 2014-Jun-12 00:00 124.82277 65.87823 0.03121660347837 17. 51.2527 /T 118.1/ 98.0 2014-Jun-13 00:00 131.41323 67.62006 0.03906529629285 17. 53.9740 /T 121.4/ 99.8 2014-Jun-14 00:00 136.26086 68.60237 0.04699101266111 18. 55.6359 /T 123.8/ 98.9 2014-Jun-15 00:00 139.90010 69.20108 0.05495847784519 18. 56.6916 /T 124.7/ 95.0 2014-Jun-16 00:00 142.68641 69.58747 0.06294959845951 17.95 57.3696 /T 123.7/ 88.6
Setups
We don't know what to expect for a bandwidth, but the Doppler uncertainties will be large, so we're going to start with a wide bandwidth: CW setup: --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TX polarization RCP RCV polarization LCP & RCP Frequency hops: no hopping Bandwidth: 10 000 Hz TXoffset +500 Hz Sampling interval: 2500 x 0.1 usec FFT for PFS files: 8192 for 1.2 Hz resolution Ranging setups: --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10-usec baud 10 usec code 127 PRP 1270 usec FFT 128 ncoh 1 bandwidth 787 Hz resolution 12.3 Hz TXOFF +100Hz (echo in bin 32 + 8 = 40) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11-usec baud 11 usec code 127 PRP 1397 usec FFT 64 ncoh 1 bandwidth 716 Hz resolution 11.2 Hz TXOFF +100 Hz (echo in bin 32 + 9= 41) ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-usec baud 1 usec code 255 FFT 512 ncoh 16 bandwidth 245 Hz resolution 0.48 Hz TXOFF +50 Hz ---------------------------------------------------------------------
Instructions
NOTE: Data should be moved to the appropriate subdirectories in aardvark:/export/data0/2014hq124/raw/
2014 HQ124 POINTING:
OSOD and predicts will be on aardvark: ...not available yet... POINTING TX Offsets Date (UTC) DOY hhmmss RA Dec Macro LHA Dec RTT OSOD ... to be added ... Transmit offsets are given in millidegrees.
PRDX.OUT.14f-14-14.?? TRANSMITTER: STATION #14, RECEIVER: STATION #14 RECEIVER U.T. RANGE DOPPLER LHA DEC RA EL
2014 HQ124 GOLDSTONE MASTERLOG
============================================================================== Receive TX Setup hops dwell code ncoh FFT runs start -stop OSOD offset Poln Notes ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dr. Lance A. M. Benner | PHONE: (818) 354-7412 Mail Stop 183-601 | FAX: (818) 393-4445 Jet Propulsion Laboratory | email: lance.benner@jpl.nasa.gov California Institute of Technology | Plan: To live long and prosper Pasadena, CA 91109-8099 http://echo.jpl.nasa.gov/asteroids/2014HQ124/2014HQ124_planning.html
Asteroid Radar Astronomy