2012 DA14 Goldstone Radar Observations Planning
Sequence of Goldstone radar images of 2012 DA14 from February 16. The images span the interval from 00:46 - 08:35 UT; that is, about 7.8 h. Each frame has a resolution of 3.75 m x 0.0125 Hz and is an integration of 320 seconds. Range increases downward and Doppler frequency increases to the right so rotation is counterclockwise. The images reveal rotation by the asteroid and show bandwidth fluctuations of about a factor of two, suggesting that the asteroid has an aspect ratio close to 2:1. The visible range extents also vary by a factor of two, and if the true extents are double the visible extents, which would be true for a sphere, then the dimensions are roughly 40 x 20 meters. The asteroid nearly completes one full rotation, indicating that the rotation period is somewhat longer than 8 hours.
This figure shows the same data displayed above but in a different way. Here the widest part of each frame from above has been extracted and then the entire sequence has been stacked vertically. This shows the pronounced bandwidth variations (aka the Doppler broadening) as 2012 DA14 spins. In this figure, time increases downward and Doppler frequency increases toward the right. The frequency resolution is 0.0125 Hz.
2012 DA14 was discovered by the La Sagra Sky Survey in Spain on February 23, 2012. This object will make an extremely close approach to within 0.00023 AU of the center of Earth at 19:24 UT (11:24 AM PST) on February 15, 2013. That is only 0.09 lunar distances or 5.4 Earth radii from the center of the Earth. The close approach will be about 27700 km above Earth's surface. That's inside the distance to geosynchronous satellites but thousands of kilometers above the elevation for low-Earth-orbit spacecraft such as the International Space Station. At the time of closest approach, the asteroid will move about 0.8 degrees per minute. This is the closest flyby by something this large that has ever been identified in advance. The uncertainties in plane-of-sky position, Doppler frequency, and time delay will grow dramatically during the approach, but even so, this object cannot impact Earth during this encounter. 2012 DA14's absolute magnitude of 24.4 suggests a diameter within a factor of two of about 50 meters. Nick Moskovitz (MIT) reported that he obtained lightcurves and spectroscopy shortly after 2012 DA14 was discovered. The asteroid has a rotation period of about 6 hours and it's an L-class object, hinting that it has an optical albedo of about 0.2. The lightcurve amplitude is close to one magnitude, so the shape is probably elongated. Nothing else is known about this object. Due to the extremely close approach, this object will be a very strong radar target at Goldstone and we plan to image it with the highest resolution available (3.75 meters) from the chirp system. The round-trip time on the first track on Feb. 16 is so short that observations on that day will be bistatic with reception of radar echoes at DSS-13. The images should provide constraints on the size, shape, and rotation state of the object, but 2012 DA14 is so small that the images are unlikely to reveal fine-scale features on the surface. 2012 DA14 will approach from the south and will enter Goldstone's declination window on February 16, 2013, shortly after the closest approach. Afterward it will be a circumpolar object as it recedes from Earth. Radar observations at Goldstone are scheduled on 2013 Feb. 16, 18, 19, and 20. We need additional astrometry to improve the orbit. As a result, below we list circumstances for optical observations starting many months before the encounter in order to help facilitate observations by optical observers. The apparent magnitudes will be fainter than 22nd until until the beginning of February, but the solar elongation will be only about 60 degrees, so obtaining optical astrometry will be challenging. In addition, the asteroid will be at far southern declinations until Feb. 15 when it will move from about -75 deg to +75 deg in only a few hours. This object will not be observable at Arecibo. 2012 DA14 will brighten to about 7th magnitude at the time of the closest approach, when observers in Asia might be able to see it with binoculars and small telescopes. Doing so will require knowing very precisely where to look and will require a site-specific ephemeris due to parallax. 2012 DA14 is too small to be classified as a "Potentially Hazardous Asteroid" (PHA) by the Minor Planet Center. Due to the very close flyby, the asteroid's orbit will change and its semimajor axis will shrink to slightly less than 1 AU and its orbital period will also diminish to slightly less than 1 year. The 2013 flyby is the closest over the entire time span that the motion can be computed reliably; namely, the interval between 1851-2149. Radar observations are also planned by other researchers at the EISCAT radar near Tromso, Norway starting at 20:00 UT on Feb. 15 and at the Haystack Observatory in Massachusetts starting at 22:00 UT on Feb. 15. Goldstone observations start at 03:00 UT on Feb. 16, several hours after observations begin at the other radars.
Orbital and Physical Characteristics Prior to the close approach: orbit type Apollo semimajor axis 1.002 AU eccentricity 0.108 inclination 10.4 deg perihelion distance 0.893 AU aphelion distance 1.110 AU orbital period 368 days After the close approach: orbit type Aten semimajor axis 0.910 AU eccentricity 0.090 inclination 11.6 deg perihelion distance 0.829 AU aphelion distance 0.992 AU orbital period 317 days absolute magnitude (H) 24.1 diameter ~50 meters (+- a factor of two) rotation period ~6 h N. Moskovitz, pers. comm. Prior to the flyby rotation period >8 h based on radar imaging after the flyby pole direction unknown lightcurve amplitude ~1 mag N. Moskovitz, pers. comm. spectral class Ld N. Moskovitz, pers. comm. Last update: 2013 February 27
M.P.E.C. 2012-D51 Issued 2012 Feb. 24, 01:59 UT The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets and routine data on comets. They are published on behalf of Commission 20 of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A. Prepared using the Tamkin Foundation Computer Network MPC@CFA.HARVARD.EDU URL http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ ISSN 1523-6714 2012 DA14 Observations: K12D14A* C2012 02 23.02780 14 49 37.10 +38 33 45.1 18.9 VrED051J75 K12D14A C2012 02 23.03431 14 49 34.73 +38 35 21.2 18.6 VrED051J75 K12D14A C2012 02 23.04082 14 49 32.44 +38 36 57.9 19.0 VrED051J75 K12D14A KC2012 02 23.06785314 49 22.37 +38 43 49.0 18.5 VrED051J75 K12D14A KC2012 02 23.07087514 49 21.24 +38 44 34.1 18.7 VrED051J75 K12D14A KC2012 02 23.07389314 49 20.05 +38 45 20.0 18.6 VrED051J75 K12D14A KC2012 02 23.09374614 49 12.39 +38 50 16.1 18.7 VrED051J75 K12D14A KC2012 02 23.09629514 49 11.38 +38 50 54.0 18.8 VrED051J75 K12D14A KC2012 02 23.09792 14 49 08.92 +38 50 50.3 19.3 VvED051I93 K12D14A KC2012 02 23.09882414 49 10.38 +38 51 31.2 18.6 VrED051J75 K12D14A KC2012 02 23.10708 14 49 05.35 +38 53 04.4 19.7 VvED051I93 K12D14A KC2012 02 23.11699 14 49 01.45 +38 55 29.8 19.9 VvED051I93 K12D14A KC2012 02 23.12563 14 48 58.05 +38 57 35.7 19.4 VvED051I93 K12D14A C2012 02 23.30429 14 48 19.06 +39 38 35.1 18.7 RcED051854 K12D14A C2012 02 23.30801 14 48 17.87 +39 39 29.3 19.1 RcED051854 K12D14A C2012 02 23.31174 14 48 16.56 +39 40 23.4 18.7 RcED051854 K12D14A {C2012 02 23.52361714 46 52.607+40 29 24.33 18.9 RtED051695 K12D14A {C2012 02 23.52549214 46 51.804+40 29 48.48 18.6 RtED051695 K12D14A {C2012 02 23.52737314 46 51.045+40 30 13.20 18.5 RtED051695 K12D14A KC2012 02 24.02673614 44 51.05 +42 12 49.0 18.6 VrED051J75 K12D14A KC2012 02 24.02867814 44 50.44 +42 13 13.5 18.8 VrED051J75 K12D14A KC2012 02 24.03105714 44 49.56 +42 13 44.5 18.7 VrED051J75 Observer details: 695 Kitt Peak. Observer T. Vorobjov. 1.3-m f/13 Cassegrain + CCD. 854 Sabino Canyon Observatory, Tucson. Observer J. E. McGaha. 0.36-m f/10.0 Schmidt-Cassegrain + CCD. I93 St Pardon de Conques. Observer F. Losse. 0.40-m f/5.0 reflector + CCD. J75 OAM Observatory, La Sagra. Observers S. Sanchez, J. Nomen, M. Hurtado, J. A. Jaume, W. K. Y. Yeung, P. Rios, F. Serra, F. Serra TEL 0. 45-m f/2. 8 reflector. 0.45-m f/2.8 reflector + CCD. Orbital elements: 2012 DA14 Earth MOID = 0.0002 AU Epoch 2012 Mar. 14.0 TT = JDT 2456000.5 MPC M 103.32879 (2000.0) P Q n 0.98299208 Peri. 271.10866 +0.51514870 -0.85159843 a 1.0017731 Node 147.29585 +0.84032283 +0.47954750 e 0.1082261 Incl. 10.33843 +0.16875831 +0.21169391 P 1.00 H 24.4 G 0.15 U 7 Residuals in seconds of arc 120223 J75 0.4+ 3.3+ 120223 I93 0.3- 0.3+ 120223 695 0.1+ 0.1- 120223 J75 0.2- 0.0 120223 J75 0.2- 0.6- 120223 695 0.0 0.3- 120223 J75 0.4+ 2.5- 120223 I93 0.3- 0.3- 120223 695 0.3+ 0.0 120223 J75 0.3- 0.3- 120223 I93 0.3- 0.0 120224 J75 0.3- 0.1- 120223 J75 0.1- 0.6- 120223 I93 0.0 0.1- 120224 J75 0.2+ 0.4- 120223 J75 0.5- 0.0 120223 854 0.3+ 1.1+ 120224 J75 0.5- 0.2+ 120223 J75 0.1- 0.3- 120223 854 1.0+ 0.8+ 120223 J75 0.1- 0.3- 120223 854 0.5+ 0.4+ Ephemeris: 2012 DA14 a,e,i = 1.00, 0.11, 10 q = 0.8934 Date TT R. A. (2000) Decl. Delta r Elong. Phase V 2012 01 25 22 01 14.2 -78 22 31 0.07693 0.9486 60.2 115.7 23.3 ... 2012 02 09 16 57 49.8 -67 19 14 0.03016 0.9753 67.6 110.8 21.0 ... 2012 02 17 15 25 10.9 -05 42 24 0.01759 0.9903 97.0 82.0 18.5 ... 2012 02 23 14 49 27.2 +38 28 06 0.02880 1.0015 114.4 64.1 19.0 2012 02 24 14 44 41.5 +42 08 14 0.03157 1.0034 115.3 63.1 19.1 2012 02 25 14 40 09.4 +45 11 15 0.03446 1.0052 115.9 62.4 19.3 ... 2012 03 02 14 16 26.6 +55 52 09 0.05301 1.0163 117.0 60.4 20.2 ... 2012 03 10 13 50 39.3 +61 21 25 0.07882 1.0305 116.3 59.7 21.1 ... 2012 03 25 13 12 08.4 +63 24 11 0.1269 1.0552 114.0 59.7 22.2 A. U. Tomatic (C) Copyright 2012 MPC M.P.E.C. 2012-D51
Target Name: 2012 DA14 D = 50 meters An educated guess based on the spectral class Period = 6 h OC albedo = 0.1 A standard guess; many NEAs are more reflective than this. Horizons = 30 deg because this object is circumpolar The numbers below used solution 35. Subsequent solutions do not change the distances significantly. # SNR/ SNR/ week DOY start date window RA, dec dist runs Date RTT 7 47 2013 Feb 16 03:32-06:39 302, +87 0.004 12033 440000 4200 Bistatic due to short RTT; also radar speckle 7 48 2013 Feb 17 08:00-05:26 323, +85 0.007 5681 25000 360 ...not scheduled due to a conflict... 8 49 2013 Feb 18 09:49-05:10 326, +84 0.011 3319 4900 89 Monostatic and bistatic 8 50 2013 Feb 19 10:13-05:00 328, +83 0.014 2407 1500 33 Monostatic only 8 51 2013 Feb 20 10:22-04:53 329, +83 0.018 1895 640 15 Monostatic only CANCELLED 8 52 2013 Feb 21 10:26-04:47 329, +83 0.022 1564 310 8 8 53 2013 Feb 22 10:27-04:42 330, +83 0.025 1333 170 5 8 54 2013 Feb 23 10:27-04:37 330, +83 0.029 1162 99 3 8 55 2013 Feb 24 10:25-04:32 330, +83 0.032 1031 62 2 The SNRs above assume _monostatic_ observations. The table above assumes zero time between switching from transmit to receive. Observations on Feb. 16 will have to be bistatic; on subsequent dates, the distance is large enough for monostatic observations. Goldstone SNRs assume Ptx = 435 kW This is a circumpolar object at Goldstone, so the horizons in the table above were set = 30 degrees instead of the usual value of 20 degrees. This object will be too far south for Goldstone to detect prior to Feburary 16. Using 20 degree horizons with solution 35, 2012 DA14 will rise at 00:07 on Feb. 16 and remain above the horizon at Goldstone until after it's too distant for Goldstone to detect. If we set horizons = zero degrees, then 2012 DA14 will rise above the horizon at Goldstone on Feb. 15 around 21:41 UT at a declination of +54 deg and at a distance of 0.0004 AU.
Goldstone tracks: DOY BOA BOT EOT EOA 046 2240 0010 0835 0905 DSS-14 GSSR AST 2012 DA14 This start time has shifted almost 3 hours earlier. 049 0820 0950 1420 1450 DSS-14 GSSR AST 2012 DA14 050 0845 1015 1530 1600 DSS-14 GSSR AST 2012 DA14 051 0855 1025 1305 1335 DSS-14 GSSR AST 2012 DA14 CANCELLED DUE TO LOW SNRS AND THE NARROW BANDWIDTH UT UT PST Duration Round-trip Week DOY Date TX Window TX Window hh:mm time (sec) ---- --- ---- --------- --------- -------- --------- 7 47 Feb 16 0010-0835 1610-0035 Feb 15-16 8:25 0.8 - 2.1 Radar speckle from 0730-0800 UT 7 48 Feb 17 ...No track... 8 49 Feb 18 0835-1420 0035-0620 Feb 18 5:45 9.2 - 10.1 8 50 Feb 19 0900-1530 0100-0730 Feb 19 6:30 12.9 - 13.8 8 51 Feb 20 0910-1305 0110-0505 Feb 20 4:55 16.4 - 17.0 CANCELLED Note that the RTTs on Feb. 16 are significantly shorter than those indicated in the SNR table above, so the echoes will be MUCH stronger. On other dates, the asteroid will be in the beam as soon as we get the telescope, so the start times correspond to 15 minutes after BOA. EISCAT (near Tromso, Norway) week DOY Date 7 47-48 Feb 15-16 2000-0800 1200-0000 Feb 15-16 EISCAT will start observing well before Goldstone when the SNRs will be much stronger. Haystack (Massachusetts) 7 47-48 Feb 15-16 2200-0835 1400-0035 Feb 15-16 End time is an educated guess. Haystack will use multiple antennas transmitting at 440 MHz (46 m) and 10 GHz (37 m) and also receiving at 18 and possibly 17 m antennas. At least one Haystack antenna will also eavesdrop on Goldstone transmissions. Haystack will start observing well before Goldstone when the SNRs will be much stronger. Allen Telescope Array: The SETI Institute's Allen Array may try to eavesdrop on Goldstone transmissions. Arecibo: This object is not observable from Arecibo: it moves through Arecibo's declination window very rapidly when it will be below the horizon from Arecibo. By the time Earth rotates around, 2012 DA14 will be too far north for Arecibo to track it.
From Jon Giorgini, 2012 Feb 17: Based on 370 optical measurements (2012-Feb-23 to 2013-Feb-15 21:01) and the two Dopplers in the ADD file, 2012 DA14 orbit solution #57 was estimated. OSOD and predicts for Feb 18-19 were updated on aardvark. Formal 3-sigma X-band uncertainties for .s57 (2 hour intervals): Date__(UT)__HR:MN POS_3sigma DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2013-Feb-18 00:00 1.956 0.48 0.000017 2013-Feb-18 02:00 1.955 0.45 0.000018 2013-Feb-18 04:00 1.954 0.45 0.000018 2013-Feb-18 06:00 1.953 0.50 0.000018 2013-Feb-18 08:00 1.952 0.57 0.000019 2013-Feb-18 10:00 1.951 0.66 0.000019 2013-Feb-18 12:00 1.950 0.73 0.000020 2013-Feb-18 14:00 1.949 0.76 0.000020 2013-Feb-18 16:00 1.948 0.76 0.000021 2013-Feb-18 18:00 1.947 0.71 0.000022 2013-Feb-18 20:00 1.946 0.64 0.000022 2013-Feb-18 22:00 1.946 0.56 0.000023 2013-Feb-19 00:00 1.945 0.49 0.000023 There are only a few optical measurements reported after the close approach (so far) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - From Jon Giorgini, 2013 Feb 15: Including this morning's newly reported astrometry (now 345 optical measurements 2012-Feb-23 to 2013-Feb-15), 2012 DA14 orbit solution #51 was estimated and OSOD updated on aardvark. Formal 3-sigma X-band .s51 uncertainties: Date__(UT)__HR:MN POS_3sigma DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2013-Feb-16 00:00 19.707 9.26 0.000093 2013-Feb-16 01:00 15.876 6.64 0.000096 2013-Feb-16 02:00 13.442 5.38 0.000098 2013-Feb-16 03:00 11.809 4.70 0.000100 2013-Feb-16 04:00 10.666 4.30 0.000101 2013-Feb-16 05:00 9.842 4.04 0.000102 2013-Feb-16 06:00 9.234 3.87 0.000103 2013-Feb-16 07:00 8.776 3.76 0.000104 2013-Feb-16 08:00 8.425 3.69 0.000105 2013-Feb-16 09:00 8.153 3.66 0.000106 - - - - - - - - - - JPL/HORIZONS (2012 DA14) 2013-Feb-15 09:00:57 Rec #:728624 (+COV) Soln.date: 2013-Feb-15_06:50:03 # obs: 348 (2012-2013) Solution 49: Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(J2000.0)_DEC. delta POS_3sigma DOP_S_3sig DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2013-Feb-15 09:00 12.87857 -78.65042 0.00169699856254 1.003 1.08 3.94 0.000090 2013-Feb-15 10:00 15.87687 -79.33298 0.00154533440333 1.101 1.09 3.97 0.000091 2013-Feb-15 11:00 20.27678 -80.20917 0.00139306655491 1.275 1.10 3.99 0.000092 2013-Feb-15 12:00 27.08567 -81.30918 0.00124033407069 1.607 1.10 4.00 0.000092 2013-Feb-15 13:00 38.63756 -82.60637 0.00108739397258 2.238 1.09 3.97 0.000093 2013-Feb-15 14:00 N 60.35043 -83.80345 0.00093468723394 3.416 1.05 3.80 0.000094 2013-Feb-15 15:00 * 97.15929 -83.65715 0.00078299360267 5.628 0.93 3.40 0.000094 2013-Feb-15 16:00 * 131.47676 -80.11827 0.00063383072391 9.982 1.01 3.68 0.000094 2013-Feb-15 17:00 * 150.72159 -71.92420 0.00049059870595 19.273 3.12 11.33 0.000092 2013-Feb-15 18:00 *m 161.33768 -56.24946 0.00036222113174 40.582 11.57 42.06 0.000082 2013-Feb-15 19:00 *m 168.00859 -26.97068 0.00027386314996 80.745 34.32 124.75 0.000050 2013-Feb-15 20:00 *m 172.89549 13.15823 0.00027141623894 92.274 40.55 147.38 0.000015 2013-Feb-15 21:00 *m 177.39321 42.69043 0.00035593423541 60.480 19.22 69.85 0.000058 2013-Feb-15 22:00 *m 182.23500 58.79981 0.00048115877747 37.745 8.20 29.81 0.000078 2013-Feb-15 23:00 *m 187.69797 67.93979 0.00062127609262 25.978 4.14 15.06 0.000086 2013-Feb-16 00:00 *m 193.93912 73.63733 0.00076735161853 19.580 2.53 9.20 0.000091 2013-Feb-16 01:00 *m 201.09110 77.45266 0.00091613730690 15.791 1.82 6.61 0.000094 2013-Feb-16 02:00 Nm 209.26687 80.12318 0.00106628026973 13.379 1.47 5.35 0.000096 2013-Feb-16 03:00 m 218.52192 82.03119 0.00121713893786 11.757 1.29 4.68 0.000098 2013-Feb-16 04:00 m 228.78316 83.39393 0.00136837038738 10.621 1.18 4.28 0.000100 2013-Feb-16 05:00 m 239.77082 84.34871 0.00151976986773 9.800 1.11 4.02 0.000101 2013-Feb-16 06:00 m 250.97949 84.99470 0.00167120329403 9.192 1.06 3.85 0.000102 2013-Feb-16 07:00 m 261.78028 85.41244 0.00182257755408 8.733 1.03 3.74 0.000103 2013-Feb-16 08:00 271.60757 85.66983 0.00197382727417 8.381 1.01 3.67 0.000104 2013-Feb-16 09:00 280.10117 85.82147 0.00212490893542 8.108 1.00 3.65 0.000104 Pointing uncertainties for the Goldstone radar observations are going to be fine. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - JPL/HORIZONS (2012 DA14) 2013-Feb-14 10:11:34 Rec #:728624 (+COV) Soln.date: 2013-Feb-14_00:52:02 # obs: 305 (2012-2013) Solution 46 Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(J2000.0)_DEC. delta POS_3sigma DOP_S_3sig DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2013-Feb-15 09:00 12.88013 -78.64989 0.00169707472309 7.308 1.45 5.28 0.000352 2013-Feb-15 10:00 15.87838 -79.33234 0.00154541033983 8.560 1.46 5.31 0.000353 2013-Feb-15 11:00 20.27803 -80.20841 0.00139314226223 10.327 1.46 5.32 0.000354 2013-Feb-15 12:00 27.08612 -81.30823 0.00124040951802 12.903 1.46 5.29 0.000355 2013-Feb-15 13:00 38.63558 -82.60523 0.00108746908139 16.804 1.46 5.31 0.000355 2013-Feb-15 14:00 N 60.34137 -83.80227 0.00093476183039 22.994 1.67 6.06 0.000355 2013-Feb-15 15:00 * 97.14017 -83.65686 0.00078306730441 33.417 2.80 10.17 0.000353 2013-Feb-15 16:00 * 131.46071 -80.11996 0.00063390263934 52.382 6.56 23.85 0.000348 2013-Feb-15 17:00 * 150.71165 -71.92865 0.00049066652929 90.324 17.77 64.57 0.000331 2013-Feb-15 18:00 *m 161.33128 -56.25886 0.00036227816074 171.943 52.67 191.44 0.000284 2013-Feb-15 19:00 *m 168.00418 -26.98803 0.00027389088185 312.340 136.64 496.61 0.000147 2013-Feb-15 20:00 *m 172.89225 13.14046 0.00027139525836 327.096 146.80 533.54 0.000095 2013-Feb-15 21:00 *m 177.39066 42.68024 0.00035588243055 195.927 63.69 231.47 0.000249 2013-Feb-15 22:00 *m 182.23298 58.79431 0.00048109563912 111.476 24.64 89.56 0.000310 2013-Feb-15 23:00 *m 187.69647 67.93651 0.00062120895697 70.077 11.06 40.19 0.000335 2013-Feb-16 00:00 *m 193.93812 73.63515 0.00076728307889 48.572 5.88 21.38 0.000346 2013-Feb-16 01:00 *m 201.09056 77.45107 0.00091606839341 36.432 3.67 13.34 0.000353 2013-Feb-16 02:00 Nm 209.26668 80.12189 0.00106621143333 29.131 2.63 9.56 0.000356 2013-Feb-16 03:00 m 218.52187 82.03008 0.00121707038422 24.549 2.09 7.60 0.000359 2013-Feb-16 04:00 m 228.78287 83.39290 0.00136830220668 21.596 1.77 6.45 0.000360 2013-Feb-16 05:00 m 239.76980 84.34773 0.00151970209198 19.661 1.57 5.69 0.000362 2013-Feb-16 06:00 m 250.97723 84.99375 0.00167113592565 18.380 1.42 5.15 0.000362 2013-Feb-16 07:00 m 261.77647 85.41152 0.00182251058179 17.527 1.31 4.77 0.000363 2013-Feb-16 08:00 271.60213 85.66896 0.00197376068257 16.956 1.24 4.49 0.000363 2013-Feb-16 09:00 280.09425 85.82065 0.00212484271119 16.571 1.19 4.32 0.000363 Changes relative to solution 44 are minimal, which isn't surprising because the arc isn't lengthening significantly at this point. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2013 Feb 12: Uncertainties at hourly intervals with solution 44: Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(J2000.0)_DEC. delta POS_3sigma DOP_S_3sig DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2013-Feb-15 09:00 12.88140 -78.64982 0.00169705751865 7.846 1.50 5.44 0.000355 2013-Feb-15 10:00 15.87987 -79.33226 0.00154539295405 9.134 1.51 5.48 0.000356 2013-Feb-15 11:00 20.27985 -80.20830 0.00139312469740 10.937 1.51 5.50 0.000357 2013-Feb-15 12:00 27.08843 -81.30809 0.00124039177791 13.554 1.51 5.50 0.000358 2013-Feb-15 13:00 38.63859 -82.60501 0.00108745117496 17.503 1.53 5.56 0.000359 2013-Feb-15 14:00 N 60.34491 -83.80189 0.00093474378086 23.757 1.74 6.34 0.000359 2013-Feb-15 15:00 * 97.14182 -83.65618 0.00078304917280 34.278 2.88 10.45 0.000357 2013-Feb-15 16:00 * 131.45973 -80.11901 0.00063388459113 53.419 6.66 24.20 0.000351 2013-Feb-15 17:00 * 150.71013 -71.92723 0.00049064904626 91.721 17.96 65.27 0.000335 2013-Feb-15 18:00 *m 161.32990 -56.25632 0.00036226278126 174.143 53.21 193.38 0.000287 2013-Feb-15 19:00 *m 168.00304 -26.98340 0.00027388222823 315.980 138.04 501.71 0.000149 2013-Feb-15 20:00 *m 172.89141 13.14552 0.00027139894934 330.940 148.37 539.24 0.000096 2013-Feb-15 21:00 *m 177.39025 42.68345 0.00035589473591 198.427 64.45 234.23 0.000252 2013-Feb-15 22:00 *m 182.23312 58.79624 0.00048111164316 113.082 25.01 90.89 0.000313 2013-Feb-15 23:00 *m 187.69726 67.93775 0.00062122667965 71.258 11.29 41.03 0.000338 2013-Feb-16 00:00 *m 193.93968 73.63598 0.00076730177739 49.568 6.06 22.03 0.000350 2013-Feb-16 01:00 *m 201.09302 77.45160 0.00091608774603 37.373 3.83 13.91 0.000357 2013-Feb-16 02:00 Nm 209.27011 80.12220 0.00106623127451 30.089 2.77 10.07 0.000361 2013-Feb-16 03:00 m 218.52626 82.03018 0.00121709061235 25.562 2.21 8.04 0.000363 2013-Feb-16 04:00 m 228.78803 83.39282 0.00136832274870 22.681 1.88 6.82 0.000365 2013-Feb-16 05:00 m 239.77529 84.34749 0.00151972288898 20.821 1.65 5.99 0.000366 2013-Feb-16 06:00 m 250.98248 84.99337 0.00167115692716 19.610 1.48 5.39 0.000367 2013-Feb-16 07:00 m 261.78091 85.41104 0.00182253174395 18.820 1.36 4.94 0.000368 2013-Feb-16 08:00 271.60538 85.66840 0.00197378196806 18.302 1.27 4.62 0.000368 2013-Feb-16 09:00 280.09618 85.82005 0.00212486408983 17.964 1.21 4.41 0.000368 - - - - - - - - - - Uncertainties at hourly intervals with solution 40: Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(J2000.0)_DEC. delta POS_3sigma DOP_S_3sig DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2013-Feb-15 09:00 12.88160 -78.64973 0.00169705511532 17.891 1.82 6.61 0.000358 2013-Feb-15 10:00 15.88009 -79.33216 0.00154539047822 19.840 1.92 6.98 0.000359 2013-Feb-15 11:00 20.28007 -80.20819 0.00139312213974 22.337 2.06 7.50 0.000360 2013-Feb-15 12:00 27.08863 -81.30796 0.00124038912561 25.655 2.27 8.27 0.000361 2013-Feb-15 13:00 38.63866 -82.60487 0.00108744841054 30.273 2.62 9.52 0.000362 2013-Feb-15 14:00 N 60.34451 -83.80173 0.00093474088060 37.098 3.27 11.87 0.000362 2013-Feb-15 15:00 * 97.14055 -83.65606 0.00078304610475 47.987 4.71 17.14 0.000361 2013-Feb-15 16:00 * 131.45850 -80.11895 0.00063388131449 67.126 8.50 30.91 0.000356 2013-Feb-15 17:00 * 150.70931 -71.92718 0.00049064552322 104.824 19.57 71.14 0.000340 2013-Feb-15 18:00 *m 161.32934 -56.25613 0.00036225906686 185.871 54.37 197.60 0.000295 2013-Feb-15 19:00 *m 168.00265 -26.98276 0.00027387891321 326.623 138.86 504.66 0.000167 2013-Feb-15 20:00 *m 172.89116 13.14661 0.00027139747973 343.740 150.52 547.07 0.000113 2013-Feb-15 21:00 *m 177.39015 42.68440 0.00035589518870 213.400 67.29 244.57 0.000255 2013-Feb-15 22:00 *m 182.23322 58.79697 0.00048111319310 129.330 27.65 100.50 0.000315 2013-Feb-15 23:00 *m 187.69763 67.93833 0.00062122885926 89.060 13.74 49.95 0.000341 2013-Feb-16 00:00 *m 193.94041 73.63644 0.00076730437198 69.228 8.38 30.47 0.000353 2013-Feb-16 01:00 *m 201.09420 77.45197 0.00091609064798 58.890 5.99 21.76 0.000360 2013-Feb-16 02:00 Nm 209.27186 80.12249 0.00106623442203 53.231 4.71 17.13 0.000364 2013-Feb-16 03:00 m 218.52866 82.03039 0.00121709396430 50.012 3.89 14.15 0.000368 2013-Feb-16 04:00 m 228.79110 83.39294 0.00136832627355 48.125 3.28 11.90 0.000370 2013-Feb-16 05:00 m 239.77894 84.34753 0.00151972655976 46.999 2.77 10.06 0.000371 2013-Feb-16 06:00 m 250.98648 84.99333 0.00167116071920 46.324 2.34 8.51 0.000373 2013-Feb-16 07:00 m 261.78496 85.41092 0.00182253563406 45.924 2.00 7.27 0.000374 2013-Feb-16 08:00 271.60923 85.66823 0.00197378593447 45.696 1.75 6.37 0.000374 2013-Feb-16 09:00 280.09967 85.81983 0.00212486811259 45.575 1.61 5.83 0.000374 As one would expect, the pointing and Doppler uncertainties grow rapidly and peak at the time of the closest approach. This means that pointing uncertainties when observations start at EISCAT and Haystack will be substantially larger than at Goldstone. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - From Horizons, JPL solution #40 JPL/HORIZONS (2012 DA14) 2013-Feb-08 09:31:01 Rec #:728733 (+COV) Soln.date: 2013-Feb-08_00:52:12 # obs: 205 (2012-2013) Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(J2000.0)_DEC. delta POS_3sigma DOP_S_3sig DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2013-Feb-10 00:00 *m 5.71927 -70.89706 0.02087946318956 1.449 1.49 5.41 0.000412 2013-Feb-11 00:00 *m 5.86690 -71.09430 0.01732792212827 1.734 1.49 5.41 0.000384 2013-Feb-12 00:00 *m 6.04646 -71.37955 0.01377101234084 2.171 1.49 5.41 0.000363 2013-Feb-13 00:00 *m 6.30762 -71.85120 0.01020761316671 2.922 1.49 5.43 0.000349 2013-Feb-14 00:00 *m 6.82246 -72.81910 0.00663477615702 4.489 1.51 5.48 0.000344 2013-Feb-15 00:00 *m 8.91150 -76.04981 0.00304303801317 9.839 1.65 6.01 0.000350 2013-Feb-16 00:00 *m 193.94041 73.63644 0.00076730437198 69.228 8.38 30.47 0.000353 2013-Feb-17 00:00 *m 307.04283 84.47645 0.00438015508164 45.814 2.23 8.10 0.000381 2013-Feb-18 00:00 *m 319.27579 83.18713 0.00796169759432 46.351 2.19 7.97 0.000405 2013-Feb-19 00:00 *m 322.68583 82.63876 0.01152772815453 46.639 2.19 7.95 0.000434 2013-Feb-20 00:00 *m 324.24585 82.34133 0.01508361883631 46.823 2.18 7.94 0.000467 2013-Feb-21 00:00 *m 325.12127 82.15522 0.01863083876869 46.961 2.18 7.93 0.000504 2013-Feb-22 00:00 *m 325.67086 82.02765 0.02216960197873 47.076 2.18 7.92 0.000544 2013-Feb-23 00:00 *m 326.04198 81.93440 0.02569960468109 47.181 2.17 7.90 0.000586 2013-Feb-24 00:00 *m 326.30674 81.86283 0.02922029621406 47.280 2.17 7.88 0.000629 2013-Feb-25 00:00 * 326.50488 81.80574 0.03273099692094 47.377 2.16 7.86 0.000673 2013-Feb-26 00:00 * 326.66033 81.75878 0.03623095454215 47.475 2.15 7.83 0.000719 Slight reduction in pointing uncertainties relative to solution 39 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - From Horizons, JPL solution #39: JPL/HORIZONS (2012 DA14) 2013-Feb-07 10:04:52 Rec #:728733 (+COV) Soln.date: 2013-Feb-07_01:50:12 # obs: 200 (2012-2013) Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(J2000.0)_DEC. delta POS_3sigma DOP_S_3sig DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2013-Feb-10 00:00 *m 5.71928 -70.89703 0.02087947560647 1.937 1.53 5.56 0.000419 2013-Feb-11 00:00 *m 5.86692 -71.09427 0.01732793242660 2.320 1.53 5.56 0.000389 2013-Feb-12 00:00 *m 6.04648 -71.37951 0.01377102051161 2.905 1.53 5.57 0.000367 2013-Feb-13 00:00 *m 6.30766 -71.85114 0.01020761918705 3.905 1.54 5.58 0.000351 2013-Feb-14 00:00 *m 6.82254 -72.81901 0.00663477995870 5.989 1.55 5.65 0.000345 2013-Feb-15 00:00 *m 8.91170 -76.04962 0.00304303925749 13.039 1.74 6.33 0.000350 2013-Feb-16 00:00 *m 193.94254 73.63780 0.00076730425819 81.572 9.78 35.55 0.000353 2013-Feb-17 00:00 *m 307.04685 84.47554 0.00438016003709 60.758 2.61 9.48 0.000383 2013-Feb-18 00:00 *m 319.27690 83.18619 0.00796170486548 61.519 2.54 9.24 0.000407 2013-Feb-19 00:00 *m 322.68626 82.63782 0.01152773756024 61.906 2.53 9.19 0.000437 2013-Feb-20 00:00 *m 324.24600 82.34039 0.01508363031387 62.153 2.53 9.18 0.000472 2013-Feb-21 00:00 *m 325.12127 82.15429 0.01863085228142 62.339 2.52 9.16 0.000511 2013-Feb-22 00:00 *m 325.67076 82.02672 0.02216961749885 62.496 2.52 9.15 0.000552 2013-Feb-23 00:00 *m 326.04182 81.93347 0.02569962218471 62.639 2.51 9.13 0.000595 2013-Feb-24 00:00 *m 326.30653 81.86190 0.02922031567946 62.776 2.51 9.11 0.000640 2013-Feb-25 00:00 * 326.50465 81.80482 0.03273101832739 62.911 2.50 9.08 0.000686 New astrometry reported from Mt. John Observatory in New Zealand. This reduced the plane-of-sky pointing uncertainties by a factor of several but we still need more astrometry to reduce them more. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - From Horizons, JPL solution #38: Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(J2000.0)_DEC. delta POS_3sigma DOP_S_3sig DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2013-Feb-10 00:00 *m 5.71896 -70.89719 0.02087944976257 11.570 1.81 6.56 0.000490 2013-Feb-11 00:00 *m 5.86652 -71.09445 0.01732791023077 13.933 1.83 6.64 0.000449 2013-Feb-12 00:00 *m 6.04596 -71.37974 0.01377100202500 17.517 1.86 6.78 0.000414 2013-Feb-13 00:00 *m 6.30692 -71.85145 0.01020760454354 23.608 1.95 7.09 0.000385 2013-Feb-14 00:00 *m 6.82132 -72.81948 0.00663476952449 36.259 2.22 8.07 0.000365 2013-Feb-15 00:00 *m 8.90855 -76.05065 0.00304303475111 78.661 4.20 15.25 0.000355 2013-Feb-16 00:00 *m 193.93028 73.63172 0.00076730908877 393.918 45.80 166.46 0.000364 2013-Feb-17 00:00 *m 307.04364 84.48159 0.00438014650843 367.860 12.47 45.33 0.000418 2013-Feb-18 00:00 *m 319.28826 83.19212 0.00796168649869 373.018 11.88 43.18 0.000460 2013-Feb-19 00:00 *m 322.70058 82.64364 0.01152771524950 375.474 11.76 42.74 0.000504 2013-Feb-20 00:00 *m 324.26148 82.34615 0.01508360434495 377.033 11.71 42.57 0.000549 2013-Feb-21 00:00 *m 325.13734 82.16001 0.01863082280254 378.218 11.68 42.46 0.000597 2013-Feb-22 00:00 *m 325.68718 82.03243 0.02216958461105 379.234 11.66 42.37 0.000647 2013-Feb-23 00:00 *m 326.05846 81.93917 0.02569958596968 380.174 11.63 42.28 0.000698 2013-Feb-24 00:00 *m 326.32332 81.86760 0.02922027621172 381.086 11.60 42.17 0.000749 2013-Feb-25 00:00 * 326.52153 81.81051 0.03273097568180 381.997 11.57 42.05 0.000802 The new measurements of the astrometry from Las Campanas _increased_ the uncertainties. Solution 38 is based on the same data as solution 37. The announcement appeared in MPEC 2013-C19 (2013 February 5 UT) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - From Horizons, 2013 January 13, solution 37, # obs: 194 (2012-2013): Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(J2000.0)_DEC. delta POS_3sigma DOP_S_3sig DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2013-Feb-10 00:00 *m 5.71621 -70.89833 0.02087930348468 6.576 1.63 5.93 0.000435 2013-Feb-11 00:00 *m 5.86311 -71.09581 0.01732778092123 7.923 1.64 5.96 0.000401 2013-Feb-12 00:00 *m 6.04154 -71.38143 0.01377089015400 9.967 1.65 6.01 0.000374 2013-Feb-13 00:00 *m 6.30072 -71.85371 0.01020751111646 13.440 1.69 6.13 0.000354 2013-Feb-14 00:00 *m 6.81120 -72.82293 0.00663469725207 20.647 1.80 6.55 0.000345 2013-Feb-15 00:00 *m 8.88226 -76.05827 0.00304299622586 44.758 2.76 10.03 0.000348 2013-Feb-16 00:00 *m 193.83934 73.58864 0.00076735819962 227.080 26.58 96.59 0.000350 2013-Feb-17 00:00 *m 307.04656 84.52785 0.00438007114038 208.925 7.20 26.19 0.000400 2013-Feb-18 00:00 *m 319.39792 83.23708 0.00796158509352 212.211 6.89 25.05 0.000432 2013-Feb-19 00:00 *m 322.83120 82.68765 0.01152759435351 213.748 6.83 24.82 0.000468 2013-Feb-20 00:00 *m 324.40017 82.38965 0.01508346601388 214.706 6.80 24.73 0.000507 2013-Feb-21 00:00 *m 325.28011 82.20322 0.01863066807229 215.422 6.79 24.67 0.000548 2013-Feb-22 00:00 *m 325.83228 82.07548 0.02216941416809 216.025 6.77 24.61 0.000593 2013-Feb-23 00:00 *m 326.20501 81.98214 0.02569940036125 216.575 6.76 24.55 0.000639 2013-Feb-24 00:00 *m 326.47080 81.91054 0.02922007593884 217.102 6.74 24.49 0.000686 2013-Feb-25 00:00 * 326.66964 81.85347 0.03273076125809 217.623 6.72 24.41 0.000734 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - From Horizons, 2013 January 10, solution 36, # obs: 191 (2012-2013): Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(J2000.0)_DEC. delta POS_3sigma DOP_S_3sig DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2013-Feb-10 00:00 *m 5.71568 -70.89860 0.02087924732529 9.281 1.72 6.25 0.000460 2013-Feb-11 00:00 *m 5.86245 -71.09613 0.01732773335665 11.177 1.73 6.30 0.000423 2013-Feb-12 00:00 *m 6.04067 -71.38182 0.01377085128697 14.054 1.76 6.39 0.000392 2013-Feb-13 00:00 *m 6.29949 -71.85423 0.01020748117381 18.941 1.81 6.59 0.000368 2013-Feb-14 00:00 *m 6.80916 -72.82373 0.00663467685963 29.091 2.00 7.28 0.000354 2013-Feb-15 00:00 *m 8.87695 -76.06003 0.00304298834082 63.091 3.49 12.68 0.000351 2013-Feb-16 00:00 *m 193.81855 73.57804 0.00076736467442 316.156 36.84 133.88 0.000357 2013-Feb-17 00:00 *m 307.03983 84.53816 0.00438004364477 294.285 9.99 36.31 0.000409 2013-Feb-18 00:00 *m 319.41670 83.24720 0.00796154699392 298.599 9.52 34.61 0.000446 2013-Feb-19 00:00 *m 322.85515 82.69758 0.01152754718256 300.638 9.43 34.28 0.000485 2013-Feb-20 00:00 *m 324.42615 82.39948 0.01508341026422 301.923 9.39 34.14 0.000527 2013-Feb-21 00:00 *m 325.30712 82.21299 0.01863060400397 302.895 9.37 34.05 0.000572 2013-Feb-22 00:00 *m 325.85990 82.08521 0.02216934196257 303.722 9.35 33.97 0.000619 2013-Feb-23 00:00 *m 326.23301 81.99186 0.02569932016855 304.484 9.33 33.90 0.000667 2013-Feb-24 00:00 *m 326.49906 81.92025 0.02921998789834 305.220 9.30 33.81 0.000717 2013-Feb-25 00:00 * 326.69806 81.86318 0.03273066551085 305.952 9.27 33.70 0.000767 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - From Horizons, 2012 June 08, solution 35, #obs = 188 (79 day arc): The most recent optical observations were made on 2012 May 12 at Mauna Kea (568) Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(J2000.0)_DEC. delta POS_3sigma DOP_S_3sig DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig ...ten day intervals... 2013-Jan-01 00:00 * 347.19184 -66.01850 0.15692941752457 218.237 80.16 291.36 0.157322 2013-Jan-11 00:00 *m 354.49254 -67.51951 0.12450130925713 281.194 84.29 306.34 0.128450 2013-Jan-21 00:00 *m 0.20275 -68.76979 0.09077538082327 390.377 88.20 320.54 0.098542 2013-Jan-31 00:00 * 3.92502 -69.85373 0.05612075892253 634.042 92.96 337.86 0.067779 ...one day intervals... 2013-Feb-10 00:00 *m 5.65843 -70.92098 0.02087706335760 1697.261 109.92 399.50 0.036243 2013-Feb-11 00:00 *m 5.79176 -71.12278 0.01732574289288 2043.238 116.93 424.99 0.032902 2013-Feb-12 00:00 *m 5.94920 -71.41495 0.01376906405800 2568.255 128.91 468.53 0.029399 2013-Feb-13 00:00 *m 6.17156 -71.89844 0.01020591775691 3460.386 152.82 555.42 0.025555 2013-Feb-14 00:00 *m 6.60038 -72.89122 0.00663339227207 5314.302 216.54 787.01 0.020798 2013-Feb-15 00:00 *m 8.33189 -76.20912 0.00304223658442 11534.254 570.04 2071.78 0.011825 2013-Feb-16 00:00 *m 192.20905 72.70935 0.00076852776476 57903.666 6818.59 24781.84 0.019494 2013-Feb-17 00:00 *m 306.88084 85.44750 0.00437884675607 52105.248 1747.14 6349.91 0.019787 2013-Feb-18 00:00 *m 321.75850 84.13090 0.00795997266882 52618.127 1650.92 6000.19 0.026142 2013-Feb-19 00:00 *m 325.65162 83.56091 0.01152573050997 52890.286 1630.71 5926.75 0.030219 2013-Feb-20 00:00 *m 327.39177 83.25191 0.01508139574007 53074.303 1621.82 5894.42 0.033515 2013-Feb-21 00:00 *m 328.35611 83.05931 0.01862841586780 53222.199 1615.47 5871.34 0.036357 2013-Feb-22 00:00 *m 328.95626 82.92808 0.02216699779742 53354.994 1609.55 5849.84 0.038848 2013-Feb-23 00:00 *m 329.35847 82.83295 0.02569683514463 53482.572 1603.34 5827.26 0.041022 2013-Feb-24 00:00 *m 329.64324 82.76070 0.02921737663053 53610.082 1596.46 5802.25 0.042882 2013-Feb-25 00:00 * 329.85460 82.70379 0.03272794320844 53740.389 1588.59 5773.66 0.044413 ============================================================================ Apparent Magnitudes, Solar Elongations, Elongations from the Moon, and Moon Illumination: (JPL/Horizons solution 35) Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(J2000.0)_DEC. delta APmag S-O-T /r T-O-M/Illu% 2013-Jan-01 00:00 347.18997 -66.00326 0.15692113041397 24.46 59.2591 /T 121.0/ 88.2 2013-Jan-11 00:00 354.49190 -67.50039 0.12449195731337 24.11 59.3319 /T 66.2/ 1.1 ...one day intervals... 2013-Jan-21 00:00 0.20620 -68.74373 0.09076510825601 23.55 59.7828 /T 94.4/ 68.8 2013-Jan-22 00:00 0.67638 -68.85868 0.08733417231129 23.48 59.8481 /T 99.4/ 77.1 2013-Jan-23 00:00 1.12610 -68.97201 0.08389446491769 23.40 59.9167 /T 103.9/ 84.5 2013-Jan-24 00:00 1.55488 -69.08369 0.08044642186086 23.33 59.9885 /T 107.9/ 90.6 2013-Jan-25 00:00 1.96228 -69.19365 0.07699046528726 23.24 60.0635 /T 111.2/ 95.4 2013-Jan-26 00:00 2.34790 -69.30181 0.07352700053184 23.15 60.1417 /T 113.6/ 98.5 2013-Jan-27 00:00 2.71141 -69.40808 0.07005641228932 23.06 60.2229 /T 114.8/ 99.8 2013-Jan-28 00:00 3.05257 -69.51235 0.06657906043944 22.96 60.3071 /T 114.9/ 99.2 2013-Jan-29 00:00 3.37129 -69.61451 0.06309527601248 22.85 60.3944 /T 113.6/ 96.5 2013-Jan-30 00:00 3.66762 -69.71447 0.05960535784277 22.74 60.4848 /T 111.2/ 91.8 2013-Jan-31 00:00 3.94182 -69.81217 0.05610957038411 22.62 60.5784 /T 107.6/ 85.3 2013-Feb-01 00:00 4.19437 -69.90762 0.05260814296428 22.49 60.6756 /T 103.2/ 77.0 2013-Feb-02 00:00 4.42604 -70.00095 0.04910127056601 22.35 60.7765 /T 98.0/ 67.3 2013-Feb-03 00:00 4.63788 -70.09244 0.04558911603594 22.20 60.8819 /T 92.5/ 56.6 2013-Feb-04 00:00 4.83130 -70.18263 0.04207181357348 22.03 60.9925 /T 86.8/ 45.4 2013-Feb-05 00:00 5.00810 -70.27246 0.03854947324773 21.85 61.1093 /T 81.2/ 34.2 2013-Feb-06 00:00 5.17052 -70.36342 0.03502218597195 21.65 61.2341 /T 76.0/ 23.7 2013-Feb-07 00:00 5.32133 -70.45786 0.03149002748771 21.43 61.3691 /T 71.7/ 14.6 2013-Feb-08 00:00 5.46404 -70.55951 0.02795305814529 21.18 61.5180 /T 68.5/ 7.3 2013-Feb-09 00:00 5.60330 -70.67442 0.02441131232419 20.89 61.6859 /T 66.8/ 2.5 2013-Feb-10 00:00 5.74589 -70.81276 0.02086476634402 20.55 61.8821 /T 66.6/ 0.3 2013-Feb-11 00:00 5.90311 -70.99299 0.01731326333752 20.15 62.1225 /T 68.1/ 0.8 2013-Feb-12 00:00 6.09738 -71.25251 0.01375634495798 19.64 62.4397 /T 71.0/ 3.8 2013-Feb-13 00:00 6.38387 -71.68060 0.01019284202744 18.97 62.9117 /T 75.1/ 9.0 2013-Feb-14 00:00 6.95234 -72.55866 0.00661965468830 17.99 63.7852 /T 80.2/ 15.8 2013-Feb-15 00:00 9.22091 -75.49426 0.00302647215144 16.13 66.4865 /T 87.4/ 23.8 2013-Feb-16 00:00 189.24695 75.55363 0.00078309845312 11.17 113.2948 /L 88.2/ 32.7 2013-Feb-17 00:00 312.49445 85.39716 0.00440377538820 15.44 97.6835 /L 72.8/ 42.0 2013-Feb-18 00:00 324.01535 84.05640 0.00798571773025 16.80 95.8195 /L 71.2/ 51.5 2013-Feb-19 00:00 327.05009 83.50386 0.01155173221297 17.63 94.8920 /L 71.3/ 60.8 2013-Feb-20 00:00 328.40862 83.20765 0.01510749488077 18.23 94.2361 /L 72.6/ 69.8 2013-Feb-21 00:00 329.15814 83.02395 0.01865454501220 18.70 93.6956 /L 74.7/ 78.0 2013-Feb-22 00:00 329.62060 82.89916 0.02219312206951 19.09 93.2146 /L 77.6/ 85.4 2013-Feb-23 00:00 329.92702 82.80887 0.02572293419315 19.42 92.7680 /L 81.0/ 91.5 2013-Feb-24 00:00 330.14122 82.74038 0.02924343760022 19.71 92.3431 /L 84.9/ 96.2 2013-Feb-25 00:00 330.29840 82.68647 0.03275395752990 19.96 91.9326 /L 89.2/ 99.0 2013-Feb-26 00:00 330.41976 82.64277 0.03625374599386 20.19 91.5321 /L 93.5/ 99.8
We are expecting a bandwidth of about 1 Hz due to the estimated diameter (50 m) and rotation period (6 hours). The 3-sigma Doppler uncertainties when the track starts are relatively small so we're going to use our standard 4 kHz setup but with a longer FFT than usual in order to resolve the echo in frequency. CW setup: --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TX polarization RCP RCV polarization LCP & RCP Frequency hops: 2 Dwell 30 seconds Bandwidth: 4000 Hz Sampling interval: 2500 x 0.1 usec FFT for CW files: 32768 for 0.12 Hz resolution Ranging setups: --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 127 x 64 10-usec baud 10 usec code 127 PRP 1270 usec FFT 64 ncoh 1 bandwidth 787 Hz resolution 12.3 Hz TXOFF +150 Hz (echo in bin 32+12=44) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 127 x 64 11-usec baud 11 usec code 127 PRP 1397 usec FFT 64 ncoh 1 bandwidth 717 Hz resolution 11.2 Hz TXOFF +150 Hz (echo in bin 32+13=45) ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 255 x 128 1-usec baud 1 usec code 255 ncoh 2 bandwidth 1961 Hz FFT 128 dfreq 15.3 Hz TXoff +150 Hz (echo in bin 64+9=74) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 127 x 512 0.25-usec baud 0.25 usec code 127 ncoh 62 bandwidth 508 Hz FFT 512 dfreq 0.99 Hz TXoff + 50Hz (echo in bin 256+50=306) _____________________________________________________________________ POSSIBLE RANGING SETUPS: (code=127, FFT=64, single-pol'n) These are from JX, w/ max-band (min-acc) options from Ray Jurgens. Currently configured for 5-sec records. _______________________________________________________________________ Setup Baud RP 1-acc 1-acc usec m usec band res acc band res _______________________________________________________________________ JX1XS110 11.000 1650 1397.0 715.8 11.2 2 358 5.6 JX1XS070 7.000 1050 889.0 1124.9 17.6 3 375 5.9 JX1XS020 2.000 300 254.0 3937.0 61.5 12 328 5.1 4 984 15.4 JX1XS010 1.000 150 127.0 7874.0 123.0 41 192 3.0 8 984 15.4 JX1XS005 0.500 75 63.5 15748.0 246.1 123 128 2.0 15 1050 16.4 JX1XS002 0.250 37.5 31.75 31496.1 492.1 492 64 1.0 30 1050 16.4 JX1XS001 0.125 18.75 15.875 62992.1 984.3 1970 32 0.5 60 1050 16.4 ____________________________________________________________________
OSOD and predicts are on aardvark: for WFG: /export/data3/osod/ops/2012da14/PRDX.OUT.14v-13-13.57 /PUNCH.OUT.14v-13-13.57 /EPH.OUT.57 POINTING TX Offsets Date (UTC) DOY hhmmss RA Dec Macro LHA Dec RTT OSOD 2013 02 18 049 080000 322.4988 82.7330 A -1.40 -0.10 9.1 s57 2013 02 18 049 090000 323.0389 82.7282 A -1.40 0.00 9.3 2013 02 18 049 100000 323.5165 82.7362 A -1.10 0.10 9.4 2013 02 18 049 110000 323.9113 82.7546 A -0.90 0.00 9.6 2013 02 18 049 120000 324.2077 82.7807 AB -0.70 0.10 9.7 2013 02 18 049 130000 324.3955 82.8110 B -0.40 0.10 9.9 2013 02 18 049 140000 324.4710 82.8423 B -0.10 0.10 10.0 2013 02 18 049 150000 324.4378 82.8709 B 0.20 0.10 10.2 2013 02 18 049 160000 324.3065 82.8937 B 0.50 0.10 10.3 Transmit offsets are given in millidegrees. POINTING FOR DSS-13 Date (UTC) DOY hhmmss RA DEC OSOD 2013 FEB 18 049 080000 322.502 82.7326 s57 2013 FEB 18 049 090000 323.043 82.7280 2013 FEB 18 049 100000 323.521 82.7362 2013 FEB 18 049 110000 323.916 82.7547 2013 FEB 18 049 120000 324.212 82.7809 2013 FEB 18 049 130000 324.399 82.8114 2013 FEB 18 049 140000 324.474 82.8427 2013 FEB 18 049 150000 324.440 82.8714 2013 FEB 18 049 160000 324.308 82.8943 Due to problems with the master equatorial, we will observe in encoder mode for all the 2012 DA14 tracks. Encoder mode worked well earlier in the week with observations of Camillo, 2013 BS45, and 2013 BV15.
PRDX.OUT.14f-13-13.s57 TRANSMITTER: STATION #14, RECEIVER: STATION #13 RECEIVER U.T. RANGE DOPPLER LHA DEC RA EL 2013 FEB 18 08:00 9.1389144680 -352392.817 189.1547 82.7326 322.502 28.065 2013 FEB 18 08:10 9.1636106212 -352270.822 191.5680 82.7309 322.596 28.114 2013 FEB 18 08:20 9.1882982494 -352149.673 193.9826 82.7296 322.688 28.176 2013 FEB 18 08:30 9.2129774222 -352029.583 196.3985 82.7286 322.779 28.249 2013 FEB 18 08:40 9.2376482216 -351910.766 198.8158 82.7281 322.869 28.334 2013 FEB 18 08:50 9.2623107440 -351793.433 201.2346 82.7279 322.957 28.431 2013 FEB 18 09:00 9.2869650982 -351677.792 203.6551 82.7280 323.043 28.540 2013 FEB 18 09:10 9.3116114128 -351564.049 206.0773 82.7285 323.128 28.661 2013 FEB 18 09:20 9.3362498288 -351452.406 208.5014 82.7294 323.210 28.792 2013 FEB 18 09:30 9.3608804973 -351343.061 210.9274 82.7306 323.291 28.935 2013 FEB 18 09:40 9.3855035883 -351236.210 213.3555 82.7322 323.370 29.089 2013 FEB 18 09:50 9.4101192823 -351132.042 215.7857 82.7340 323.447 29.254 2013 FEB 18 10:00 9.4347277739 -351030.743 218.2182 82.7362 323.521 29.429 2013 FEB 18 10:10 9.4593292715 -350932.493 220.6529 82.7386 323.593 29.615 2013 FEB 18 10:20 9.4839239948 -350837.466 223.0901 82.7413 323.663 29.810 2013 FEB 18 10:30 9.5085121734 -350745.831 225.5297 82.7443 323.730 30.015 2013 FEB 18 10:40 9.5330940543 -350657.751 227.9720 82.7475 323.795 30.230 2013 FEB 18 10:50 9.5576698910 -350573.382 230.4168 82.7510 323.857 30.453 2013 FEB 18 11:00 9.5822399471 -350492.873 232.8643 82.7547 323.916 30.685 2013 FEB 18 11:10 9.6068045000 -350416.366 235.3146 82.7587 323.972 30.925 2013 FEB 18 11:20 9.6313638352 -350343.996 237.7677 82.7628 324.026 31.174 2013 FEB 18 11:30 9.6559182448 -350275.890 240.2236 82.7671 324.077 31.430 2013 FEB 18 11:40 9.6804680342 -350212.167 242.6825 82.7715 324.125 31.693 2013 FEB 18 11:50 9.7050135145 -350152.938 245.1444 82.7761 324.170 31.962 2013 FEB 18 12:00 9.7295550027 -350098.306 247.6092 82.7809 324.212 32.238 2013 FEB 18 12:10 9.7540928271 -350048.364 250.0771 82.7858 324.251 32.520 2013 FEB 18 12:20 9.7786273173 -350003.198 252.5480 82.7908 324.287 32.807 2013 FEB 18 12:30 9.8031588108 -349962.884 255.0221 82.7958 324.320 33.099 2013 FEB 18 12:40 9.8276876501 -349927.489 257.4993 82.8010 324.349 33.395 2013 FEB 18 12:50 9.8522141832 -349897.072 259.9795 82.8062 324.376 33.695 2013 FEB 18 13:00 9.8767387595 -349871.679 262.4630 82.8114 324.399 33.998 2013 FEB 18 13:10 9.9012617339 -349851.351 264.9495 82.8167 324.420 34.304 2013 FEB 18 13:20 9.9257834622 -349836.117 267.4392 82.8219 324.437 34.612 2013 FEB 18 13:30 9.9503043007 -349825.996 269.9321 82.8272 324.451 34.923 2013 FEB 18 13:40 9.9748246100 -349820.998 272.4280 82.8324 324.462 35.234 2013 FEB 18 13:50 9.9993447491 -349821.125 274.9271 82.8376 324.469 35.545 2013 FEB 18 14:00 10.0238650748 -349826.365 277.4292 82.8427 324.474 35.857 2013 FEB 18 14:10 10.0483859481 -349836.701 279.9344 82.8478 324.476 36.168 2013 FEB 18 14:20 10.0729077231 -349852.103 282.4425 82.8528 324.475 36.478 2013 FEB 18 14:30 10.0974307535 -349872.532 284.9537 82.8576 324.470 36.786
2012 DA14 GOLDSTONE MASTERLOG
============================================================================== Receive TX Setup hops dwell code ncoh FFT runs start -stop OSOD offset Poln Notes ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Close Approaches using JPL/Horizons solution 65 (2013 Feb. 19, # obs: 791 (2012-2013)) (after the radar observations) Date (CT) Body CA Dist MinDist MaxDist Vrel TCA3Sg Nsigs P_i/p ---------------------- ----- ------- ------- ------- ------ ------ ------ ------- A.D. 1792 Feb 20.34287 Earth .090918 .002500 16.86714 7.739 8.18E5 9.0E99 9.0E-99 A.D. 1846 Aug 20.75016 Earth .035507 .001490 .412399 6.562 13295. 2.49E5 .000000 A.D. 1847 Aug 22.98664 Earth .045766 .006439 .580669 5.554 11278. 1.34E6 .000000 A.D. 1850 Feb 13.40132 Earth .087482 .004241 .246763 5.529 8711.5 1.30E6 .000000 A.D. 1851 Feb 17.21628 Earth .003894 .003091 .017816 6.282 989.96 1.45E6 .000000 A.D. 1883 Aug 23.66967 Earth .025448 .023774 .027221 5.778 15.71 1.07E6 .000000 A.D. 1885 Feb 12.31423 Earth .088524 .085731 .091319 5.431 126.40 4.59E5 .000000 A.D. 1915 Aug 23.33988 Earth .080349 .079995 .080703 7.385 0.72 2.68E6 .000000 A.D. 1918 Feb 17.15968 Earth .002896 .002893 .002899 6.257 0.11 3.87E6 .000000 A.D. 1919 Feb 18.45774 Earth .029794 .029760 .029827 6.635 1.78 5.15E6 .000000 A.D. 1920 Feb 20.73293 Earth .083699 .083658 .083739 7.703 2.14 2.05E6 .000000 A.D. 2002 Aug 15.42890 Earth .092305 .092301 .092308 7.750 0.21 1.48E6 .000000 A.D. 2003 Aug 18.33125 Earth .038771 .038768 .038773 6.686 0.15 1.23E6 .000000 A.D. 2004 Aug 19.47335 Earth .008129 .008129 .008129 6.090 0.01 1.20E6 .000000 A.D. 2005 Aug 21.67600 Earth .038926 .038925 .038926 5.610 0.03 1.12E6 .000000 A.D. 2006 Aug 24.72553 Earth .086590 .086589 .086590 5.332 0.04 9.11E5 .000000 A.D. 2011 Feb 14.89679 Earth .063184 .063184 .063184 5.510 0.00 1.77E7 .000000 A.D. 2012 Feb 16.25715 Earth .017426 .017426 .017426 5.932 0.00 1.01E6 .000000 A.D. 2013 Feb 15.80960 Earth .000228 .000228 .000228 7.820 0.00 1.53E6 .000000 A.D. 2013 Feb 16.02891 Moon .002737 .002737 .002737 6.571 0.00 1.61E7 .000000 A.D. 2046 Feb 15.27173 Earth .014837 .014793 .014881 6.225 2.41 4.30E5 .000000 A.D. 2053 Feb 19.07459 Earth .080856 .080245 .081467 6.524 37.23 1.76E6 .000000 A.D. 2087 Feb 15.42773 Earth .013124 .011913 .014333 6.223 62.71 6.32E5 .000000 A.D. 2123 Feb 16.95006 Earth .005786 .000210 .061304 6.211 2846.5 1.55E5 .000000 A.D. 2136 Feb 19.54372 Earth .058325 .004557 5.045304 6.307 6.00E5 4.49E6 .000000 NOTE: post-epoch CA list was truncated due to Earth TCA3Sg exceeding the set limit. - - - - - - - - - - Close approaches using JPL/Horizons solution 43: (prior to inclusion of radar astrometry) NOTE: pre-epoch CA list was truncated due to Earth TCA3Sg exceeding the set limit. Date (CT) Body CA Dist MinDist MaxDist Vrel TCA3Sg Nsigs P_i/p ---------------------- ----- ------- ------- ------- ------ ------ ------ ------- A.D. 1851 Feb 16.07939 Earth .019170 .002905 .715534 5.921 53621. 79324. .000000 A.D. 1883 Aug 23.67613 Earth .019445 .016521 .059759 5.895 35.47 2.61E5 .000000 A.D. 1885 Feb 11.85372 Earth .099733 .045948 .152872 5.429 2153.6 69341. .000000 A.D. 1886 Feb 20.61871 Earth .093807 .031009 .147091 7.865 3242.2 53393. .000000 A.D. 1915 Aug 23.33688 Earth .081776 .074863 .088562 7.414 13.36 2.75E5 .000000 A.D. 1918 Feb 17.15988 Earth .002883 .002823 .002944 6.258 2.13 1.10E5 .000000 A.D. 1919 Feb 18.46266 Earth .029927 .029304 .030548 6.637 32.87 63650. .000000 A.D. 1920 Feb 20.73944 Earth .083859 .083107 .084609 7.707 39.60 42821. .000000 A.D. 2002 Aug 15.41935 Earth .092291 .092230 .092353 7.750 3.81 1.65E5 .000000 A.D. 2003 Aug 18.33168 Earth .038762 .038722 .038802 6.685 2.78 2.04E5 .000000 A.D. 2004 Aug 19.47337 Earth .008129 .008128 .008130 6.090 0.18 3.08E5 .000000 A.D. 2005 Aug 21.67608 Earth .038927 .038920 .038935 5.610 0.48 3.68E5 .000000 A.D. 2006 Aug 24.72565 Earth .086591 .086583 .086600 5.332 0.60 64738. .000000 A.D. 2011 Feb 14.89679 Earth .063184 .063183 .063184 5.510 0.12 5.21E5 .000000 A.D. 2012 Feb 16.25714 Earth .017426 .017426 .017427 5.932 0.16 1.04E5 .000000 A.D. 2013 Feb 15.80960 Earth .000228 .000228 .000228 7.820 0.14 19120. .000000 A.D. 2013 Feb 16.02876 Moon .002737 .002737 .002737 6.571 0.15 1.56E5 .000000 A.D. 2046 Feb 15.20430 Earth .016652 .013025 .020266 6.231 196.39 4352.2 .000000 A.D. 2080 Feb 14.52887 Earth .049838 .002831 .181208 6.475 5990.9 8841.3 .000000 A.D. 2087 Feb 16.86881 Earth .024144 .000642 .051917 6.154 1953.8 2675.6 .000000 A.D. 2114 Feb 19.25819 Earth .062228 .005352 .136136 6.330 5226.2 16816. .000000 A.D. 2134 Feb 16.21253 Earth .005887 .000177 .099217 6.239 5041.5 640.77 .000000 A.D. 2149 Feb 19.18543 Earth .082737 .008156 10.62494 6.506 9.81E5 19344. .000000 NOTE: post-epoch CA list was truncated due to Earth TCA3Sg exceeding the set limit.
Dr. Lance A. M. Benner | PHONE: (818) 354-7412 Mail Stop 183-610 | FAX: (818) 354-9476 Jet Propulsion Laboratory | email: lance.benner@jpl.nasa.gov California Institute of Technology | Plan: To live long and prosper Pasadena, CA 91109-8099 http://echo.jpl.nasa.gov/asteroids/2012DA14/2012DA14_planning.html