Goldstone Radar Observations Planning: (357024) 1999 YR14
1999 YR14 was discovered by LONEOS on Dec 31, 1999. This asteroid will approach within 0.056 au on 2016 September 1. 1999 YR14 has an absolute magnitude of 19.1 that suggests a diameter within a factor of two of 0.5 km. Lightcurves obtained by Brian Warner reveal a rotation period of 4.2 hours and an amplitude of 1.2 magnitudes, strongly suggesting a very elongated shape. Otherwise nothing is known about its physical properties. This object has not been observed previously with radar. Three tracks are scheduled at Goldstone from Aug. 31-Sep. 2 and six tracks are scheduled at Arecibo starting on Sep. 7. The SNRs at Goldstone should be strong enough to obtain echo power spectra, ranging measurements, and possibly coarse resolution radar images. The Goldstone observations are scheduled when the declination is too far south for Arecibo. Arecibo SNRs should be strong enough for high-resolution delay-Doppler imaging. Due to the 3-hour rotation period and the durations of the tracks, all the Goldstone tracks will sample more than one full rotation. The Arecibo tracks will see very similar orientations from day-to-day because the period is commensurate with 24 hours, but the phases will gradually shift. This apparition will be favorable for obtaining lightcurves, vis-IR spectroscopy, and possibly IR radiometry. The NEOWISE spacecraft may observe this object around Sep. 10 when the solar elongation passes through 90 deg. The Minor Planet Center has designated 1999 YR14 as a "Potentially Hazardous Asteroid."
Orbital and Physical Characteristics Provisional Designation 1999 YR14 Asteroid number 357024 Discoverer LONEOS Discovery date 1999 Dec 31 orbit type Apollo Close approach date 2016 September 1 Close approach dist. 0.0558 au Close approach dist. 21.7 ld semimajor axis 1.654 au eccentricity 0.401 inclination 3.7 deg perihelion distance 0.991 au aphelion distance 2.317 au Tisserand parameter 4.178 Asteroidal absolute magnitude (H) 19.1 diameter 0.5 km +- a factor of two optical albedo unknown rotation period 4.2477 +- 0.0005 h B. D. Warner, pers. comm. lightcurve amplitude 1.2 mag B. D. Warner, pers. comm. pole direction unknown spectral class unknown Last update: 2016 September 1
1999 YR14 http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K00/K00A10.html
SNR Calculations
GOLDSTONE SNRS Assumptions: D = 0.5 km, P = 2.1 h, OC albedo = 0.1 w DOY start date window RA, dec dist runs SNR/day SNR/run 34 236 2016 Aug 23 08:30-12:55 15, -27 0.069 112 25 2 34 237 2016 Aug 24 08:30-13:15 19, -26 0.067 125 31 3 34 238 2016 Aug 25 08:30-13:35 22, -24 0.064 139 38 3 34 239 2016 Aug 26 08:30-13:55 26, -23 0.062 154 46 4 34 240 2016 Aug 27 08:30-14:20 30, -21 0.060 170 55 5 34 241 2016 Aug 28 08:30-14:40 34, -19 0.059 185 64 5 35 242 2016 Aug 29 08:30-15:05 37, -16 0.057 201 73 6 35 243 2016 Aug 30 08:30-15:30 41, -14 0.057 215 81 6 35 244 2016 Aug 31 08:30-15:50 45, -11 0.056 228 88 6 Scheduled 35 245 2016 Sep 01 08:30-16:15 49, -9 0.056 240 93 7 Scheduled 35 246 2016 Sep 02 08:35-16:35 53, -6 0.056 249 95 7 Scheduled 35 247 2016 Sep 03 08:35-16:55 57, -3 0.057 256 94 6 35 248 2016 Sep 04 08:35-17:10 60, -1 0.057 261 91 6 36 249 2016 Sep 05 08:40-17:30 64, +2 0.059 263 86 6 36 250 2016 Sep 06 08:40-17:45 67, +4 0.060 264 79 5 36 251 2016 Sep 07 08:40-18:00 70, +6 0.062 263 72 5 Arecibo observations start 36 252 2016 Sep 08 08:45-18:15 73, +9 0.064 260 64 4 36 253 2016 Sep 09 08:45-18:25 76, +10 0.066 257 56 4 36 254 2016 Sep 10 08:50-18:40 79, +12 0.069 252 49 3 36 255 2016 Sep 11 08:50-18:50 81, +14 0.071 247 43 3 37 256 2016 Sep 12 08:50-19:00 83, +15 0.074 241 37 3 37 257 2016 Sep 13 08:50-19:05 85, +17 0.077 235 32 2 Goldstone SNRs assume Ptx = 450 kW and Tsys = 18 K. Due to the 4.2 h rotation period, and all else being equal, the SNRs will be about 40% stronger than indicated above. ARECIBO SNRS start date window RA, dec dist runs SNR/day SNR/run 2016 Sep 05 09:00-10:23 63, +1 0.058 41 660 110 2016 Sep 06 08:56-10:45 67, +4 0.060 53 800 120 2016 Sep 07 08:55-11:03 70, +6 0.062 60 800 110 Scheduled 2016 Sep 08 08:57-11:17 73, +8 0.064 64 750 100 Scheduled. Overlaps the window for Ra-Shalom 2016 Sep 09 09:00-11:29 75, +10 0.066 66 690 88 Scheduled 2016 Sep 10 09:03-11:38 78, +12 0.068 67 610 78 Scheduled 2016 Sep 11 09:07-11:47 81, +14 0.071 66 540 69 Scheduled 2016 Sep 12 09:10-11:54 83, +15 0.073 65 470 61 2016 Sep 13 09:14-11:59 85, +17 0.076 63 410 53 2016 Sep 14 09:18-12:04 87, +18 0.079 58 340 47 2016 Sep 15 09:22-12:08 89, +19 0.082 56 290 41 Scheduled 2016 Sep 16 09:25-12:12 91, +20 0.085 57 260 36 2016 Sep 17 09:28-12:14 93, +21 0.089 55 220 32 2016 Sep 18 09:31-12:16 94, +22 0.092 53 190 28 2016 Sep 19 09:34-12:18 96, +23 0.095 51 170 25 2016 Sep 20 09:36-12:19 97, +23 0.099 49 150 22 2016 Sep 21 09:38-12:20 99, +24 0.102 47 130 19 2016 Sep 22 09:40-12:21 100, +25 0.106 45 110 17 2016 Sep 23 09:42-12:21 101, +25 0.109 43 97 15 2016 Sep 24 09:44-12:21 102, +26 0.113 41 85 14 2016 Sep 25 09:45-12:21 104, +26 0.116 40 75 12 2016 Sep 26 09:46-12:21 105, +27 0.120 38 66 11 2016 Sep 27 09:47-12:20 106, +27 0.123 37 59 10 2016 Sep 28 09:48-12:19 107, +28 0.127 35 52 9 2016 Sep 29 09:48-12:18 108, +28 0.130 34 46 8 2016 Sep 30 09:49-12:17 109, +28 0.134 33 42 8 Assumptions: Ptx = 900 kW, Tsys = 25 K, and P = 2.1 h. The actual SNRs could be stronger due to the 4.2-h rotation period.
Track Assignments
DOY BOA BOT EOT EOA 244 0700 0830 1325 1355 DSS-14 GSSR AST 1999 YR14 0000 0130 0625 0655 PDT Aug 31 245 0815 0945 1430 1500 DSS-14 GSSR AST 1999 YR14 0115 0245 0730 0800 PDT Sep 1 246 0810 0940 1415 1445 DSS-14 GSSR AST 1999 YR14 0110 0240 0715 0745 PDT Sep 2 Goldstone tracks: UT UT PDT Duration Round-trip DOY Date TX Window TX Window hh:mm time (sec) Rotations 244 Aug 31 0830-1325 0130-0625 Aug 31 4:55 56 1.16 245 Sep 1 0845-1430 0145-0730 Sep 1 5:45 56 1.35 246 Sep 2 0840-1415 0140-0715 Sep 2 5:35 56 1.31 The start times above assume we can begin 30 minutes into precal. Arecibo tracks: UT UT PDT Round-trip Duration Date TX Window TX Window time (sec) hh:mm Rotations Sep 07 0855-1103 0155-0403 62 2:08 0.50 Sep 08 0857-1117 0157-0417 64 2:20 0.55 Sep 09 0900-1129 0200-0429 66 2:29 0.58 Sep 10 0903-1138 0203-0438 68 2:36 0.61 Sep 11 0907-1147 0207-0447 71 2:40 0.63 Sep 15 0922-1208 0222-0508 82 2:46 0.65 Only part of this time is scheduled.
Uncertainties
JPL/Horizons solution 56, # obs: 172 (1999-2016): 2016 Aug 30 Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(a-appar)_DEC. delta POS_3sigma DOP_S_3sig DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2016-Aug-23 00:00 * 13.93759 -27.66457 0.07062058365736 0.502 0.25 0.89 0.000329 2016-Aug-24 00:00 * 17.19553 -26.45445 0.06787140589941 0.522 0.26 0.96 0.000328 2016-Aug-25 00:00 * 20.61152 -25.06218 0.06535163114661 0.550 0.29 1.04 0.000326 2016-Aug-26 00:00 * 24.17236 -23.47662 0.06308263462121 0.587 0.31 1.14 0.000323 2016-Aug-27 00:00 * 27.85953 -21.69162 0.06108641275455 0.634 0.35 1.26 0.000318 2016-Aug-28 00:00 * 31.64923 -19.70793 0.05938470111420 0.690 0.39 1.40 0.000312 2016-Aug-29 00:00 * 35.51301 -17.53499 0.05799784253307 0.754 0.43 1.57 0.000305 2016-Aug-30 00:00 *m 39.41884 -15.19201 0.05694347220072 0.823 0.48 1.74 0.000295 2016-Aug-31 00:00 *m 43.33266 -12.70806 0.05623515383217 0.894 0.53 1.91 0.000284 2016-Sep-01 00:00 *m 47.22013 -10.12078 0.05588115773906 0.962 0.57 2.07 0.000271 2016-Sep-02 00:00 *m 51.04848 -7.47382 0.05588359036359 1.025 0.61 2.21 0.000257 2016-Sep-03 00:00 *m 54.78811 -4.81328 0.05623804549640 1.079 0.64 2.31 0.000243 2016-Sep-04 00:00 *m 58.41384 -2.18390 0.05693385203323 1.123 0.65 2.38 0.000227 2016-Sep-05 00:00 *m 61.90563 0.37435 0.05795487060332 1.154 0.66 2.40 0.000213 2016-Sep-06 00:00 *m 65.24883 2.82875 0.05928068499391 1.174 0.66 2.40 0.000198 2016-Sep-07 00:00 *m 68.43400 5.15497 0.06088797893349 1.183 0.65 2.36 0.000185 2016-Sep-08 00:00 *m 71.45636 7.33717 0.06275189427244 1.182 0.63 2.29 0.000174 2016-Sep-09 00:00 *m 74.31514 9.36714 0.06484721746851 1.174 0.61 2.21 0.000165 2016-Sep-10 00:00 *m 77.01277 11.24302 0.06714931025648 1.159 0.58 2.12 0.000158 JPL/Horizons solution 50, # obs: 141 (1999-2016): 2016 August 22 Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(a-appar)_DEC. delta POS_3sigma DOP_S_3sig DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2016-Aug-23 00:00 * 13.93752 -27.66454 0.07062067893641 1.355 0.64 2.32 0.000572 2016-Aug-24 00:00 * 17.19546 -26.45442 0.06787149702738 1.493 0.73 2.66 0.000556 2016-Aug-25 00:00 * 20.61144 -25.06215 0.06535171749502 1.642 0.84 3.05 0.000536 2016-Aug-26 00:00 * 24.17227 -23.47660 0.06308271549982 1.800 0.95 3.47 0.000513 2016-Aug-27 00:00 * 27.85943 -21.69160 0.06108648742527 1.964 1.08 3.91 0.000487 2016-Aug-28 00:00 * 31.64912 -19.70791 0.05938476881378 2.129 1.20 4.37 0.000458 2016-Aug-29 00:00 * 35.51289 -17.53498 0.05799790250461 2.290 1.33 4.82 0.000426 2016-Aug-30 00:00 *m 39.41872 -15.19200 0.05694352373253 2.440 1.44 5.24 0.000393 2016-Aug-31 00:00 *m 43.33253 -12.70806 0.05623519630030 2.571 1.54 5.60 0.000358 2016-Sep-01 00:00 *m 47.22000 -10.12078 0.05588119064782 2.677 1.62 5.88 0.000326 2016-Sep-02 00:00 *m 51.04835 -7.47382 0.05588361337753 2.755 1.67 6.06 0.000297 2016-Sep-03 00:00 *m 54.78798 -4.81328 0.05623805845831 2.801 1.69 6.13 0.000275 2016-Sep-04 00:00 *m 58.41371 -2.18390 0.05693385496533 2.815 1.68 6.10 0.000264 2016-Sep-05 00:00 *m 61.90550 0.37435 0.05795486369246 2.800 1.65 5.98 0.000263 2016-Sep-06 00:00 *m 65.24870 2.82875 0.05928066856436 2.759 1.59 5.78 0.000274 2016-Sep-07 00:00 *m 68.43387 5.15497 0.06088795341308 2.697 1.52 5.53 0.000293 2016-Sep-08 00:00 *m 71.45624 7.33717 0.06275186015732 2.620 1.44 5.23 0.000318 2016-Sep-09 00:00 *m 74.31503 9.36715 0.06484717529093 2.532 1.36 4.93 0.000346 2016-Sep-10 00:00 *m 77.01266 11.24303 0.06714926055804 2.437 1.27 4.61 0.000376 JPL/Horizons solution 43, # obs: 114 (1999-2016): 2016 July 28 Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(a-appar)_DEC. delta POS_3sigma DOP_S_3sig DOP_X_3sig RT_delay_3sig 2016-Aug-23 00:00 * 13.93661 -27.66489 0.07062090267455 5.450 2.53 9.19 0.000682 2016-Aug-24 00:00 * 17.19452 -26.45482 0.06787166518519 5.790 2.81 10.22 0.000630 2016-Aug-25 00:00 * 20.61046 -25.06259 0.06535182401315 6.127 3.11 11.29 0.000582 2016-Aug-26 00:00 * 24.17127 -23.47708 0.06308275421349 6.452 3.40 12.36 0.000545 2016-Aug-27 00:00 * 27.85841 -21.69212 0.06108645229283 6.751 3.69 13.40 0.000526 2016-Aug-28 00:00 * 31.64809 -19.70848 0.05938465420748 7.010 3.95 14.35 0.000536 2016-Aug-29 00:00 * 35.51186 -17.53558 0.05799770354700 7.213 4.17 15.15 0.000578 2016-Aug-30 00:00 *m 39.41770 -15.19263 0.05694323664516 7.347 4.33 15.75 0.000650 2016-Aug-31 00:00 *m 43.33153 -12.70870 0.05623481871625 7.399 4.43 16.09 0.000745 2016-Sep-01 00:00 *m 47.21903 -10.12142 0.05588072183368 7.365 4.44 16.14 0.000857 2016-Sep-02 00:00 *m 51.04741 -7.47445 0.05588305431887 7.243 4.38 15.90 0.000978 2016-Sep-03 00:00 *m 54.78708 -4.81389 0.05623741178658 7.041 4.24 15.40 0.001102 2016-Sep-04 00:00 *m 58.41286 -2.18449 0.05693312473671 6.770 4.03 14.66 0.001226 2016-Sep-05 00:00 *m 61.90470 0.37381 0.05795405505909 6.447 3.79 13.77 0.001345 2016-Sep-06 00:00 *m 65.24795 2.82825 0.05927978739548 6.089 3.51 12.77 0.001457 2016-Sep-07 00:00 *m 68.43317 5.15451 0.06088700592294 5.712 3.23 11.73 0.001562 2016-Sep-08 00:00 *m 71.45559 7.33676 0.06275085258350 5.332 2.94 10.70 0.001658 2016-Sep-09 00:00 *m 74.31443 9.36679 0.06484611364638 4.960 2.67 9.71 0.001745 2016-Sep-10 00:00 *m 77.01210 11.24272 0.06714815046232 4.604 2.42 8.79 0.001825
Apparent Magnitudes, Solar Elongations, Lunar Elongations, and Lunar Illumination: Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(a-appar)_DEC. delta APmag S-O-T /r T-O-M/Illu% 2016-Aug-15 00:00 353.76158 -32.59214 0.09878774352547 15.56 147.8320 /L 66.0/ 87.0 2016-Aug-16 00:00 355.74964 -32.30430 0.09478008406128 15.49 146.9803 /L 56.7/ 93.2 2016-Aug-17 00:00 357.87490 -31.94734 0.09088986567834 15.41 146.0385 /L 47.7/ 97.6 2016-Aug-18 00:00 0.14606 -31.51050 0.08712525097605 15.34 144.9964 /L 39.6/ 99.8 2016-Aug-19 00:00 2.57124 -30.98168 0.08349583543078 15.28 143.8423 /L 33.0/ 99.5 2016-Aug-20 00:00 5.15750 -30.34738 0.08001281024952 15.21 142.5635 /L 29.2/ 96.7 2016-Aug-21 00:00 7.91031 -29.59282 0.07668910881353 15.15 141.1465 /L 29.4/ 91.3 2016-Aug-22 00:00 10.83286 -28.70226 0.07353951545190 15.10 139.5771 /L 33.2/ 83.6 2016-Aug-23 00:00 13.92532 -27.65948 0.07058070865940 15.05 137.8417 /L 39.5/ 74.0 2016-Aug-24 00:00 17.18412 -26.44864 0.06783120371924 15.01 135.9276 /L 47.0/ 63.3 2016-Aug-25 00:00 20.60115 -25.05548 0.06531115257379 14.98 133.8249 /L 55.0/ 51.9 2016-Aug-26 00:00 24.16324 -23.46884 0.06304195414974 14.96 131.5279 /L 63.2/ 40.5 2016-Aug-27 00:00 27.85184 -21.68254 0.06104563117705 14.95 129.0368 /L 71.3/ 29.8 2016-Aug-28 00:00 31.64314 -19.69736 0.05934394653450 14.95 126.3599 /L 79.2/ 20.2 2016-Aug-29 00:00 35.50866 -17.52273 0.05795726899978 14.98 123.5149 /L 87.1/ 12.2 2016-Aug-30 00:00 39.41632 -15.17792 0.05690325533057 15.01 120.5296 /L 94.8/ 6.1 2016-Aug-31 00:00 43.33200 -12.69205 0.05619548323371 15.07 117.4416 /L 102.5/ 2.0 2016-Sep-01 00:00 47.22133 -10.10286 0.05584222672623 15.14 114.2968 /L 110.1/ 0.2 2016-Sep-02 00:00 51.05147 -7.45406 0.05584558418194 15.23 111.1457 /L 117.7/ 0.4 2016-Sep-03 00:00 54.79279 -4.79186 0.05620112979591 15.33 108.0403 /L 125.4/ 2.6 2016-Sep-04 00:00 58.42007 -2.16106 0.05689816337085 15.45 105.0297 /L 133.1/ 6.7 2016-Sep-05 00:00 61.91325 0.39834 0.05792051029487 15.57 102.1562 /L 141.0/ 12.3 2016-Sep-06 00:00 65.25766 2.85357 0.05924771683776 15.70 99.4538 /L 149.0/ 19.2 2016-Sep-07 00:00 68.44385 5.18034 0.06085643050661 15.84 96.9462 /L 157.0/ 27.2 2016-Sep-08 00:00 71.46707 7.36282 0.06272176091908 15.98 94.6476 /L 165.0/ 36.0 2016-Sep-09 00:00 74.32654 9.39283 0.06481846787378 16.12 92.5638 /L 171.6/ 45.4 2016-Sep-10 00:00 77.02470 11.26856 0.06712189257435 16.25 90.6932 /L 171.0/ 55.1 2016-Sep-11 00:00 79.56643 12.99297 0.06960861115021 16.39 89.0293 /L 163.3/ 64.7 2016-Sep-12 00:00 81.95835 14.57245 0.07225683381295 16.52 87.5616 /L 153.6/ 74.1 2016-Sep-13 00:00 84.20825 16.01553 0.07504659627846 16.64 86.2778 /L 143.0/ 82.6 2016-Sep-14 00:00 86.32456 17.33195 0.07795979707524 16.76 85.1641 /L 131.7/ 90.0 2016-Sep-15 00:00 88.31597 18.53187 0.08098013150028 16.87 84.2065 /L 119.8/ 95.7 2016-Sep-16 00:00 90.19117 19.62545 0.08409296557272 16.98 83.3913 /L 107.3/ 99.1 2016-Sep-17 00:00 91.95860 20.62242 0.08728518432330 17.08 82.7055 /L 94.4/ 99.9 2016-Sep-18 00:00 93.62631 21.53197 0.09054503899979 17.17 82.1368 /L 81.2/ 97.9 2016-Sep-19 00:00 95.20186 22.36260 0.09386200737063 17.26 81.6742 /L 67.9/ 93.1 2016-Sep-20 00:00 96.69226 23.12208 0.09722667128533 17.34 81.3074 /L 54.5/ 85.7 2016-Sep-21 00:00 98.10399 23.81746 0.10063060832498 17.41 81.0274 /L 41.3/ 76.5
Setups
Due to the 3-hour rotation period, we expect to see a bandwidth of about 15 Hz. The lightcurve amplitude indicates an elongated shape so the bandwidth could vary by about a factor of two. The Doppler uncertainties are small so we do not expect to see a Doppler correction, but a range correction of more than 100 usec is possible. CW setup: --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TX polarization RCP RCV polarization LCP & RCP Frequency hops: no hopping Bandwidth: 5000 Hz TXoffset +500 Hz FFT for PFS files: 10,000 for 0.5 Hz resolution Ranging setups: --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10-usec baud 10 usec code 127 PRP 1270 usec FFT 128 ncoh 1 bandwidth 787 Hz resolution 6.15 Hz TXOFF +100Hz (echo in col 81) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11-usec baud 11 usec code 127 PRP 1397 usec FFT 128 ncoh 1 bandwidth 716 Hz resolution 5.6 Hz TXOFF +100 Hz (echo in bin 82) ---------------------------------------------------------------------
Instructions
NOTE: Data should be moved to the appropriate subdirectories in aardvark:/export/data0/1999yr14/raw/
POINTING:
OSOD and predicts will be on aardvark: ...not available yet... POINTING TX Offsets Date (UTC) DOY hhmmss RA Dec Macro LHA Dec RTT OSOD ... to be added ... Transmit offsets are given in millidegrees.
PRDX.OUT.14f-14-14.?? TRANSMITTER: STATION #14, RECEIVER: STATION #14 RECEIVER U.T. RANGE DOPPLER LHA DEC RA EL
1999 YR14 GOLDSTONE MASTERLOG
============================================================================== Receive TX Setup hops dwell code ncoh FFT runs start -stop OSOD offset Poln Notes ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dr. Lance A. M. Benner | PHONE: (818) 354-7412 Mail Stop 183-601 | FAX: (818) 393-4445 Jet Propulsion Laboratory | email: lance.benner@jpl.nasa.gov California Institute of Technology | Plan: To live long and prosper Pasadena, CA 91109-8099 http://echo.jpl.nasa.gov/asteroids/2010KL6/2002KL6_planning.html
Asteroid Radar Astronomy
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